JobService
public
abstract
class
JobService
extends Service
java.lang.Object | ||||
↳ | android.content.Context | |||
↳ | android.content.ContextWrapper | |||
↳ | android.app.Service | |||
↳ | android.app.job.JobService |
Entry point for the callback from the JobScheduler
.
This is the base class that handles asynchronous requests that were previously scheduled. You
are responsible for overriding JobService.onStartJob(JobParameters)
, which is where
you will implement your job logic.
This service executes each incoming job on a Handler
running on your
application's main thread. This means that you must offload your execution logic to
another thread/handler/AsyncTask
of your choosing. Not doing so will result
in blocking any future callbacks from the JobScheduler - specifically
onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
, which is meant to inform you that the
scheduling requirements are no longer being met.
Since the introduction of JobScheduler, if an app did not return from
onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
within several seconds, JobScheduler would consider the app
unresponsive and clean up job execution. In such cases, the app was no longer considered
to be running a job and therefore did not have any of the job lifecycle guarantees outlined
in JobScheduler
. However, prior to Android version
Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE
, the failure and cleanup were silent
and apps had no indication that they no longer had job lifecycle guarantees.
Starting with Android version Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE
,
JobScheduler will explicitly trigger an ANR in such cases so that apps and developers
can be aware of the issue.
Similar behavior applies to the return time from onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
as well.
If you see ANRs, then the app may be doing too much work on the UI thread. Ensure that
potentially long operations are moved to a worker thread.
As a subclass of Service
, there will only be one active instance of any JobService
subclasses, regardless of job ID. This means that if you schedule multiple jobs with different
job IDs but using the same JobService class, that JobService may receive multiple calls to
onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
and onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
, with each call being
for the separate jobs.
Summary
Constants | |
---|---|
int |
JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_DETACH
Detach the notification supplied to
|
int |
JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_REMOVE
Cancel and remove the notification supplied to
|
String |
PERMISSION_BIND
Job services must be protected with this permission: <service android:name="MyJobService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" > ... |
Inherited constants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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From class
android.app.Service
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From class
android.content.Context
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From interface
android.content.ComponentCallbacks2
|
Public constructors | |
---|---|
JobService()
|
Public methods | |
---|---|
final
void
|
jobFinished(JobParameters params, boolean wantsReschedule)
Call this to inform the JobScheduler that the job has finished its work. |
void
|
onNetworkChanged(JobParameters params)
This method is called that for a job that has a network constraint when the network to be used by the job changes. |
abstract
boolean
|
onStartJob(JobParameters params)
Called to indicate that the job has begun executing. |
abstract
boolean
|
onStopJob(JobParameters params)
This method is called if the system has determined that you must stop execution of your job
even before you've had a chance to call |
final
void
|
setNotification(JobParameters params, int notificationId, Notification notification, int jobEndNotificationPolicy)
Provide JobScheduler with a notification to post and tie to this job's lifecycle. |
final
void
|
updateEstimatedNetworkBytes(JobParameters params, JobWorkItem jobWorkItem, long downloadBytes, long uploadBytes)
Update the amount of data this JobWorkItem is estimated to transfer after the job has started. |
final
void
|
updateEstimatedNetworkBytes(JobParameters params, long downloadBytes, long uploadBytes)
Update the amount of data this job is estimated to transfer after the job has started. |
final
void
|
updateTransferredNetworkBytes(JobParameters params, long transferredDownloadBytes, long transferredUploadBytes)
Tell JobScheduler how much data has successfully been transferred for the data transfer job. |
final
void
|
updateTransferredNetworkBytes(JobParameters params, JobWorkItem item, long transferredDownloadBytes, long transferredUploadBytes)
Tell JobScheduler how much data has been transferred for the data transfer
|
Inherited methods | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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From class
android.app.Service
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From class
android.content.ContextWrapper
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From class
android.content.Context
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From class
java.lang.Object
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From interface
android.content.ComponentCallbacks2
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From interface
android.content.ComponentCallbacks
|
Constants
JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_DETACH
public static final int JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_DETACH
Detach the notification supplied to
setNotification(android.app.job.JobParameters, int, android.app.Notification, int)
when the job ends.
The notification will remain shown even after JobScheduler stops the job.
Constant Value: 0 (0x00000000)
JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_REMOVE
public static final int JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_REMOVE
Cancel and remove the notification supplied to
setNotification(android.app.job.JobParameters, int, android.app.Notification, int)
when the job ends.
The notification will be removed from the notification shade.
Constant Value: 1 (0x00000001)
PERMISSION_BIND
public static final String PERMISSION_BIND
Job services must be protected with this permission:
<service android:name="MyJobService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" > ... </service>
If a job service is declared in the manifest but not protected with this permission, that service will be ignored by the system.
Constant Value: "android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"
Public constructors
JobService
public JobService ()
Public methods
jobFinished
public final void jobFinished (JobParameters params, boolean wantsReschedule)
Call this to inform the JobScheduler that the job has finished its work. When the
system receives this message, it releases the wakelock being held for the job.
This does not need to be called if onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
has been called.
You can request that the job be scheduled again by passing true
as
the wantsReschedule
parameter. This will apply back-off policy
for the job; this policy can be adjusted through the
JobInfo.Builder.setBackoffCriteria(long, int)
method
when the job is originally scheduled. The job's initial
requirements are preserved when jobs are rescheduled, regardless of backed-off
policy.
A job running while the device is dozing will not be rescheduled with the normal back-off policy. Instead, the job will be re-added to the queue and executed again during a future idle maintenance window.
Any user-initiated job
cannot be rescheduled when the user has asked to stop the app
via a system provided affordance (such as the Task Manager).
In such situations, the value of wantsReschedule
is always treated as false
.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : The parameters identifying this job, as supplied to
the job in the onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters) callback. |
wantsReschedule |
boolean : true if this job should be rescheduled according
to the back-off criteria specified when it was first scheduled; false
otherwise. When false is returned for a periodic job,
the job will be rescheduled according to its periodic policy. |
onNetworkChanged
public void onNetworkChanged (JobParameters params)
This method is called that for a job that has a network constraint when the network
to be used by the job changes. The new network object will be available via
JobParameters.getNetwork()
. Any network that results in this method call will
match the job's requested network constraints.
For example, if a device is on a metered mobile network and then connects to an unmetered WiFi network, and the job has indicated that both networks satisfy its network constraint, then this method will be called to notify the job of the new unmetered WiFi network.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : The parameters identifying this job, similar to what was supplied to the job in
the onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters) callback, but with an updated network.
This value cannot be null . |
onStartJob
public abstract boolean onStartJob (JobParameters params)
Called to indicate that the job has begun executing. Override this method with the logic for your job. Like all other component lifecycle callbacks, this method executes on your application's main thread.
Return true
from this method if your job needs to continue running. If you
do this, the job remains active until you call
jobFinished(android.app.job.JobParameters, boolean)
to tell the system that it has completed
its work, or until the job's required constraints are no longer satisfied. For
example, if the job was scheduled using
setRequiresCharging(true)
,
it will be immediately halted by the system if the user unplugs the device from power,
the job's onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
callback will be invoked, and the app
will be expected to shut down all ongoing work connected with that job.
The system holds a wakelock on behalf of your app as long as your job is executing.
This wakelock is acquired before this method is invoked, and is not released until either
you call jobFinished(android.app.job.JobParameters, boolean)
, or after the system invokes
onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
to notify your job that it is being shut down
prematurely.
Returning false
from this method means your job is already finished. The
system's wakelock for the job will be released, and onStopJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
will not be invoked.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : Parameters specifying info about this job, including the optional
extras configured with JobInfo.Builder.setExtras(android.os.PersistableBundle) .
This object serves to identify this specific running job instance when calling
jobFinished(android.app.job.JobParameters, boolean) . |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true if your service will continue running, using a separate thread
when appropriate. false means that this job has completed its work. |
onStopJob
public abstract boolean onStopJob (JobParameters params)
This method is called if the system has determined that you must stop execution of your job
even before you've had a chance to call jobFinished(android.app.job.JobParameters, boolean)
.
Once this method is called, you no longer need to call
jobFinished(android.app.job.JobParameters, boolean)
.
This may happen if the requirements specified at schedule time are no longer met. For
example you may have requested WiFi with
JobInfo.Builder.setRequiredNetworkType(int)
, yet while your
job was executing the user toggled WiFi. Another example is if you had specified
JobInfo.Builder.setRequiresDeviceIdle(boolean)
, and the phone left
its idle state. There are many other reasons a job can be stopped early besides
constraints no longer being satisfied. JobParameters.getStopReason()
will return the
reason this method was called. You are solely responsible for the behavior of your
application upon receipt of this message; your app will likely start to misbehave if you
ignore it.
Once this method returns (or times out), the system releases the wakelock that it is holding on behalf of the job.
Any user-initiated job
cannot be rescheduled when stopped by the user via a system provided affordance (such as
the Task Manager). In such situations, the returned value from this method call is always
treated as false
.
Note: When a job is stopped and rescheduled via this method call, the deadline constraint is excluded from the rescheduled job's constraint set. The rescheduled job will run again once all remaining constraints are satisfied.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : The parameters identifying this job, similar to what was supplied to the job in
the onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters) callback, but with the stop reason
included. |
Returns | |
---|---|
boolean |
true to indicate to the JobScheduler whether you'd like to reschedule
this job based on the retry criteria provided at job creation-time; or false
to end the job entirely (or, for a periodic job, to reschedule it according to its
requested periodic criteria). Regardless of the value returned, your job must stop executing. |
setNotification
public final void setNotification (JobParameters params, int notificationId, Notification notification, int jobEndNotificationPolicy)
Provide JobScheduler with a notification to post and tie to this job's lifecycle.
This is only required for those user-initiated jobs which return true
via
JobParameters.isUserInitiatedJob()
.
If the app does not call this method for a required notification within
10 seconds after onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters)
is called,
the system will trigger an ANR and stop this job.
The notification must provide an accurate description of the work that the job is doing
and, if possible, the state of the work.
Note that certain types of jobs
(e.g. data transfer jobs
)
may require the notification to have certain characteristics
and their documentation will state any such requirements.
JobScheduler will not remember this notification after the job has finished running, so apps must call this every time the job is started (if required or desired).
If separate jobs use the same notification ID with this API, the most recently provided
notification will be shown to the user, and the
jobEndNotificationPolicy
of the last job to stop will be applied.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : The parameters identifying this job, as supplied to
the job in the onStartJob(android.app.job.JobParameters) callback.
This value cannot be null . |
notificationId |
int : The ID for this notification, as per
NotificationManager.notify(int, Notification) . |
notification |
Notification : The notification to be displayed.
This value cannot be null . |
jobEndNotificationPolicy |
int : The policy to apply to the notification when the job stops.
Value is JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_DETACH , or JOB_END_NOTIFICATION_POLICY_REMOVE |
updateEstimatedNetworkBytes
public final void updateEstimatedNetworkBytes (JobParameters params, JobWorkItem jobWorkItem, long downloadBytes, long uploadBytes)
Update the amount of data this JobWorkItem is estimated to transfer after the job has started.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : This value cannot be null . |
jobWorkItem |
JobWorkItem : This value cannot be null . |
downloadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
uploadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
updateEstimatedNetworkBytes
public final void updateEstimatedNetworkBytes (JobParameters params, long downloadBytes, long uploadBytes)
Update the amount of data this job is estimated to transfer after the job has started.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : This value cannot be null . |
downloadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
uploadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
updateTransferredNetworkBytes
public final void updateTransferredNetworkBytes (JobParameters params, long transferredDownloadBytes, long transferredUploadBytes)
Tell JobScheduler how much data has successfully been transferred for the data transfer job.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : This value cannot be null . |
transferredDownloadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
transferredUploadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
updateTransferredNetworkBytes
public final void updateTransferredNetworkBytes (JobParameters params, JobWorkItem item, long transferredDownloadBytes, long transferredUploadBytes)
Tell JobScheduler how much data has been transferred for the data transfer
JobWorkItem
.
Parameters | |
---|---|
params |
JobParameters : This value cannot be null . |
item |
JobWorkItem : This value cannot be null . |
transferredDownloadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |
transferredUploadBytes |
long : Value is a non-negative number of bytes. |