ConcurrentLinkedDeque
open class ConcurrentLinkedDeque<E : Any!> : AbstractCollection<E>, Deque<E>, Serializable
An unbounded concurrent deque based on linked nodes. Concurrent insertion, removal, and access operations execute safely across multiple threads. A ConcurrentLinkedDeque
is an appropriate choice when many threads will share access to a common collection. Like most other concurrent collection implementations, this class does not permit the use of null
elements.
Iterators and spliterators are weakly consistent.
Beware that, unlike in most collections, the size
method is NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the asynchronous nature of these deques, determining the current number of elements requires a traversal of the elements, and so may report inaccurate results if this collection is modified during traversal.
Bulk operations that add, remove, or examine multiple elements, such as #addAll, removeIf
or forEach
, are not guaranteed to be performed atomically. For example, a forEach
traversal concurrent with an addAll
operation might observe only some of the added elements.
This class and its iterator implement all of the optional methods of the Deque
and Iterator
interfaces.
Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a ConcurrentLinkedDeque
happen-before actions subsequent to the access or removal of that element from the ConcurrentLinkedDeque
in another thread.
This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.
Summary
Public constructors |
Constructs an empty deque.
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Constructs a deque initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.
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Public methods |
open Boolean |
Inserts the specified element at the tail of this deque.
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open Boolean |
Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this deque, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's iterator.
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open Unit |
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
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open Unit |
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
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open Unit |
Removes all of the elements from this deque.
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open Boolean |
Returns true if this deque contains the specified element.
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open MutableIterator<E> |
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse sequential order.
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open E |
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open Unit |
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open E |
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open E |
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open Boolean |
Returns true if this collection contains no elements.
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open MutableIterator<E> |
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence.
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open Boolean |
Inserts the specified element at the tail of this deque.
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open Boolean |
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
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open Boolean |
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
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open E? |
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open E? |
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open E? |
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open E? |
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open E? |
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open E? |
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open E |
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open Unit |
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open E |
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open Boolean |
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
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open Boolean |
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open E |
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open Boolean |
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
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open Boolean |
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open E |
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open Boolean |
Removes the last occurrence of the specified element from this deque.
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open Boolean |
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open Spliterator<E> |
Returns a Spliterator over the elements in this deque.
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open Array<Any!> |
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element).
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open Array<T> |
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.
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open String |
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Inherited functions |
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From class Deque
Deque<E> |
reversed()
Returns a reverse-ordered view of this collection. The encounter order of elements in the returned view is the inverse of the encounter order of elements in this collection. The reverse ordering affects all order-sensitive operations, including those on the view collections of the returned view. If the collection implementation permits modifications to this view, the modifications "write through" to the underlying collection. Changes to the underlying collection might or might not be visible in this reversed view, depending upon the implementation.
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Properties |
open Int |
Returns the number of elements in this deque.
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Public constructors
ConcurrentLinkedDeque
ConcurrentLinkedDeque()
Constructs an empty deque.
ConcurrentLinkedDeque
ConcurrentLinkedDeque(c: MutableCollection<out E>!)
Constructs a deque initially containing the elements of the given collection, added in traversal order of the collection's iterator.
Parameters |
c |
MutableCollection<out E>!: the collection of elements to initially contain |
Exceptions |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified collection or any of its elements are null |
Public methods
add
open fun add(element: E): Boolean
Inserts the specified element at the tail of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never throw IllegalStateException
or return false
.
Parameters |
e |
the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the add operation is not supported by this collection |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.IllegalStateException |
if the element cannot be added at this time due to capacity restrictions |
addAll
open fun addAll(elements: Collection<E>): Boolean
Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this deque, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's iterator. Attempts to addAll
of a deque to itself result in IllegalArgumentException
.
Parameters |
c |
the elements to be inserted into this deque |
Return |
Boolean |
true if this deque changed as a result of the call |
Exceptions |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the addAll operation is not supported by this collection |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of an element of the specified collection prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified collection or any of its elements are null |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if the collection is this deque |
java.lang.IllegalStateException |
if not all the elements can be added at this time due to insertion restrictions |
addFirst
open fun addFirst(e: E): Unit
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never throw IllegalStateException
.
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if this collection implementation does not support this operation |
java.lang.IllegalStateException |
if the element cannot be added at this time due to capacity restrictions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
addLast
open fun addLast(e: E): Unit
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never throw IllegalStateException
.
This method is equivalent to #add.
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if this collection implementation does not support this operation |
java.lang.IllegalStateException |
if the element cannot be added at this time due to capacity restrictions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
clear
open fun clear(): Unit
Removes all of the elements from this deque.
Exceptions |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the clear operation is not supported by this collection |
contains
open fun contains(element: E?): Boolean
Returns true
if this deque contains the specified element. More formally, returns true
if and only if this deque contains at least one element e
such that o.equals(e)
.
Parameters |
o |
element whose presence in this deque is to be tested |
Return |
Boolean |
true if this deque contains the specified element |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element is incompatible with this deque (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null and this deque does not permit null elements (java.util.Collection#) |
descendingIterator
open fun descendingIterator(): MutableIterator<E>
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse sequential order. The elements will be returned in order from last (tail) to first (head).
The returned iterator is weakly consistent.
Return |
MutableIterator<E> |
an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse order |
element
open fun element(): E
Return |
E |
the head of the queue represented by this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
forEach
open fun forEach(action: Consumer<in E>): Unit
Parameters |
action |
Consumer<in E>: The action to be performed for each element |
Exceptions |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified action is null |
getFirst
open fun getFirst(): E
Return |
E |
the head of this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
getLast
open fun getLast(): E
Return |
E |
the tail of this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
isEmpty
open fun isEmpty(): Boolean
Returns true
if this collection contains no elements.
Return |
Boolean |
true if this collection contains no elements |
iterator
open fun iterator(): MutableIterator<E>
Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence. The elements will be returned in order from first (head) to last (tail).
The returned iterator is weakly consistent.
Return |
MutableIterator<E> |
an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence |
offer
open fun offer(e: E): Boolean
Inserts the specified element at the tail of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never return false
.
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
offerFirst
open fun offerFirst(e: E): Boolean
Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never return false
.
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
offerLast
open fun offerLast(e: E): Boolean
Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque. As the deque is unbounded, this method will never return false
.
This method is equivalent to #add.
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to add |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
peek
open fun peek(): E?
Return |
E? |
the head of the queue represented by this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
peekFirst
open fun peekFirst(): E?
Return |
E? |
the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
peekLast
open fun peekLast(): E?
Return |
E? |
the tail of this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
poll
open fun poll(): E?
Return |
E? |
the first element of this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
pollFirst
open fun pollFirst(): E?
Return |
E? |
the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
pollLast
open fun pollLast(): E?
Return |
E? |
the tail of this deque, or null if this deque is empty |
pop
open fun pop(): E
Return |
E |
the element at the front of this deque (which is the top of the stack represented by this deque) |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
push
open fun push(e: E): Unit
Parameters |
e |
E: the element to push |
Exceptions |
java.lang.IllegalStateException |
if the element cannot be added at this time due to capacity restrictions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null and this deque does not permit null elements |
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException |
if some property of the specified element prevents it from being added to this deque |
remove
open fun remove(): E
Return |
E |
the head of the queue represented by this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
remove
open fun remove(element: E?): Boolean
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the first element e
such that o.equals(e)
(if such an element exists). Returns true
if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
This method is equivalent to removeFirstOccurrence(java.lang.Object)
.
Parameters |
o |
element to be removed from this deque, if present |
Return |
Boolean |
true if the deque contained the specified element |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element is incompatible with this deque (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the remove operation is not supported by this collection |
removeAll
open fun removeAll(elements: Collection<E>): Boolean
Parameters |
c |
collection containing elements to be removed from this collection |
Return |
Boolean |
true if this collection changed as a result of the call |
Exceptions |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the removeAll method is not supported by this collection |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the types of one or more elements in this collection are incompatible with the specified collection (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if this collection contains one or more null elements and the specified collection does not support null elements (java.util.Collection#) or if the specified collection is null |
removeFirst
open fun removeFirst(): E
Return |
E |
the head of this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if this collection implementation does not support this operation |
removeFirstOccurrence
open fun removeFirstOccurrence(o: Any?): Boolean
Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the first element e
such that o.equals(e)
(if such an element exists). Returns true
if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
Parameters |
o |
Any?: element to be removed from this deque, if present |
Return |
Boolean |
true if the deque contained the specified element |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element is incompatible with this deque (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
removeIf
open fun removeIf(filter: Predicate<in E>): Boolean
Parameters |
filter |
Predicate<in E>: a predicate which returns true for elements to be removed |
Return |
Boolean |
true if any elements were removed |
Exceptions |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified filter is null |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if elements cannot be removed from this collection. Implementations may throw this exception if a matching element cannot be removed or if, in general, removal is not supported. |
removeLast
open fun removeLast(): E
Return |
E |
the tail of this deque |
Exceptions |
java.util.NoSuchElementException |
if this deque is empty |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if this collection implementation does not support this operation |
removeLastOccurrence
open fun removeLastOccurrence(o: Any?): Boolean
Removes the last occurrence of the specified element from this deque. If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the last element e
such that o.equals(e)
(if such an element exists). Returns true
if this deque contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
Parameters |
o |
Any?: element to be removed from this deque, if present |
Return |
Boolean |
true if the deque contained the specified element |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the class of the specified element is incompatible with this deque (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified element is null |
retainAll
open fun retainAll(elements: Collection<E>): Boolean
Parameters |
c |
collection containing elements to be retained in this collection |
Return |
Boolean |
true if this collection changed as a result of the call |
Exceptions |
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException |
if the retainAll operation is not supported by this collection |
java.lang.ClassCastException |
if the types of one or more elements in this collection are incompatible with the specified collection (java.util.Collection#) |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if this collection contains one or more null elements and the specified collection does not permit null elements (java.util.Collection#) or if the specified collection is null |
toArray
open fun toArray(): Array<Any!>
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element).
The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.
Return |
Array<Any!> |
an array containing all of the elements in this deque |
toArray
open fun <T : Any!> toArray(a: Array<T>): Array<T>
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this deque.
If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to null
.
Like the toArray()
method, this method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
Suppose x
is a deque known to contain only strings. The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly allocated array of String
:
<code>String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);</code>
Note that
toArray(new Object[0])
is identical in function to
toArray()
.
Parameters |
<T> |
the component type of the array to contain the collection |
a |
Array<T>: the array into which the elements of the deque are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purpose |
Return |
Array<T> |
an array containing all of the elements in this deque |
Exceptions |
java.lang.ArrayStoreException |
if the runtime type of the specified array is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this deque |
java.lang.NullPointerException |
if the specified array is null |
toString
open fun toString(): String
Return |
String |
a string representation of the object. |
Properties
size
open val size: Int
Returns the number of elements in this deque. If this deque contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE
elements, it returns Integer.MAX_VALUE
.
Beware that, unlike in most collections, this method is NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the asynchronous nature of these deques, determining the current number of elements requires traversing them all to count them. Additionally, it is possible for the size to change during execution of this method, in which case the returned result will be inaccurate. Thus, this method is typically not very useful in concurrent applications.
Return |
Int |
the number of elements in this deque |