KeyProtection

public final class KeyProtection
extends Object implements KeyStore.ProtectionParameter

java.lang.Object
   ↳ android.security.keystore.KeyProtection

Specification of how a key or key pair is secured when imported into the Android Keystore system. This class specifies authorized uses of the imported key, such as whether user authentication is required for using the key, what operations the key is authorized for (e.g., decryption, but not signing) with what parameters (e.g., only with a particular padding scheme or digest), and the key's validity start and end dates. Key use authorizations expressed in this class apply only to secret keys and private keys -- public keys can be used for any supported operations.

To import a key or key pair into the Android Keystore, create an instance of this class using the Builder and pass the instance into KeyStore.setEntry with the key or key pair being imported.

To obtain the secret/symmetric or private key from the Android Keystore use KeyStore.getKey(String, null) or KeyStore.getEntry(String, null). To obtain the public key from the Android Keystore use KeyStore.getCertificate(String) and then Certificate#getPublicKey().

To help obtain algorithm-specific public parameters of key pairs stored in the Android Keystore, its private keys implement ECKey or RSAKey interfaces whereas its public keys implement ECPublicKey or RSAPublicKey interfaces.

NOTE: The key material of keys stored in the Android Keystore is not accessible.

Instances of this class are immutable.

Known issues

A known bug in Android 6.0 (API Level 23) causes user authentication-related authorizations to be enforced even for public keys. To work around this issue extract the public key material to use outside of Android Keystore. For example: 
 PublicKey unrestrictedPublicKey =
         KeyFactory.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm()).generatePublic(
                 new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicKey.getEncoded()));

Example: AES key for encryption/decryption in GCM mode

This example illustrates how to import an AES key into the Android KeyStore under alias key1 authorized to be used only for encryption/decryption in GCM mode with no padding. The key must export its key material via Key#getEncoded() in RAW format. 
 SecretKey key = ...; // AES key

 KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore");
 keyStore.load(null);
 keyStore.setEntry(
         "key1",
         new KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry(key),
         new KeyProtection.Builder(KeyProperties.PURPOSE_ENCRYPT | KeyProperties.PURPOSE_DECRYPT)
                 .setBlockMode(KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_GCM)
                 .setEncryptionPaddings(KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_NONE)
                 .build());
 // Key imported, obtain a reference to it.
 SecretKey keyStoreKey = (SecretKey) keyStore.getKey("key1", null);
 // The original key can now be discarded.

 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
 cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keyStoreKey);
 ...

Example: HMAC key for generating MACs using SHA-512

This example illustrates how to import an HMAC key into the Android KeyStore under alias key1 authorized to be used only for generating MACs using SHA-512 digest. The key must export its key material via Key#getEncoded() in RAW format. 
 SecretKey key = ...; // HMAC key of algorithm "HmacSHA512".

 KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore");
 keyStore.load(null);
 keyStore.setEntry(
         "key1",
         new KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry(key),
         new KeyProtection.Builder(KeyProperties.PURPOSE_SIGN).build());
 // Key imported, obtain a reference to it.
 SecretKey keyStoreKey = (SecretKey) keyStore.getKey("key1", null);
 // The original key can now be discarded.

 Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA512");
 mac.init(keyStoreKey);
 ...

Example: EC key pair for signing/verification using ECDSA

This example illustrates how to import an EC key pair into the Android KeyStore under alias key2 with the private key authorized to be used only for signing with SHA-256 or SHA-512 digests. The use of the public key is unrestricted. Both the private and the public key must export their key material via Key#getEncoded() in PKCS#8 and X.509 format respectively. 
 PrivateKey privateKey = ...;   // EC private key
 Certificate[] certChain = ...; // Certificate chain with the first certificate
                                // containing the corresponding EC public key.

 KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore");
 keyStore.load(null);
 keyStore.setEntry(
         "key2",
         new KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry(privateKey, certChain),
         new KeyProtection.Builder(KeyProperties.PURPOSE_SIGN)
                 .setDigests(KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA256, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA512)
                 .build());
 // Key pair imported, obtain a reference to it.
 PrivateKey keyStorePrivateKey = (PrivateKey) keyStore.getKey("key2", null);
 PublicKey publicKey = keyStore.getCertificate("key2").getPublicKey();
 // The original private key can now be discarded.

 Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA256withECDSA");
 signature.initSign(keyStorePrivateKey);
 ...

Example: RSA key pair for signing/verification using PKCS#1 padding

This example illustrates how to import an RSA key pair into the Android KeyStore under alias key2 with the private key authorized to be used only for signing using the PKCS#1 signature padding scheme with SHA-256 digest and only if the user has been authenticated within the last ten minutes. The use of the public key is unrestricted (see Known Issues). Both the private and the public key must export their key material via Key#getEncoded() in PKCS#8 and X.509 format respectively. 
 PrivateKey privateKey = ...;   // RSA private key
 Certificate[] certChain = ...; // Certificate chain with the first certificate
                                // containing the corresponding RSA public key.

 KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore");
 keyStore.load(null);
 keyStore.setEntry(
         "key2",
         new KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry(privateKey, certChain),
         new KeyProtection.Builder(KeyProperties.PURPOSE_SIGN)
                 .setDigests(KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA256)
                 .setSignaturePaddings(KeyProperties.SIGNATURE_PADDING_RSA_PKCS1)
                 // Only permit this key to be used if the user
                 // authenticated within the last ten minutes.
                 .setUserAuthenticationRequired(true)
                 .setUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds(10 * 60)
                 .build());
 // Key pair imported, obtain a reference to it.
 PrivateKey keyStorePrivateKey = (PrivateKey) keyStore.getKey("key2", null);
 PublicKey publicKey = keyStore.getCertificate("key2").getPublicKey();
 // The original private key can now be discarded.

 Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA256withRSA");
 signature.initSign(keyStorePrivateKey);
 ...

Example: RSA key pair for encryption/decryption using PKCS#1 padding

This example illustrates how to import an RSA key pair into the Android KeyStore under alias key2 with the private key authorized to be used only for decryption using the PKCS#1 encryption padding scheme. The use of public key is unrestricted, thus permitting encryption using any padding schemes and digests. Both the private and the public key must export their key material via Key#getEncoded() in PKCS#8 and X.509 format respectively. 
 PrivateKey privateKey = ...;   // RSA private key
 Certificate[] certChain = ...; // Certificate chain with the first certificate
                                // containing the corresponding RSA public key.

 KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore");
 keyStore.load(null);
 keyStore.setEntry(
         "key2",
         new KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry(privateKey, certChain),
         new KeyProtection.Builder(KeyProperties.PURPOSE_DECRYPT)
                 .setEncryptionPaddings(KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_RSA_PKCS1)
                 .build());
 // Key pair imported, obtain a reference to it.
 PrivateKey keyStorePrivateKey = (PrivateKey) keyStore.getKey("key2", null);
 PublicKey publicKey = keyStore.getCertificate("key2").getPublicKey();
 // The original private key can now be discarded.

 Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
 cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyStorePrivateKey);
 ...

Summary

Nested classes

class KeyProtection.Builder

Builder of KeyProtection instances. 

Public methods

String[] getBlockModes()

Gets the set of block modes (e.g., GCM, CBC) with which the key can be used when encrypting/decrypting.

String[] getDigests()

Gets the set of digest algorithms (e.g., SHA-256, SHA-384) with which the key can be used.

String[] getEncryptionPaddings()

Gets the set of padding schemes (e.g., PKCS7Padding, PKCS1Padding, NoPadding) with which the key can be used when encrypting/decrypting.

Date getKeyValidityForConsumptionEnd()

Gets the time instant after which the key is no long valid for decryption and verification.

Date getKeyValidityForOriginationEnd()

Gets the time instant after which the key is no long valid for encryption and signing.

Date getKeyValidityStart()

Gets the time instant before which the key is not yet valid.

int getMaxUsageCount()

Returns the maximum number of times the limited use key is allowed to be used or KeyProperties#UNRESTRICTED_USAGE_COUNT if there\u2019s no restriction on the number of times the key can be used.

Set<String> getMgf1Digests()

Returns the set of digests that can be used by the MGF1 mask generation function (e.g., SHA-256, SHA-384) with the key.

int getPurposes()

Gets the set of purposes (e.g., encrypt, decrypt, sign) for which the key can be used.

String[] getSignaturePaddings()

Gets the set of padding schemes (e.g., PSS, PKCS#1) with which the key can be used when signing/verifying.

int getUserAuthenticationType()

int getUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds()

Gets the duration of time (seconds) for which this key is authorized to be used after the user is successfully authenticated.

boolean isDigestsSpecified()

Returns true if the set of digest algorithms with which the key can be used has been specified.

boolean isInvalidatedByBiometricEnrollment()

Returns true if the key is irreversibly invalidated when a new biometric is enrolled or all enrolled biometrics are removed.

boolean isMgf1DigestsSpecified()

Returns true if the set of digests for the MGF1 mask generation function, with which the key can be used, has been specified.

boolean isRandomizedEncryptionRequired()

Returns true if encryption using this key must be sufficiently randomized to produce different ciphertexts for the same plaintext every time.

boolean isUnlockedDeviceRequired()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only while the device is unlocked.

boolean isUserAuthenticationRequired()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only if the user has been authenticated.

boolean isUserAuthenticationValidWhileOnBody()

Returns true if the key will be de-authorized when the device is removed from the user's body.

boolean isUserConfirmationRequired()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only for messages confirmed by the user.

boolean isUserPresenceRequired()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only if a test of user presence has been performed between the Signature.initSign() and Signature.sign() calls.

Inherited methods

Public methods

getBlockModes

Added in API level 23 
public String[] getBlockModes ()

Gets the set of block modes (e.g., GCM, CBC) with which the key can be used when encrypting/decrypting. Attempts to use the key with any other block modes will be rejected.

See KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE constants.

Returns
String[] This value cannot be null. Value is KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_ECB, KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_CBC, KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_CTR, or KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_GCM

getDigests

Added in API level 23 
public String[] getDigests ()

Gets the set of digest algorithms (e.g., SHA-256, SHA-384) with which the key can be used.

See KeyProperties.DIGEST constants.

Returns
String[] This value cannot be null. Value is KeyProperties.DIGEST_NONE, KeyProperties.DIGEST_MD5, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA1, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA224, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA256, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA384, or KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA512
Throws
IllegalStateException if this set has not been specified.

getEncryptionPaddings

Added in API level 23 
public String[] getEncryptionPaddings ()

Gets the set of padding schemes (e.g., PKCS7Padding, PKCS1Padding, NoPadding) with which the key can be used when encrypting/decrypting. Attempts to use the key with any other padding scheme will be rejected.

See KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING constants.

Returns
String[] This value cannot be null. Value is KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_NONE, KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_PKCS7, KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_RSA_PKCS1, or KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_RSA_OAEP

getKeyValidityForConsumptionEnd

Added in API level 23 
public Date getKeyValidityForConsumptionEnd ()

Gets the time instant after which the key is no long valid for decryption and verification.

Returns
Date instant or null if not restricted.

getKeyValidityForOriginationEnd

Added in API level 23 
public Date getKeyValidityForOriginationEnd ()

Gets the time instant after which the key is no long valid for encryption and signing.

Returns
Date instant or null if not restricted.

getKeyValidityStart

Added in API level 23 
public Date getKeyValidityStart ()

Gets the time instant before which the key is not yet valid.

Returns
Date instant or null if not restricted.

getMaxUsageCount

Added in API level 31 
public int getMaxUsageCount ()

Returns the maximum number of times the limited use key is allowed to be used or KeyProperties#UNRESTRICTED_USAGE_COUNT if there\u2019s no restriction on the number of times the key can be used.

Returns
int

getMgf1Digests

Added in API level 35 
public Set<String> getMgf1Digests ()

Returns the set of digests that can be used by the MGF1 mask generation function (e.g., SHA-256, SHA-384) with the key. Useful with the RSA-OAEP scheme. If not explicitly specified during key generation, the default SHA-1 digest is used and may be specified.

See KeyProperties.DIGEST constants.

Returns
Set<String> This value cannot be null. Value is KeyProperties.DIGEST_NONE, KeyProperties.DIGEST_MD5, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA1, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA224, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA256, KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA384, or KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA512
Throws
IllegalStateException if this set has not been specified.

getPurposes

Added in API level 23 
public int getPurposes ()

Gets the set of purposes (e.g., encrypt, decrypt, sign) for which the key can be used. Attempts to use the key for any other purpose will be rejected.

See KeyProperties.PURPOSE flags.

Returns
int Value is either 0 or a combination of KeyProperties.PURPOSE_ENCRYPT, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_DECRYPT, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_SIGN, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_VERIFY, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_WRAP_KEY, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_AGREE_KEY, and KeyProperties.PURPOSE_ATTEST_KEY

getSignaturePaddings

Added in API level 23 
public String[] getSignaturePaddings ()

Gets the set of padding schemes (e.g., PSS, PKCS#1) with which the key can be used when signing/verifying. Attempts to use the key with any other padding scheme will be rejected.

See KeyProperties.SIGNATURE_PADDING constants.

Returns
String[] This value cannot be null. Value is KeyProperties.SIGNATURE_PADDING_RSA_PKCS1, or KeyProperties.SIGNATURE_PADDING_RSA_PSS

getUserAuthenticationType

Added in API level 30 
public int getUserAuthenticationType ()

Returns
int Value is either 0 or a combination of KeyProperties.AUTH_BIOMETRIC_STRONG, and KeyProperties.AUTH_DEVICE_CREDENTIAL

getUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds

Added in API level 23 
public int getUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds ()

Gets the duration of time (seconds) for which this key is authorized to be used after the user is successfully authenticated. This has effect only if user authentication is required (see isUserAuthenticationRequired()).

This authorization applies only to secret key and private key operations. Public key operations are not restricted.

Returns
int duration in seconds or -1 if authentication is required for every use of the key.

isDigestsSpecified

Added in API level 23 
public boolean isDigestsSpecified ()

Returns true if the set of digest algorithms with which the key can be used has been specified.

Returns
boolean

See also:

isInvalidatedByBiometricEnrollment

Added in API level 24 
public boolean isInvalidatedByBiometricEnrollment ()

Returns true if the key is irreversibly invalidated when a new biometric is enrolled or all enrolled biometrics are removed. This has effect only for keys that require biometric user authentication for every use.

Returns
boolean

isMgf1DigestsSpecified

Added in API level 35 
public boolean isMgf1DigestsSpecified ()

Returns true if the set of digests for the MGF1 mask generation function, with which the key can be used, has been specified. Useful with the RSA-OAEP scheme.

Returns
boolean This value cannot be null.

See also:

isRandomizedEncryptionRequired

Added in API level 23 
public boolean isRandomizedEncryptionRequired ()

Returns true if encryption using this key must be sufficiently randomized to produce different ciphertexts for the same plaintext every time. The formal cryptographic property being required is indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack (IND-CPA). This property is important because it mitigates several classes of weaknesses due to which ciphertext may leak information about plaintext. For example, if a given plaintext always produces the same ciphertext, an attacker may see the repeated ciphertexts and be able to deduce something about the plaintext.

Returns
boolean

isUnlockedDeviceRequired

Added in API level 28 
public boolean isUnlockedDeviceRequired ()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only while the device is unlocked.

Returns
boolean

isUserAuthenticationRequired

Added in API level 23 
public boolean isUserAuthenticationRequired ()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only if the user has been authenticated.

This authorization applies only to secret key and private key operations. Public key operations are not restricted.

Returns
boolean

isUserAuthenticationValidWhileOnBody

Added in API level 24 
public boolean isUserAuthenticationValidWhileOnBody ()

Returns true if the key will be de-authorized when the device is removed from the user's body. This option has no effect on keys that don't have an authentication validity duration, and has no effect if the device lacks an on-body sensor.

Authorization applies only to secret key and private key operations. Public key operations are not restricted.

Returns
boolean

isUserConfirmationRequired

Added in API level 28 
public boolean isUserConfirmationRequired ()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only for messages confirmed by the user. Confirmation is separate from user authentication (see isUserAuthenticationRequired()). Keys can be created that require confirmation but not user authentication, or user authentication but not confirmation, or both. Confirmation verifies that some user with physical possession of the device has approved a displayed message. User authentication verifies that the correct user is present and has authenticated.

This authorization applies only to secret key and private key operations. Public key operations are not restricted.

Returns
boolean

isUserPresenceRequired

Added in API level 28 
public boolean isUserPresenceRequired ()

Returns true if the key is authorized to be used only if a test of user presence has been performed between the Signature.initSign() and Signature.sign() calls. It requires that the KeyStore implementation have a direct way to validate the user presence for example a KeyStore hardware backed strongbox can use a button press that is observable in hardware. A test for user presence is tangential to authentication. The test can be part of an authentication step as long as this step can be validated by the hardware protecting the key and cannot be spoofed. For example, a physical button press can be used as a test of user presence if the other pins connected to the button are not able to simulate a button press. There must be no way for the primary processor to fake a button press, or that button must not be used as a test of user presence.

Returns
boolean