Added in API level 1

ArrayBlockingQueue

public class ArrayBlockingQueue
extends AbstractQueue<E> implements BlockingQueue<E>, Serializable

java.lang.Object
   ↳ java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
     ↳ java.util.AbstractQueue<E>
       ↳ java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue<E>


A bounded blocking queue backed by an array. This queue orders elements FIFO (first-in-first-out). The head of the queue is that element that has been on the queue the longest time. The tail of the queue is that element that has been on the queue the shortest time. New elements are inserted at the tail of the queue, and the queue retrieval operations obtain elements at the head of the queue.

This is a classic "bounded buffer", in which a fixed-sized array holds elements inserted by producers and extracted by consumers. Once created, the capacity cannot be changed. Attempts to put an element into a full queue will result in the operation blocking; attempts to take an element from an empty queue will similarly block.

This class supports an optional fairness policy for ordering waiting producer and consumer threads. By default, this ordering is not guaranteed. However, a queue constructed with fairness set to true grants threads access in FIFO order. Fairness generally decreases throughput but reduces variability and avoids starvation.

This class and its iterator implement all of the optional methods of the Collection and Iterator interfaces.

This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.

Summary

Public constructors

ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity and default access policy.

ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity and the specified access policy.

ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair, Collection<? extends E> c)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity, the specified access policy and initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.

Public methods

boolean add(E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, returning true upon success and throwing an IllegalStateException if this queue is full.

void clear()

Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue.

boolean contains(Object o)

Returns true if this queue contains the specified element.

int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c, int maxElements)

Removes at most the given number of available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection.

int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c)

Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection.

void forEach(Consumer<? super E> action)
Iterator<E> iterator()

Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence.

boolean offer(E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, returning true upon success and false if this queue is full.

boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting up to the specified wait time for space to become available if the queue is full.

E peek()

Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue, or returns null if this queue is empty.

E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.

E poll()

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, or returns null if this queue is empty.

void put(E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting for space to become available if the queue is full.

int remainingCapacity()

Returns the number of additional elements that this queue can ideally (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without blocking.

boolean remove(Object o)

Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, if it is present.

boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c)

Removes all of this collection's elements that are also contained in the specified collection (optional operation).

boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter)

Removes all of the elements of this collection that satisfy the given predicate.

boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c)

Retains only the elements in this collection that are contained in the specified collection (optional operation).

int size()

Returns the number of elements in this queue.

Spliterator<E> spliterator()

Returns a Spliterator over the elements in this queue.

E take()

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.

<T> T[] toArray(T[] a)

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.

Object[] toArray()

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in proper sequence.

String toString()

Returns a string representation of this collection.

Inherited methods

Public constructors

ArrayBlockingQueue

Added in API level 1
public ArrayBlockingQueue (int capacity)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity and default access policy.

Parameters
capacity int: the capacity of this queue

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if capacity < 1

ArrayBlockingQueue

Added in API level 1
public ArrayBlockingQueue (int capacity, 
                boolean fair)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity and the specified access policy.

Parameters
capacity int: the capacity of this queue

fair boolean: if true then queue accesses for threads blocked on insertion or removal, are processed in FIFO order; if false the access order is unspecified.

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if capacity < 1

ArrayBlockingQueue

Added in API level 1
public ArrayBlockingQueue (int capacity, 
                boolean fair, 
                Collection<? extends E> c)

Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity, the specified access policy and initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.

Parameters
capacity int: the capacity of this queue

fair boolean: if true then queue accesses for threads blocked on insertion or removal, are processed in FIFO order; if false the access order is unspecified.

c Collection: the collection of elements to initially contain

Throws
IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than c.size(), or less than 1.
NullPointerException if the specified collection or any of its elements are null

Public methods

add

Added in API level 1
public boolean add (E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, returning true upon success and throwing an IllegalStateException if this queue is full.

Parameters
e E: the element to add

Returns
boolean true (as specified by Collection#add)

Throws
IllegalStateException if this queue is full
NullPointerException if the specified element is null

clear

Added in API level 1
public void clear ()

Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue. The queue will be empty after this call returns.

contains

Added in API level 1
public boolean contains (Object o)

Returns true if this queue contains the specified element. More formally, returns true if and only if this queue contains at least one element e such that o.equals(e).

Parameters
o Object: object to be checked for containment in this queue

Returns
boolean true if this queue contains the specified element

drainTo

Added in API level 1
public int drainTo (Collection<? super E> c, 
                int maxElements)

Removes at most the given number of available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters
c Collection: the collection to transfer elements into

maxElements int: the maximum number of elements to transfer

Returns
int the number of elements transferred

Throws
UnsupportedOperationException
ClassCastException
NullPointerException
IllegalArgumentException

drainTo

Added in API level 1
public int drainTo (Collection<? super E> c)

Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. This operation may be more efficient than repeatedly polling this queue. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.

Parameters
c Collection: the collection to transfer elements into

Returns
int the number of elements transferred

Throws
UnsupportedOperationException
ClassCastException
NullPointerException
IllegalArgumentException

forEach

Added in API level 24
public void forEach (Consumer<? super E> action)

Parameters
action Consumer

Throws
NullPointerException

iterator

Added in API level 1
public Iterator<E> iterator ()

Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence. The elements will be returned in order from first (head) to last (tail).

The returned iterator is weakly consistent.

Returns
Iterator<E> an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence

offer

Added in API level 1
public boolean offer (E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, returning true upon success and false if this queue is full. This method is generally preferable to method add(E), which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception.

Parameters
e E: the element to add

Returns
boolean true if the element was added to this queue, else false

Throws
NullPointerException if the specified element is null

offer

Added in API level 1
public boolean offer (E e, 
                long timeout, 
                TimeUnit unit)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting up to the specified wait time for space to become available if the queue is full.

Parameters
e E: the element to add

timeout long: how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit

unit TimeUnit: a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter

Returns
boolean true if successful, or false if the specified waiting time elapses before space is available

Throws
InterruptedException
NullPointerException

peek

Added in API level 1
public E peek ()

Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue, or returns null if this queue is empty.

Returns
E the head of this queue, or null if this queue is empty

poll

Added in API level 1
public E poll (long timeout, 
                TimeUnit unit)

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.

Parameters
timeout long: how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit

unit TimeUnit: a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the timeout parameter

Returns
E the head of this queue, or null if the specified waiting time elapses before an element is available

Throws
InterruptedException

poll

Added in API level 1
public E poll ()

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, or returns null if this queue is empty.

Returns
E the head of this queue, or null if this queue is empty

put

Added in API level 1
public void put (E e)

Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting for space to become available if the queue is full.

Parameters
e E: the element to add

Throws
InterruptedException
NullPointerException

remainingCapacity

Added in API level 1
public int remainingCapacity ()

Returns the number of additional elements that this queue can ideally (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without blocking. This is always equal to the initial capacity of this queue less the current size of this queue.

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity because it may be the case that another thread is about to insert or remove an element.

Returns
int the remaining capacity

remove

Added in API level 1
public boolean remove (Object o)

Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, if it is present. More formally, removes an element e such that o.equals(e), if this queue contains one or more such elements. Returns true if this queue contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call).

Removal of interior elements in circular array based queues is an intrinsically slow and disruptive operation, so should be undertaken only in exceptional circumstances, ideally only when the queue is known not to be accessible by other threads.

Parameters
o Object: element to be removed from this queue, if present

Returns
boolean true if this queue changed as a result of the call

removeAll

Added in API level 1
public boolean removeAll (Collection<?> c)

Removes all of this collection's elements that are also contained in the specified collection (optional operation). After this call returns, this collection will contain no elements in common with the specified collection.

Parameters
c Collection: collection containing elements to be removed from this collection

Returns
boolean true if this collection changed as a result of the call

Throws
NullPointerException

removeIf

Added in API level 24
public boolean removeIf (Predicate<? super E> filter)

Removes all of the elements of this collection that satisfy the given predicate. Errors or runtime exceptions thrown during iteration or by the predicate are relayed to the caller.

Parameters
filter Predicate: a predicate which returns true for elements to be removed

Returns
boolean true if any elements were removed

Throws
NullPointerException

retainAll

Added in API level 1
public boolean retainAll (Collection<?> c)

Retains only the elements in this collection that are contained in the specified collection (optional operation). In other words, removes from this collection all of its elements that are not contained in the specified collection.

Parameters
c Collection: collection containing elements to be retained in this collection

Returns
boolean true if this collection changed as a result of the call

Throws
NullPointerException

size

Added in API level 1
public int size ()

Returns the number of elements in this queue.

Returns
int the number of elements in this queue

spliterator

Added in API level 24
public Spliterator<E> spliterator ()

Returns a Spliterator over the elements in this queue.

The returned spliterator is weakly consistent.

The Spliterator reports Spliterator#CONCURRENT, Spliterator#ORDERED, and Spliterator#NONNULL.

Implementation Note:
  • The Spliterator implements trySplit to permit limited parallelism.
Returns
Spliterator<E> a Spliterator over the elements in this queue

take

Added in API level 1
public E take ()

Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.

Returns
E the head of this queue

Throws
InterruptedException

toArray

Added in API level 1
public T[] toArray (T[] a)

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the queue fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this queue.

If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to null.

Like the toArray() method, this method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.

Suppose x is a queue known to contain only strings. The following code can be used to dump the queue into a newly allocated array of String:

 String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to toArray().

Parameters
a T: the array into which the elements of the queue are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purpose

Returns
T[] an array containing all of the elements in this queue

Throws
ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this queue
NullPointerException if the specified array is null

toArray

Added in API level 1
public Object[] toArray ()

Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in proper sequence.

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.

Returns
Object[] an array containing all of the elements in this queue

toString

Added in API level 1
public String toString ()

Returns a string representation of this collection. The string representation consists of a list of the collection's elements in the order they are returned by its iterator, enclosed in square brackets ("[]"). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters ", " (comma and space). Elements are converted to strings as by String#valueOf(Object).

Returns
String a string representation of this collection