DocumentFile
abstract class DocumentFile
| kotlin.Any | |
| ↳ | androidx.documentfile.provider.DocumentFile |
Representation of a document backed by either a android.provider.DocumentsProvider or a raw file on disk. This is a utility class designed to emulate the traditional File interface. It offers a simplified view of a tree of documents, but it has substantial overhead. For optimal performance and a richer feature set, use the android.provider.DocumentsContract methods and constants directly.
There are several differences between documents and traditional files:
- Documents express their display name and MIME type as separate fields, instead of relying on file extensions. Some documents providers may still choose to append extensions to their display names, but that's an implementation detail.
- A single document may appear as the child of multiple directories, so it doesn't inherently know who its parent is. That is, documents don't have a strong notion of path. You can easily traverse a tree of documents from parent to child, but not from child to parent.
- Each document has a unique identifier within that provider. This identifier is an opaque implementation detail of the provider, and as such it must not be parsed.
Before using this class, first consider if you really need access to an entire subtree of documents. The principle of least privilege dictates that you should only ask for access to documents you really need. If you only need the user to pick a single file, use Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT or Intent#ACTION_GET_CONTENT. If you want to let the user pick multiple files, add Intent#EXTRA_ALLOW_MULTIPLE. If you only need the user to save a single file, use Intent#ACTION_CREATE_DOCUMENT. If you use these APIs, you can pass the resulting Intent#getData() into fromSingleUri(Context, Uri) to work with that document.
If you really do need full access to an entire subtree of documents, start by launching Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE to let the user pick a directory. Then pass the resulting Intent#getData() into fromTreeUri(Context, Uri) to start working with the user selected tree.
As you navigate the tree of DocumentFile instances, you can always use getUri() to obtain the Uri representing the underlying document for that object, for use with ContentResolver#openInputStream(Uri), etc.
To simplify your code on devices running android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT or earlier, you can use fromFile(File) which emulates the behavior of a android.provider.DocumentsProvider.
Summary
| Public methods | |
|---|---|
| abstract Boolean |
canRead()Indicates whether the current context is allowed to read from this file. |
| abstract Boolean |
canWrite()Indicates whether the current context is allowed to write to this file. |
| abstract DocumentFile? |
createDirectory(@NonNull displayName: String)Create a new directory as a direct child of this directory. |
| abstract DocumentFile? |
createFile(@NonNull mimeType: String, @NonNull displayName: String)Create a new document as a direct child of this directory. |
| abstract Boolean |
delete()Deletes this file. |
| abstract Boolean |
exists()Returns a boolean indicating whether this file can be found. |
| open DocumentFile? |
Search through |
| open static DocumentFile |
Create a |
| open static DocumentFile? |
fromSingleUri(@NonNull context: Context, @NonNull singleUri: Uri)Create a |
| open static DocumentFile? |
fromTreeUri(@NonNull context: Context, @NonNull treeUri: Uri)Create a |
| abstract String? |
getName()Return the display name of this document. |
| open DocumentFile? |
Return the parent file of this document. |
| abstract String? |
getType()Return the MIME type of this document. |
| abstract Uri |
getUri()Return a Uri for the underlying document represented by this file. |
| abstract Boolean |
Indicates if this file represents a directory. |
| open static Boolean |
isDocumentUri(@NonNull context: Context, @Nullable uri: Uri?)Test if given Uri is backed by a |
| abstract Boolean |
isFile()Indicates if this file represents a file. |
| abstract Boolean |
Indicates if this file represents a virtual document. |
| abstract Long |
Returns the time when this file was last modified, measured in milliseconds since January 1st, 1970, midnight. |
| abstract Long |
length()Returns the length of this file in bytes. |
| abstract Array<DocumentFile!> |
Returns an array of files contained in the directory represented by this file. |
| abstract Boolean |
Renames this file to |
Public methods
canRead
abstract fun canRead(): Boolean
Indicates whether the current context is allowed to read from this file.
| Return | |
|---|---|
Boolean |
true if this file can be read, false otherwise. |
canWrite
abstract fun canWrite(): Boolean
Indicates whether the current context is allowed to write to this file.
| Return | |
|---|---|
Boolean |
true if this file can be written, false otherwise. |
createDirectory
@Nullable abstract fun createDirectory(@NonNull displayName: String): DocumentFile?
Create a new directory as a direct child of this directory.
| Parameters | |
|---|---|
displayName |
String: name of new directory |
| Return | |
|---|---|
DocumentFile? |
file representing newly created directory, or null if failed |
| Exceptions | |
|---|---|
UnsupportedOperationException |
when working with a single document created from fromSingleUri(Context, Uri). |
createFile
@Nullable abstract fun createFile(
@NonNull mimeType: String,
@NonNull displayName: String
): DocumentFile?
Create a new document as a direct child of this directory.
| Parameters | |
|---|---|
mimeType |
String: MIME type of new document, such as image/png or audio/flac |
displayName |
String: name of new document, without any file extension appended; the underlying provider may choose to append the extension |
| Return | |
|---|---|
DocumentFile? |
file representing newly created document, or null if failed |
| Exceptions | |
|---|---|
UnsupportedOperationException |
when working with a single document created from fromSingleUri(Context, Uri). |
delete
abstract fun delete(): Boolean
Deletes this file.
Note that this method does not throw IOException on failure. Callers must check the return value.
| Return | |
|---|---|
Boolean |
true if this file was deleted, false otherwise. |
exists
abstract fun exists(): Boolean
Returns a boolean indicating whether this file can be found.
| Return | |
|---|---|
Boolean |
true if this file exists, false otherwise. |
findFile
@Nullable open fun findFile(@NonNull displayName: String): DocumentFile?
Search through listFiles() for the first document matching the given display name. Returns null when no matching document is found.
| Exceptions | |
|---|---|
UnsupportedOperationException |
when working with a single document created from fromSingleUri(Context, Uri). |
fromFile
@NonNull open static fun fromFile(@NonNull file: File): DocumentFile
Create a DocumentFile representing the filesystem tree rooted at the given File. This doesn't give you any additional access to the underlying files beyond what your app already has.
getUri() will return file:// Uris for files explored through this tree.
fromSingleUri
@Nullable open static fun fromSingleUri(
@NonNull context: Context,
@NonNull singleUri: Uri
): DocumentFile?
Create a DocumentFile representing the single document at the given Uri. This is only useful on devices running android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT or later, and will return null when called on earlier platform versions.
| Parameters | |
|---|---|
singleUri |
Uri: the Intent#getData() from a successful Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT or Intent#ACTION_CREATE_DOCUMENT request. |
fromTreeUri
@Nullable open static fun fromTreeUri(
@NonNull context: Context,
@NonNull treeUri: Uri
): DocumentFile?
Create a DocumentFile representing the document tree rooted at the given Uri. This is only useful on devices running android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP or later, and will return null when called on earlier platform versions.
| Parameters | |
|---|---|
treeUri |
Uri: the Intent#getData() from a successful Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE request. |
getParentFile
@Nullable open fun getParentFile(): DocumentFile?
Return the parent file of this document. Only defined inside of the user-selected tree; you can never escape above the top of the tree.
The underlying android.provider.DocumentsProvider only defines a forward mapping from parent to child, so the reverse mapping of child to parent offered here is purely a convenience method, and it may be incorrect if the underlying tree structure changes.