Added in API level 1

Summary: Constants | Fields | Ctors | Methods | Inherited Methods

Long

public final class Long
extends Number implements Comparable<Long>

java.lang.Object
↳	java.lang.Number
	↳	java.lang.Long

The Long class wraps a value of the primitive type long in an object. An object of type Long contains a single field whose type is long.

In addition, this class provides several methods for converting a long to a String and a String to a long, as well as other constants and methods useful when dealing with a long.

Implementation note: The implementations of the "bit twiddling" methods (such as highestOneBit and numberOfTrailingZeros) are based on material from Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s Hacker's Delight, (Addison Wesley, 2002).

Summary

Constants
`int`	`BYTES` The number of bytes used to represent a `long` value in two's complement binary form.
`long`	`MAX_VALUE` A constant holding the maximum value a `long` can have, 2⁶³-1.
`long`	`MIN_VALUE` A constant holding the minimum value a `long` can have, -2⁶³.
`int`	`SIZE` The number of bits used to represent a `long` value in two's complement binary form.

Fields
`public static final Class<Long>`	`TYPE` The `Class` instance representing the primitive type `long`.

Public constructors
`Long(String s)` This constructor is deprecated. It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. Use `parseLong(java.lang.String)` to convert a string to a `long` primitive, or use `valueOf(java.lang.String)` to convert a string to a `Long` object.
`Long(long value)` This constructor is deprecated. It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. The static factory `valueOf(long)` is generally a better choice, as it is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.

Public methods
`static int`	`bitCount(long i)` Returns the number of one-bits in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value.
`byte`	`byteValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as a `byte` after a narrowing primitive conversion.
`static int`	`compare(long x, long y)` Compares two `long` values numerically.
`int`	`compareTo(Long anotherLong)` Compares two `Long` objects numerically.
`static int`	`compareUnsigned(long x, long y)` Compares two `long` values numerically treating the values as unsigned.
`static long`	`compress(long i, long mask)` Returns the value obtained by compressing the bits of the specified `long` value, `i`, in accordance with the specified bit mask.
`static Long`	`decode(String nm)` Decodes a `String` into a `Long`.
`static long`	`divideUnsigned(long dividend, long divisor)` Returns the unsigned quotient of dividing the first argument by the second where each argument and the result is interpreted as an unsigned value.
`double`	`doubleValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as a `double` after a widening primitive conversion.
`boolean`	`equals(Object obj)` Compares this object to the specified object.
`static long`	`expand(long i, long mask)` Returns the value obtained by expanding the bits of the specified `long` value, `i`, in accordance with the specified bit mask.
`float`	`floatValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as a `float` after a widening primitive conversion.
`static Long`	`getLong(String nm, Long val)` Returns the `long` value of the system property with the specified name.
`static Long`	`getLong(String nm, long val)` Determines the `long` value of the system property with the specified name.
`static Long`	`getLong(String nm)` Determines the `long` value of the system property with the specified name.
`int`	`hashCode()` Returns a hash code for this `Long`.
`static int`	`hashCode(long value)` Returns a hash code for a `long` value; compatible with `Long.hashCode()`.
`static long`	`highestOneBit(long i)` Returns a `long` value with at most a single one-bit, in the position of the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the specified `long` value.
`int`	`intValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as an `int` after a narrowing primitive conversion.
`long`	`longValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as a `long` value.
`static long`	`lowestOneBit(long i)` Returns a `long` value with at most a single one-bit, in the position of the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the specified `long` value.
`static long`	`max(long a, long b)` Returns the greater of two `long` values as if by calling `Math.max`.
`static long`	`min(long a, long b)` Returns the smaller of two `long` values as if by calling `Math.min`.
`static int`	`numberOfLeadingZeros(long i)` Returns the number of zero bits preceding the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value.
`static int`	`numberOfTrailingZeros(long i)` Returns the number of zero bits following the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value.
`static long`	`parseLong(CharSequence s, int beginIndex, int endIndex, int radix)` Parses the `CharSequence` argument as a signed `long` in the specified `radix`, beginning at the specified `beginIndex` and extending to `endIndex - 1`.
`static long`	`parseLong(String s, int radix)` Parses the string argument as a signed `long` in the radix specified by the second argument.
`static long`	`parseLong(String s)` Parses the string argument as a signed decimal `long`.
`static long`	`parseUnsignedLong(String s, int radix)` Parses the string argument as an unsigned `long` in the radix specified by the second argument.
`static long`	`parseUnsignedLong(String s)` Parses the string argument as an unsigned decimal `long`.
`static long`	`parseUnsignedLong(CharSequence s, int beginIndex, int endIndex, int radix)` Parses the `CharSequence` argument as an unsigned `long` in the specified `radix`, beginning at the specified `beginIndex` and extending to `endIndex - 1`.
`static long`	`remainderUnsigned(long dividend, long divisor)` Returns the unsigned remainder from dividing the first argument by the second where each argument and the result is interpreted as an unsigned value.
`static long`	`reverse(long i)` Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bits in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value.
`static long`	`reverseBytes(long i)` Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the two's complement representation of the specified `long` value.
`static long`	`rotateLeft(long i, int distance)` Returns the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value left by the specified number of bits.
`static long`	`rotateRight(long i, int distance)` Returns the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value right by the specified number of bits.
`short`	`shortValue()` Returns the value of this `Long` as a `short` after a narrowing primitive conversion.
`static int`	`signum(long i)` Returns the signum function of the specified `long` value.
`static long`	`sum(long a, long b)` Adds two `long` values together as per the + operator.
`static String`	`toBinaryString(long i)` Returns a string representation of the `long` argument as an unsigned integer in base 2.
`static String`	`toHexString(long i)` Returns a string representation of the `long` argument as an unsigned integer in base 16.
`static String`	`toOctalString(long i)` Returns a string representation of the `long` argument as an unsigned integer in base 8.
`static String`	`toString(long i, int radix)` Returns a string representation of the first argument in the radix specified by the second argument.
`String`	`toString()` Returns a `String` object representing this `Long`'s value.
`static String`	`toString(long i)` Returns a `String` object representing the specified `long`.
`static String`	`toUnsignedString(long i)` Returns a string representation of the argument as an unsigned decimal value.
`static String`	`toUnsignedString(long i, int radix)` Returns a string representation of the first argument as an unsigned integer value in the radix specified by the second argument.
`static Long`	`valueOf(String s)` Returns a `Long` object holding the value of the specified `String`.
`static Long`	`valueOf(String s, int radix)` Returns a `Long` object holding the value extracted from the specified `String` when parsed with the radix given by the second argument.
`static Long`	`valueOf(long l)` Returns a `Long` instance representing the specified `long` value.

Inherited methods

From class


        
          java.lang.Number

`byte`	`byteValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as a `byte`.
`abstract double`	`doubleValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as a `double`.
`abstract float`	`floatValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as a `float`.
`abstract int`	`intValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as an `int`.
`abstract long`	`longValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as a `long`.
`short`	`shortValue()` Returns the value of the specified number as a `short`.

From class


        
          java.lang.Object

`Object`	`clone()` Creates and returns a copy of this object.
`boolean`	`equals(Object obj)` Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.
`void`	`finalize()` Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection determines that there are no more references to the object.
`final Class<?>`	`getClass()` Returns the runtime class of this `Object`.
`int`	`hashCode()` Returns a hash code value for the object.
`final void`	`notify()` Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor.
`final void`	`notifyAll()` Wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor.
`String`	`toString()` Returns a string representation of the object.
`final void`	`wait(long timeoutMillis, int nanos)` Causes the current thread to wait until it is awakened, typically by being notified or interrupted, or until a certain amount of real time has elapsed.
`final void`	`wait(long timeoutMillis)` Causes the current thread to wait until it is awakened, typically by being notified or interrupted, or until a certain amount of real time has elapsed.
`final void`	`wait()` Causes the current thread to wait until it is awakened, typically by being notified or interrupted.

From interface


        
          java.lang.Comparable


      compareTo(Long o)

Compares this object with the specified object for order.

Constants

BYTES

Added in API level 24

public static final int BYTES

The number of bytes used to represent a long value in two's complement binary form.

Constant Value: 8 (0x00000008)

MAX_VALUE

Added in API level 1

public static final long MAX_VALUE

A constant holding the maximum value a long can have, 2⁶³-1.

Constant Value: 9223372036854775807 (0x7fffffffffffffff)

MIN_VALUE

Added in API level 1

public static final long MIN_VALUE

A constant holding the minimum value a long can have, -2⁶³.

Constant Value: -9223372036854775808 (0x8000000000000000)

SIZE

Added in API level 1

public static final int SIZE

The number of bits used to represent a long value in two's complement binary form.

Constant Value: 64 (0x00000040)

Fields

TYPE

Added in API level 1

public static final Class<Long> TYPE

The Class instance representing the primitive type long.

Public constructors

Long

Added in API level 1

public Long (String s)

This constructor is deprecated.
It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. Use parseLong(java.lang.String) to convert a string to a long primitive, or use valueOf(java.lang.String) to convert a string to a Long object.

Constructs a newly allocated Long object that represents the long value indicated by the String parameter. The string is converted to a long value in exactly the manner used by the parseLong method for radix 10.

Parameters
`s`	`String`: the `String` to be converted to a `Long`.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the `String` does not contain a parsable `long`.

Long

Added in API level 1

public Long (long value)

This constructor is deprecated.
It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. The static factory valueOf(long) is generally a better choice, as it is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance.

Constructs a newly allocated Long object that represents the specified long argument.

Parameters
`value`	`long`: the value to be represented by the `Long` object.

Public methods

bitCount

Added in API level 1

public static int bitCount (long i)

Returns the number of one-bits in the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value. This function is sometimes referred to as the population count.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bits are to be counted

Returns
`int`	the number of one-bits in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value.

byteValue

Added in API level 1

public byte byteValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as a byte after a narrowing primitive conversion.

Returns
`byte`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `byte`.

compare

Added in API level 19

public static int compare (long x, 
                long y)

Compares two long values numerically. The value returned is identical to what would be returned by:

    Long.valueOf(x).compareTo(Long.valueOf(y))

Parameters
`x`	`long`: the first `long` to compare
`y`	`long`: the second `long` to compare

Returns
`int`	the value `0` if `x == y`; a value less than `0` if `x < y`; and a value greater than `0` if `x > y`

compareTo

Added in API level 1

public int compareTo (Long anotherLong)

Compares two Long objects numerically.

Parameters
`anotherLong`	`Long`: the `Long` to be compared.

Returns
`int`	the value `0` if this `Long` is equal to the argument `Long`; a value less than `0` if this `Long` is numerically less than the argument `Long`; and a value greater than `0` if this `Long` is numerically greater than the argument `Long` (signed comparison).

compareUnsigned

Added in API level 26

public static int compareUnsigned (long x, 
                long y)

Compares two long values numerically treating the values as unsigned.

Parameters
`x`	`long`: the first `long` to compare
`y`	`long`: the second `long` to compare

Returns
`int`	the value `0` if `x == y`; a value less than `0` if `x < y` as unsigned values; and a value greater than `0` if `x > y` as unsigned values

compress

Added in API level 36

public static long compress (long i, 
                long mask)

Returns the value obtained by compressing the bits of the specified long value, i, in accordance with the specified bit mask.

For each one-bit value mb of the mask, from least significant to most significant, the bit value of i at the same bit location as mb is assigned to the compressed value contiguously starting from the least significant bit location. All the upper remaining bits of the compressed value are set to zero.

API Note:

Consider the simple case of compressing the digits of a hexadecimal value: lang="java" : // Compressing drink to food compress(0xCAFEBABEL, 0xFF00FFF0L) == 0xCABABL Starting from the least significant hexadecimal digit at position 0 from the right, the mask 0xFF00FFF0 selects hexadecimal digits at positions 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 of 0xCAFEBABE. The selected digits occur in the resulting compressed value contiguously from digit position 0 in the same order.
The following identities all return true and are helpful to understand the behaviour of compress: lang="java" : // Returns 1 if the bit at position n is one compress(x, 1L << n) == (x >> n & 1) // Logical shift right compress(x, -1L << n) == x >>> n // Any bits not covered by the mask are ignored compress(x, m) == compress(x & m, m) // Compressing a value by itself compress(m, m) == (m == -1 || m == 0) ? m : (1L << bitCount(m)) - 1 // Expanding then compressing with the same mask compress(expand(x, m), m) == x & compress(m, m)
The Sheep And Goats (SAG) operation (see Hacker's Delight, section 7.7) can be implemented as follows: lang="java" : long compressLeft(long i, long mask) { // This implementation follows the description in Hacker's Delight which // is informative. A more optimal implementation is: // Long.compress(i, mask) << -Long.bitCount(mask) return Long.reverse( Long.compress(Long.reverse(i), Long.reverse(mask))); } long sag(long i, long mask) { return compressLeft(i, mask) | Long.compress(i, ~mask); } // Separate the sheep from the goats sag(0x00000000_CAFEBABEL, 0xFFFFFFFF_FF00FFF0L) == 0x00000000_CABABFEEL

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bits are to be compressed
`mask`	`long`: the bit mask

Returns
`long`	the compressed value

See also:

expand(long, long)

decode

Added in API level 1

public static Long decode (String nm)

Decodes a String into a Long. Accepts decimal, hexadecimal, and octal numbers given by the following grammar:

DecodableString:
Sign_opt DecimalNumeral
Sign_opt 0x HexDigits
Sign_opt 0X HexDigits
Sign_opt # HexDigits
Sign_opt 0 OctalDigits
Sign:
-
+

DecimalNumeral, HexDigits, and OctalDigits are as defined in section {@jls 3.10.1} of The Java Language Specification, except that underscores are not accepted between digits.

The sequence of characters following an optional sign and/or radix specifier ("0x", "0X", "#", or leading zero) is parsed as by the Long.parseLong method with the indicated radix (10, 16, or 8). This sequence of characters must represent a positive value or a NumberFormatException will be thrown. The result is negated if first character of the specified String is the minus sign. No whitespace characters are permitted in the String.

Parameters
`nm`	`String`: the `String` to decode.

Returns
`Long`	a `Long` object holding the `long` value represented by `nm`

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the `String` does not contain a parsable `long`.

See also:

parseLong(String, int)

divideUnsigned

Added in API level 26

public static long divideUnsigned (long dividend, 
                long divisor)

Returns the unsigned quotient of dividing the first argument by the second where each argument and the result is interpreted as an unsigned value.

Note that in two's complement arithmetic, the three other basic arithmetic operations of add, subtract, and multiply are bit-wise identical if the two operands are regarded as both being signed or both being unsigned. Therefore separate addUnsigned, etc. methods are not provided.

Parameters
`dividend`	`long`: the value to be divided
`divisor`	`long`: the value doing the dividing

Returns
`long`	the unsigned quotient of the first argument divided by the second argument

See also:

remainderUnsigned(long, long)

doubleValue

Added in API level 1

public double doubleValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as a double after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns
`double`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `double`.

equals

Added in API level 1

public boolean equals (Object obj)

Compares this object to the specified object. The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a Long object that contains the same long value as this object.

Parameters
`obj`	`Object`: the object to compare with.

Returns
`boolean`	`true` if the objects are the same; `false` otherwise.

expand

Added in API level 36

public static long expand (long i, 
                long mask)

Returns the value obtained by expanding the bits of the specified long value, i, in accordance with the specified bit mask.

For each one-bit value mb of the mask, from least significant to most significant, the next contiguous bit value of i starting at the least significant bit is assigned to the expanded value at the same bit location as mb. All other remaining bits of the expanded value are set to zero.

API Note:

Consider the simple case of expanding the digits of a hexadecimal value: lang="java" : expand(0x0000CABABL, 0xFF00FFF0L) == 0xCA00BAB0L Starting from the least significant hexadecimal digit at position 0 from the right, the mask 0xFF00FFF0 selects the first five hexadecimal digits of 0x0000CABAB. The selected digits occur in the resulting expanded value in order at positions 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7.
The following identities all return true and are helpful to understand the behaviour of expand: lang="java" : // Logically shift right the bit at position 0 expand(x, 1L << n) == (x & 1) << n // Logically shift right expand(x, -1L << n) == x << n // Expanding all bits returns the mask expand(-1L, m) == m // Any bits not covered by the mask are ignored expand(x, m) == expand(x, m) & m // Compressing then expanding with the same mask expand(compress(x, m), m) == x & m
The select operation for determining the position of the one-bit with index n in a long value can be implemented as follows: lang="java" : long select(long i, long n) { // the one-bit in i (the mask) with index n long nthBit = Long.expand(1L << n, i); // the bit position of the one-bit with index n return Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(nthBit); } // The one-bit with index 0 is at bit position 1 select(0b10101010_10101010, 0) == 1 // The one-bit with index 3 is at bit position 7 select(0b10101010_10101010, 3) == 7

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bits are to be expanded
`mask`	`long`: the bit mask

Returns
`long`	the expanded value

See also:

compress(long, long)

floatValue

Added in API level 1

public float floatValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as a float after a widening primitive conversion.

Returns
`float`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `float`.

getLong

Added in API level 1

public static Long getLong (String nm, 
                Long val)

Returns the long value of the system property with the specified name. The first argument is treated as the name of a system property. System properties are accessible through the System.getProperty(java.lang.String) method. The string value of this property is then interpreted as a long value, as per the decode method, and a Long object representing this value is returned; in summary:

If the property value begins with the two ASCII characters 0x or the ASCII character #, not followed by a minus sign, then the rest of it is parsed as a hexadecimal integer exactly as for the method valueOf(java.lang.String, int) with radix 16.
If the property value begins with the ASCII character 0 followed by another character, it is parsed as an octal integer exactly as by the method valueOf(java.lang.String, int) with radix 8.
Otherwise the property value is parsed as a decimal integer exactly as by the method valueOf(java.lang.String, int) with radix 10.

Note that, in every case, neither L ('\u004C') nor l ('\u006C') is permitted to appear at the end of the property value as a type indicator, as would be permitted in Java programming language source code.

The second argument is the default value. The default value is returned if there is no property of the specified name, if the property does not have the correct numeric format, or if the specified name is empty or null.

Parameters
`nm`	`String`: property name.
`val`	`Long`: default value.

Returns
`Long`	the `Long` value of the property.

Throws
`SecurityException`	for the same reasons as `System.getProperty`

See also:

getLong

Added in API level 1

public static Long getLong (String nm, 
                long val)

Determines the long value of the system property with the specified name.

The first argument is treated as the name of a system property. System properties are accessible through the System.getProperty(java.lang.String) method. The string value of this property is then interpreted as a long value using the grammar supported by decode and a Long object representing this value is returned.

The second argument is the default value. A Long object that represents the value of the second argument is returned if there is no property of the specified name, if the property does not have the correct numeric format, or if the specified name is empty or null.

In other words, this method returns a Long object equal to the value of:

getLong(nm, Long.valueOf(val))

but in practice it may be implemented in a manner such as:

 Long result = getLong(nm, null);
 return (result == null) ? Long.valueOf(val) : result;

to avoid the unnecessary allocation of a Long object when the default value is not needed.

Parameters
`nm`	`String`: property name.
`val`	`long`: default value.

Returns
`Long`	the `Long` value of the property.

Throws
`SecurityException`	for the same reasons as `System.getProperty`

See also:

getLong

Added in API level 1

public static Long getLong (String nm)

Determines the long value of the system property with the specified name.

If there is no property with the specified name, if the specified name is empty or null, or if the property does not have the correct numeric format, then null is returned.

In other words, this method returns a Long object equal to the value of:

getLong(nm, null)

Parameters
`nm`	`String`: property name.

Returns
`Long`	the `Long` value of the property.

Throws
`SecurityException`	for the same reasons as `System.getProperty`

See also:

hashCode

Added in API level 1

public int hashCode ()

Returns a hash code for this Long. The result is the exclusive OR of the two halves of the primitive long value held by this Long object. That is, the hashcode is the value of the expression:

(int)(this.longValue()^(this.longValue()>>>32))

Returns
`int`	a hash code value for this object.

hashCode

Added in API level 24

public static int hashCode (long value)

Returns a hash code for a long value; compatible with Long.hashCode().

Parameters
`value`	`long`: the value to hash

Returns
`int`	a hash code value for a `long` value.

highestOneBit

Added in API level 1

public static long highestOneBit (long i)

Returns a long value with at most a single one-bit, in the position of the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the specified long value. Returns zero if the specified value has no one-bits in its two's complement binary representation, that is, if it is equal to zero.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose highest one bit is to be computed

Returns
`long`	a `long` value with a single one-bit, in the position of the highest-order one-bit in the specified value, or zero if the specified value is itself equal to zero.

intValue

Added in API level 1

public int intValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as an int after a narrowing primitive conversion.

Returns
`int`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `int`.

longValue

Added in API level 1

public long longValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as a long value.

Returns
`long`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `long`.

lowestOneBit

Added in API level 1

public static long lowestOneBit (long i)

Returns a long value with at most a single one-bit, in the position of the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the specified long value. Returns zero if the specified value has no one-bits in its two's complement binary representation, that is, if it is equal to zero.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose lowest one bit is to be computed

Returns
`long`	a `long` value with a single one-bit, in the position of the lowest-order one-bit in the specified value, or zero if the specified value is itself equal to zero.

max

Added in API level 24

public static long max (long a, 
                long b)

Returns the greater of two long values as if by calling Math.max.

Parameters
`a`	`long`: the first operand
`b`	`long`: the second operand

Returns
`long`	the greater of `a` and `b`

See also:

BinaryOperator

min

Added in API level 24

public static long min (long a, 
                long b)

Returns the smaller of two long values as if by calling Math.min.

Parameters
`a`	`long`: the first operand
`b`	`long`: the second operand

Returns
`long`	the smaller of `a` and `b`

See also:

BinaryOperator

numberOfLeadingZeros

Added in API level 1

public static int numberOfLeadingZeros (long i)

Returns the number of zero bits preceding the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value. Returns 64 if the specified value has no one-bits in its two's complement representation, in other words if it is equal to zero.

Note that this method is closely related to the logarithm base 2. For all positive long values x:

floor(log₂(x)) = 63 - numberOfLeadingZeros(x)
ceil(log₂(x)) = 64 - numberOfLeadingZeros(x - 1)

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose number of leading zeros is to be computed

Returns
`int`	the number of zero bits preceding the highest-order ("leftmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value, or 64 if the value is equal to zero.

numberOfTrailingZeros

Added in API level 1

public static int numberOfTrailingZeros (long i)

Returns the number of zero bits following the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value. Returns 64 if the specified value has no one-bits in its two's complement representation, in other words if it is equal to zero.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose number of trailing zeros is to be computed

Returns
`int`	the number of zero bits following the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value, or 64 if the value is equal to zero.

parseLong

Added in API level 33

public static long parseLong (CharSequence s, 
                int beginIndex, 
                int endIndex, 
                int radix)

Parses the CharSequence argument as a signed long in the specified radix, beginning at the specified beginIndex and extending to endIndex - 1.

The method does not take steps to guard against the CharSequence being mutated while parsing.

Parameters
`s`	`CharSequence`: the `CharSequence` containing the `long` representation to be parsed
`beginIndex`	`int`: the beginning index, inclusive.
`endIndex`	`int`: the ending index, exclusive.
`radix`	`int`: the radix to be used while parsing `s`.

Returns
`long`	the signed `long` represented by the subsequence in the specified radix.

Throws
`NullPointerException`	if `s` is null.
`IndexOutOfBoundsException`	if `beginIndex` is negative, or if `beginIndex` is greater than `endIndex` or if `endIndex` is greater than `s.length()`.
`NumberFormatException`	if the `CharSequence` does not contain a parsable `long` in the specified `radix`, or if `radix` is either smaller than `Character.MIN_RADIX` or larger than `Character.MAX_RADIX`.

parseLong

Added in API level 1

public static long parseLong (String s, 
                int radix)

Parses the string argument as a signed long in the radix specified by the second argument. The characters in the string must all be digits of the specified radix (as determined by whether Character.digit(char, int) returns a nonnegative value), except that the first character may be an ASCII minus sign '-' ('\u002D') to indicate a negative value or an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B') to indicate a positive value. The resulting long value is returned.

Note that neither the character L ('\u004C') nor l ('\u006C') is permitted to appear at the end of the string as a type indicator, as would be permitted in Java programming language source code - except that either L or l may appear as a digit for a radix greater than or equal to 22.

An exception of type NumberFormatException is thrown if any of the following situations occurs:

The first argument is null or is a string of length zero.
The radix is either smaller than Character.MIN_RADIX or larger than Character.MAX_RADIX.
Any character of the string is not a digit of the specified radix, except that the first character may be a minus sign '-' ('\u002d') or plus sign '+' ('\u002B') provided that the string is longer than length 1.
The value represented by the string is not a value of type long.

Examples:

 parseLong("0", 10) returns 0L
 parseLong("473", 10) returns 473L
 parseLong("+42", 10) returns 42L
 parseLong("-0", 10) returns 0L
 parseLong("-FF", 16) returns -255L
 parseLong("1100110", 2) returns 102L
 parseLong("99", 8) throws a NumberFormatException
 parseLong("Hazelnut", 10) throws a NumberFormatException
 parseLong("Hazelnut", 36) returns 1356099454469L

Parameters
`s`	`String`: the `String` containing the `long` representation to be parsed.
`radix`	`int`: the radix to be used while parsing `s`.

Returns
`long`	the `long` represented by the string argument in the specified radix.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the string does not contain a parsable `long`.

parseLong

Added in API level 1

public static long parseLong (String s)

Parses the string argument as a signed decimal long. The characters in the string must all be decimal digits, except that the first character may be an ASCII minus sign '-' (\u002D') to indicate a negative value or an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B') to indicate a positive value. The resulting long value is returned, exactly as if the argument and the radix 10 were given as arguments to the parseLong(java.lang.String, int) method.

Parameters
`s`	`String`: a `String` containing the `long` representation to be parsed

Returns
`long`	the `long` represented by the argument in decimal.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the string does not contain a parsable `long`.

parseUnsignedLong

Added in API level 26

public static long parseUnsignedLong (String s, 
                int radix)

Parses the string argument as an unsigned long in the radix specified by the second argument. An unsigned integer maps the values usually associated with negative numbers to positive numbers larger than MAX_VALUE. The characters in the string must all be digits of the specified radix (as determined by whether Character.digit(char, int) returns a nonnegative value), except that the first character may be an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B'). The resulting integer value is returned.

An exception of type NumberFormatException is thrown if any of the following situations occurs:

The first argument is null or is a string of length zero.
The radix is either smaller than Character.MIN_RADIX or larger than Character.MAX_RADIX.
Any character of the string is not a digit of the specified radix, except that the first character may be a plus sign '+' ('\u002B') provided that the string is longer than length 1.
The value represented by the string is larger than the largest unsigned long, 2⁶⁴-1.

Parameters
`s`	`String`: the `String` containing the unsigned integer representation to be parsed
`radix`	`int`: the radix to be used while parsing `s`.

Returns
`long`	the unsigned `long` represented by the string argument in the specified radix.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the `String` does not contain a parsable `long`.

parseUnsignedLong

Added in API level 26

public static long parseUnsignedLong (String s)

Parses the string argument as an unsigned decimal long. The characters in the string must all be decimal digits, except that the first character may be an ASCII plus sign '+' ('\u002B'). The resulting integer value is returned, exactly as if the argument and the radix 10 were given as arguments to the parseUnsignedLong(java.lang.String, int) method.

Parameters
`s`	`String`: a `String` containing the unsigned `long` representation to be parsed

Returns
`long`	the unsigned `long` value represented by the decimal string argument

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	if the string does not contain a parsable unsigned integer.

parseUnsignedLong

Added in API level 33

public static long parseUnsignedLong (CharSequence s, 
                int beginIndex, 
                int endIndex, 
                int radix)

Parses the CharSequence argument as an unsigned long in the specified radix, beginning at the specified beginIndex and extending to endIndex - 1.

The method does not take steps to guard against the CharSequence being mutated while parsing.

Parameters
`s`	`CharSequence`: the `CharSequence` containing the unsigned `long` representation to be parsed
`beginIndex`	`int`: the beginning index, inclusive.
`endIndex`	`int`: the ending index, exclusive.
`radix`	`int`: the radix to be used while parsing `s`.

Returns
`long`	the unsigned `long` represented by the subsequence in the specified radix.

Throws
`NullPointerException`	if `s` is null.
`IndexOutOfBoundsException`	if `beginIndex` is negative, or if `beginIndex` is greater than `endIndex` or if `endIndex` is greater than `s.length()`.
`NumberFormatException`	if the `CharSequence` does not contain a parsable unsigned `long` in the specified `radix`, or if `radix` is either smaller than `Character.MIN_RADIX` or larger than `Character.MAX_RADIX`.

remainderUnsigned

Added in API level 26

public static long remainderUnsigned (long dividend, 
                long divisor)

Returns the unsigned remainder from dividing the first argument by the second where each argument and the result is interpreted as an unsigned value.

Parameters
`dividend`	`long`: the value to be divided
`divisor`	`long`: the value doing the dividing

Returns
`long`	the unsigned remainder of the first argument divided by the second argument

See also:

divideUnsigned(long, long)

reverse

Added in API level 1

public static long reverse (long i)

Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bits in the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value to be reversed

Returns
`long`	the value obtained by reversing order of the bits in the specified `long` value.

reverseBytes

Added in API level 1

public static long reverseBytes (long i)

Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the two's complement representation of the specified long value.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bytes are to be reversed

Returns
`long`	the value obtained by reversing the bytes in the specified `long` value.

rotateLeft

Added in API level 1

public static long rotateLeft (long i, 
                int distance)

Returns the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value left by the specified number of bits. (Bits shifted out of the left hand, or high-order, side reenter on the right, or low-order.)

Note that left rotation with a negative distance is equivalent to right rotation: rotateLeft(val, -distance) == rotateRight(val, distance). Note also that rotation by any multiple of 64 is a no-op, so all but the last six bits of the rotation distance can be ignored, even if the distance is negative: rotateLeft(val, distance) == rotateLeft(val, distance & 0x3F).

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bits are to be rotated left
`distance`	`int`: the number of bit positions to rotate left

Returns
`long`	the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value left by the specified number of bits.

rotateRight

Added in API level 1

public static long rotateRight (long i, 
                int distance)

Returns the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified long value right by the specified number of bits. (Bits shifted out of the right hand, or low-order, side reenter on the left, or high-order.)

Note that right rotation with a negative distance is equivalent to left rotation: rotateRight(val, -distance) == rotateLeft(val, distance). Note also that rotation by any multiple of 64 is a no-op, so all but the last six bits of the rotation distance can be ignored, even if the distance is negative: rotateRight(val, distance) == rotateRight(val, distance & 0x3F).

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose bits are to be rotated right
`distance`	`int`: the number of bit positions to rotate right

Returns
`long`	the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary representation of the specified `long` value right by the specified number of bits.

shortValue

Added in API level 1

public short shortValue ()

Returns the value of this Long as a short after a narrowing primitive conversion.

Returns
`short`	the numeric value represented by this object after conversion to type `short`.

signum

Added in API level 1

public static int signum (long i)

Returns the signum function of the specified long value. (The return value is -1 if the specified value is negative; 0 if the specified value is zero; and 1 if the specified value is positive.)

Parameters
`i`	`long`: the value whose signum is to be computed

Returns
`int`	the signum function of the specified `long` value.

sum

Added in API level 24

public static long sum (long a, 
                long b)

Adds two long values together as per the + operator.

Parameters
`a`	`long`: the first operand
`b`	`long`: the second operand

Returns
`long`	the sum of `a` and `b`

See also:

BinaryOperator

toBinaryString

Added in API level 1

public static String toBinaryString (long i)

Returns a string representation of the long argument as an unsigned integer in base 2.

The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2⁶⁴ if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in binary (base 2) with no extra leading 0s.

The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned string s by calling 2).

If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a single zero character '0' ('\u0030'); otherwise, the first character of the representation of the unsigned magnitude will not be the zero character. The characters '0' ('\u0030') and '1' ('\u0031') are used as binary digits.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: a `long` to be converted to a string.

Returns
`String`	the string representation of the unsigned `long` value represented by the argument in binary (base 2).

See also:

toHexString

Added in API level 1

public static String toHexString (long i)

Returns a string representation of the long argument as an unsigned integer in base 16.

The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2⁶⁴ if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in hexadecimal (base 16) with no extra leading 0s.

The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned string s by calling 16).

If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a single zero character '0' ('\u0030'); otherwise, the first character of the representation of the unsigned magnitude will not be the zero character. The following characters are used as hexadecimal digits:

0123456789abcdef

These are the characters '\u0030' through '\u0039' and '\u0061' through '\u0066'. If uppercase letters are desired, the String.toUpperCase() method may be called on the result:

Long.toHexString(n).toUpperCase()

Parameters
`i`	`long`: a `long` to be converted to a string.

Returns
`String`	the string representation of the unsigned `long` value represented by the argument in hexadecimal (base 16).

See also:

toOctalString

Added in API level 1

public static String toOctalString (long i)

Returns a string representation of the long argument as an unsigned integer in base 8.

The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2⁶⁴ if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in octal (base 8) with no extra leading 0s.

The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned string s by calling 8).

01234567

These are the characters '\u0030' through '\u0037'.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: a `long` to be converted to a string.

Returns
`String`	the string representation of the unsigned `long` value represented by the argument in octal (base 8).

See also:

toString

Added in API level 1

public static String toString (long i, 
                int radix)

Returns a string representation of the first argument in the radix specified by the second argument.

If the radix is smaller than Character.MIN_RADIX or larger than Character.MAX_RADIX, then the radix 10 is used instead.

If the first argument is negative, the first element of the result is the ASCII minus sign '-' ('\u002d'). If the first argument is not negative, no sign character appears in the result.

The remaining characters of the result represent the magnitude of the first argument. If the magnitude is zero, it is represented by a single zero character '0' ('\u0030'); otherwise, the first character of the representation of the magnitude will not be the zero character. The following ASCII characters are used as digits:

0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

These are '\u0030' through '\u0039' and '\u0061' through '\u007a'. If radix is N, then the first N of these characters are used as radix-N digits in the order shown. Thus, the digits for hexadecimal (radix 16) are 0123456789abcdef. If uppercase letters are desired, the String.toUpperCase() method may be called on the result:

Long.toString(n, 16).toUpperCase()

Parameters
`i`	`long`: a `long` to be converted to a string.
`radix`	`int`: the radix to use in the string representation.

Returns
`String`	a string representation of the argument in the specified radix.

See also:

toString

Added in API level 1

public String toString ()

Returns a String object representing this Long's value. The value is converted to signed decimal representation and returned as a string, exactly as if the long value were given as an argument to the toString(long) method.

Returns
`String`	a string representation of the value of this object in base 10.

toString

Added in API level 1

public static String toString (long i)

Returns a String object representing the specified long. The argument is converted to signed decimal representation and returned as a string, exactly as if the argument and the radix 10 were given as arguments to the toString(long, int) method.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: a `long` to be converted.

Returns
`String`	a string representation of the argument in base 10.

toUnsignedString

Added in API level 26

public static String toUnsignedString (long i)

Returns a string representation of the argument as an unsigned decimal value. The argument is converted to unsigned decimal representation and returned as a string exactly as if the argument and radix 10 were given as arguments to the toUnsignedString(long, int) method.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: an integer to be converted to an unsigned string.

Returns
`String`	an unsigned string representation of the argument.

See also:

toUnsignedString(long, int)

toUnsignedString

Added in API level 26

public static String toUnsignedString (long i, 
                int radix)

Returns a string representation of the first argument as an unsigned integer value in the radix specified by the second argument.

If the radix is smaller than Character.MIN_RADIX or larger than Character.MAX_RADIX, then the radix 10 is used instead.

Note that since the first argument is treated as an unsigned value, no leading sign character is printed.

If the magnitude is zero, it is represented by a single zero character '0' ('\u0030'); otherwise, the first character of the representation of the magnitude will not be the zero character.

The behavior of radixes and the characters used as digits are the same as toString.

Parameters
`i`	`long`: an integer to be converted to an unsigned string.
`radix`	`int`: the radix to use in the string representation.

Returns
`String`	an unsigned string representation of the argument in the specified radix.

See also:

toString(long, int)

valueOf

Added in API level 1

public static Long valueOf (String s)

Returns a Long object holding the value of the specified String. The argument is interpreted as representing a signed decimal long, exactly as if the argument were given to the parseLong(java.lang.String) method. The result is a Long object that represents the integer value specified by the string.

In other words, this method returns a Long object equal to the value of:

Long.valueOf(Long.parseLong(s))

Parameters
`s`	`String`: the string to be parsed.

Returns
`Long`	a `Long` object holding the value represented by the string argument.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	If the string cannot be parsed as a `long`.

valueOf

Added in API level 1

public static Long valueOf (String s, 
                int radix)

Returns a Long object holding the value extracted from the specified String when parsed with the radix given by the second argument. The first argument is interpreted as representing a signed long in the radix specified by the second argument, exactly as if the arguments were given to the parseLong(java.lang.String, int) method. The result is a Long object that represents the long value specified by the string.

In other words, this method returns a Long object equal to the value of:

Long.valueOf(Long.parseLong(s, radix))

Parameters
`s`	`String`: the string to be parsed
`radix`	`int`: the radix to be used in interpreting `s`

Returns
`Long`	a `Long` object holding the value represented by the string argument in the specified radix.

Throws
`NumberFormatException`	If the `String` does not contain a parsable `long`.

valueOf

Added in API level 1

public static Long valueOf (long l)

Returns a Long instance representing the specified long value. If a new Long instance is not required, this method should generally be used in preference to the constructor Long(long), as this method is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance by caching frequently requested values. This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127, inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.

Parameters
`l`	`long`: a long value.

Returns
`Long`	a `Long` instance representing `l`.