Added in API level 1

PropertyResourceBundle

open class PropertyResourceBundle : ResourceBundle

kotlin.Any
↳	java.util.ResourceBundle
	↳	java.util.PropertyResourceBundle

PropertyResourceBundle is a concrete subclass of ResourceBundle that manages resources for a locale using a set of static strings from a property file. See ResourceBundle for more information about resource bundles.

Unlike other types of resource bundle, you don't subclass PropertyResourceBundle. Instead, you supply properties files containing the resource data. ResourceBundle.getBundle will automatically look for the appropriate properties file and create a PropertyResourceBundle that refers to it. See ResourceBundle.getBundle for a complete description of the search and instantiation strategy.

The following example shows a member of a resource bundle family with the base name "MyResources". The text defines the bundle "MyResources_de", the German member of the bundle family. This member is based on PropertyResourceBundle, and the text therefore is the content of the file "MyResources_de.properties" (a related example shows how you can add bundles to this family that are implemented as subclasses of ListResourceBundle). The keys in this example are of the form "s1" etc. The actual keys are entirely up to your choice, so long as they are the same as the keys you use in your program to retrieve the objects from the bundle. Keys are case-sensitive.

 MessageFormat pattern
  s1=Die Platte \"{1}\" enthält {0}.
 
  # location of {0} in pattern
  s2=1
 
  # sample disk name
  s3=Meine Platte
 
  # first ChoiceFormat choice
  s4=keine Dateien
 
  # second ChoiceFormat choice
  s5=eine Datei
 
  # third ChoiceFormat choice
  s6={0,number} Dateien
 
  # sample date
  s7=3. März 1996

Summary

Public constructors
`PropertyResourceBundle(stream: InputStream!)` Creates a property resource bundle from an `InputStream`.
`PropertyResourceBundle(reader: Reader!)` Creates a property resource bundle from a `Reader`.

Public methods
open Enumeration<String!>!	`getKeys()` Returns an `Enumeration` of the keys contained in this `ResourceBundle` and its parent bundles.
open Any!	`handleGetObject(key: String!)`

Protected methods
open MutableSet<String!>!	`handleKeySet()` Returns a `Set` of the keys contained only in this `ResourceBundle`.

Inherited functions

From class ResourceBundle

Unit

clearCache()

Removes all resource bundles from the cache that have been loaded using the caller's class loader.

Unit

clearCache(loader: ClassLoader!)

Removes all resource bundles from the cache that have been loaded by the given class loader.

Boolean

containsKey(key: String!)

Determines whether the given key is contained in this ResourceBundle or its parent bundles.

String!

getBaseBundleName()

Returns the base name of this bundle, if known, or null if unknown. If not null, then this is the value of the baseName parameter that was passed to the ResourceBundle.getBundle(...) method when the resource bundle was loaded.

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!)

Gets a resource bundle using the specified base name, the default locale, and the caller's class loader. Calling this method is equivalent to calling getBundle(baseName, Locale.getDefault(), this.getClass().getClassLoader()),

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!, locale: Locale!)

Gets a resource bundle using the specified base name and locale, and the caller's class loader. Calling this method is equivalent to calling getBundle(baseName, locale, this.getClass().getClassLoader()),

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!, locale: Locale!, loader: ClassLoader!)

Gets a resource bundle using the specified base name, locale, and class loader. This is equivalent to calling:

getBundle(baseName, targetLocale, loader, control)

passing a default instance of Control. Refer to the description of modifying the default behavior. The following describes the default behavior.

Resource Bundle Search and Loading Strategy

getBundle uses the base name, the specified locale, and the default locale (obtained from Locale.getDefault) to generate a sequence of candidate bundle names. If the specified locale's language, script, country, and variant are all empty strings, then the base name is the only candidate bundle name. Otherwise, a list of candidate locales is generated from the attribute values of the specified locale (language, script, country and variant) and appended to the base name. Typically, this will look like the following:

baseName + "_" + language + "_" + script + "_" + country + "_" + variant
      baseName + "_" + language + "_" + script + "_" + country
      baseName + "_" + language + "_" + script
      baseName + "_" + language + "_" + country + "_" + variant
      baseName + "_" + language + "_" + country
      baseName + "_" + language

Candidate bundle names where the final component is an empty string are omitted, along with the underscore. For example, if country is an empty string, the second and the fifth candidate bundle names above would be omitted. Also, if script is an empty string, the candidate names including script are omitted. For example, a locale with language "de" and variant "JAVA" will produce candidate names with base name "MyResource" below.

MyResource_de__JAVA
      MyResource_de

In the case that the variant contains one or more underscores ('_'), a sequence of bundle names generated by truncating the last underscore and the part following it is inserted after a candidate bundle name with the original variant. For example, for a locale with language "en", script "Latn, country "US" and variant "WINDOWS_VISTA", and bundle base name "MyResource", the list of candidate bundle names below is generated:

MyResource_en_Latn_US_WINDOWS_VISTA
  MyResource_en_Latn_US_WINDOWS
  MyResource_en_Latn_US
  MyResource_en_Latn
  MyResource_en_US_WINDOWS_VISTA
  MyResource_en_US_WINDOWS
  MyResource_en_US
  MyResource_en

Note: For some Locales, the list of candidate bundle names contains extra names, or the order of bundle names is slightly modified. See the description of the default implementation of getCandidateLocales for details.

getBundle then iterates over the candidate bundle names to find the first one for which it can instantiate an actual resource bundle. It uses the default controls' getFormats method, which generates two bundle names for each generated name, the first a class name and the second a properties file name. For each candidate bundle name, it attempts to create a resource bundle:

First, it attempts to load a class using the generated class name. If such a class can be found and loaded using the specified class loader, is assignment compatible with ResourceBundle, is accessible from ResourceBundle, and can be instantiated, getBundle creates a new instance of this class and uses it as the result resource bundle.
Otherwise, getBundle attempts to locate a property resource file using the generated properties file name. It generates a path name from the candidate bundle name by replacing all "." characters with "/" and appending the string ".properties". It attempts to find a "resource" with this name using ClassLoader.getResource. (Note that a "resource" in the sense of getResource has nothing to do with the contents of a resource bundle, it is just a container of data, such as a file.) If it finds a "resource", it attempts to create a new PropertyResourceBundle instance from its contents. If successful, this instance becomes the result resource bundle.

This continues until a result resource bundle is instantiated or the list of candidate bundle names is exhausted. If no matching resource bundle is found, the default control's getFallbackLocale method is called, which returns the current default locale. A new sequence of candidate locale names is generated using this locale and searched again, as above.

If still no result bundle is found, the base name alone is looked up. If this still fails, a MissingResourceException is thrown.

Once a result resource bundle has been found, its parent chain is instantiated. If the result bundle already has a parent (perhaps because it was returned from a cache) the chain is complete.

Otherwise, getBundle examines the remainder of the candidate locale list that was used during the pass that generated the result resource bundle. (As before, candidate bundle names where the final component is an empty string are omitted.) When it comes to the end of the candidate list, it tries the plain bundle name. With each of the candidate bundle names it attempts to instantiate a resource bundle (first looking for a class and then a properties file, as described above).

Whenever it succeeds, it calls the previously instantiated resource bundle's setParent method with the new resource bundle. This continues until the list of names is exhausted or the current bundle already has a non-null parent.

Once the parent chain is complete, the bundle is returned.

Note: getBundle caches instantiated resource bundles and might return the same resource bundle instance multiple times.

Note:The baseName argument should be a fully qualified class name. However, for compatibility with earlier versions, Java SE Runtime Environments do not verify this, and so it is possible to access PropertyResourceBundles by specifying a path name (using "/") instead of a fully qualified class name (using ".").

Example:

The following class and property files are provided:

MyResources.class
MyResources.properties
MyResources_fr.properties
MyResources_fr_CH.class
MyResources_fr_CH.properties
MyResources_en.properties
MyResources_es_ES.class

The contents of all files are valid (that is, public non-abstract subclasses of ResourceBundle for the ".class" files, syntactically correct ".properties" files). The default locale is Locale("en", "GB").

Calling getBundle with the locale arguments below will instantiate resource bundles as follows:

getBundle() locale to resource bundle mapping

Locale	Resource bundle
Locale("fr", "CH")	MyResources_fr_CH.class, parent MyResources_fr.properties, parent MyResources.class
Locale("fr", "FR")	MyResources_fr.properties, parent MyResources.class
Locale("de", "DE")	MyResources_en.properties, parent MyResources.class
Locale("en", "US")	MyResources_en.properties, parent MyResources.class
Locale("es", "ES")	MyResources_es_ES.class, parent MyResources.class

The file MyResources_fr_CH.properties is never used because it is hidden by the MyResources_fr_CH.class. Likewise, MyResources.properties is also hidden by MyResources.class.

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!, targetLocale: Locale!, loader: ClassLoader!, control: ResourceBundle.Control!)

Returns a resource bundle using the specified base name, target locale, class loader and control. Unlike the getBundle factory methods with no control argument, the given control specifies how to locate and instantiate resource bundles. Conceptually, the bundle loading process with the given control is performed in the following steps.

This factory method looks up the resource bundle in the cache for the specified baseName, targetLocale and loader. If the requested resource bundle instance is found in the cache and the time-to-live periods of the instance and all of its parent instances have not expired, the instance is returned to the caller. Otherwise, this factory method proceeds with the loading process below.
The control.getFormats method is called to get resource bundle formats to produce bundle or resource names. The strings "java.class" and "java.properties" designate class-based and property-based resource bundles, respectively. Other strings starting with "java." are reserved for future extensions and must not be used for application-defined formats. Other strings designate application-defined formats.
The control.getCandidateLocales method is called with the target locale to get a list of candidate Locales for which resource bundles are searched.

The control.newBundle method is called to instantiate a ResourceBundle for the base bundle name, a candidate locale, and a format. (Refer to the note on the cache lookup below.) This step is iterated over all combinations of the candidate locales and formats until the newBundle method returns a ResourceBundle instance or the iteration has used up all the combinations. For example, if the candidate locales are Locale("de", "DE"), Locale("de") and Locale("") and the formats are "java.class" and "java.properties", then the following is the sequence of locale-format combinations to be used to call control.newBundle. locale-format combinations for newBundle

Index	`Locale`	`format`
1	`Locale("de", "DE")`	`java.class`
2	`Locale("de", "DE")`	`java.properties`
3	`Locale("de")`	`java.class`
4	`Locale("de")`	`java.properties`
5	`Locale("")`	`java.class`
6	`Locale("")`	`java.properties`

If the previous step has found no resource bundle, proceed to Step 6. If a bundle has been found that is a base bundle (a bundle for Locale("")), and the candidate locale list only contained Locale(""), return the bundle to the caller. If a bundle has been found that is a base bundle, but the candidate locale list contained locales other than Locale(""), put the bundle on hold and proceed to Step 6. If a bundle has been found that is not a base bundle, proceed to Step 7.
The control.getFallbackLocale method is called to get a fallback locale (alternative to the current target locale) to try further finding a resource bundle. If the method returns a non-null locale, it becomes the next target locale and the loading process starts over from Step 3. Otherwise, if a base bundle was found and put on hold in a previous Step 5, it is returned to the caller now. Otherwise, a MissingResourceException is thrown.
At this point, we have found a resource bundle that's not the base bundle. If this bundle set its parent during its instantiation, it is returned to the caller. Otherwise, its parent chain is instantiated based on the list of candidate locales from which it was found. Finally, the bundle is returned to the caller.

During the resource bundle loading process above, this factory method looks up the cache before calling the control.newBundle method. If the time-to-live period of the resource bundle found in the cache has expired, the factory method calls the control.needsReload method to determine whether the resource bundle needs to be reloaded. If reloading is required, the factory method calls control.newBundle to reload the resource bundle. If control.newBundle returns null, the factory method puts a dummy resource bundle in the cache as a mark of nonexistent resource bundles in order to avoid lookup overhead for subsequent requests. Such dummy resource bundles are under the same expiration control as specified by control.

All resource bundles loaded are cached by default. Refer to control.getTimeToLive for details.

The following is an example of the bundle loading process with the default ResourceBundle.Control implementation.

Conditions:

Base bundle name: foo.bar.Messages
Requested Locale: Locale.ITALY
Default Locale: Locale.FRENCH
Available resource bundles: foo/bar/Messages_fr.properties and foo/bar/Messages.properties

First, getBundle tries loading a resource bundle in the following sequence.

class foo.bar.Messages_it_IT
file foo/bar/Messages_it_IT.properties
class foo.bar.Messages_it
file foo/bar/Messages_it.properties
class foo.bar.Messages
file foo/bar/Messages.properties

At this point, getBundle finds foo/bar/Messages.properties, which is put on hold because it's the base bundle. getBundle calls control.getFallbackLocale("foo.bar.Messages", Locale.ITALY) which returns Locale.FRENCH. Next, getBundle tries loading a bundle in the following sequence.

class foo.bar.Messages_fr
file foo/bar/Messages_fr.properties
class foo.bar.Messages
file foo/bar/Messages.properties

getBundle finds foo/bar/Messages_fr.properties and creates a ResourceBundle instance. Then, getBundle sets up its parent chain from the list of the candidate locales. Only foo/bar/Messages.properties is found in the list and getBundle creates a ResourceBundle instance that becomes the parent of the instance for foo/bar/Messages_fr.properties.

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!, targetLocale: Locale!, control: ResourceBundle.Control!)

Returns a resource bundle using the specified base name, target locale and control, and the caller's class loader. Calling this method is equivalent to calling

getBundle(baseName, targetLocale, this.getClass().getClassLoader(),
            control),

except that getClassLoader() is run with the security privileges of ResourceBundle. See getBundle for the complete description of the resource bundle loading process with a ResourceBundle.Control.

ResourceBundle!

getBundle(baseName: String!, control: ResourceBundle.Control!)

Returns a resource bundle using the specified base name, the default locale and the specified control. Calling this method is equivalent to calling

getBundle(baseName, Locale.getDefault(),
            this.getClass().getClassLoader(), control),

Locale!

getLocale()

Returns the locale of this resource bundle. This method can be used after a call to getBundle() to determine whether the resource bundle returned really corresponds to the requested locale or is a fallback.

Any!

getObject(key: String!)

Gets an object for the given key from this resource bundle or one of its parents. This method first tries to obtain the object from this resource bundle using handleGetObject. If not successful, and the parent resource bundle is not null, it calls the parent's getObject method. If still not successful, it throws a MissingResourceException.

String!

getString(key: String!)

Gets a string for the given key from this resource bundle or one of its parents. Calling this method is equivalent to calling (String) getObject(key).

Array<String!>!

getStringArray(key: String!)

Gets a string array for the given key from this resource bundle or one of its parents. Calling this method is equivalent to calling (String[]) getObject(key).

MutableSet<String!>!

keySet()

Returns a Set of all keys contained in this ResourceBundle and its parent bundles.

Unit

setParent(parent: ResourceBundle!)

Sets the parent bundle of this bundle. The parent bundle is searched by getObject when this bundle does not contain a particular resource.

Inherited properties

From class ResourceBundle

ResourceBundle!

parent

The parent bundle of this bundle. The parent bundle is searched by getObject when this bundle does not contain a particular resource.

Public constructors

PropertyResourceBundle

Added in API level 1

PropertyResourceBundle(stream: InputStream!)

Creates a property resource bundle from an InputStream. This constructor reads the property file in UTF-8 by default. If a java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException or an java.nio.charset.UnmappableCharacterException occurs on reading the input stream, then the PropertyResourceBundle instance resets to the state before the exception, re-reads the input stream in ISO-8859-1 and continues reading. If the system property java.util.PropertyResourceBundle.encoding is set to either "ISO-8859-1" or "UTF-8", the input stream is solely read in that encoding, and throws the exception if it encounters an invalid sequence. Other encoding values are ignored for this system property. The system property is read and evaluated when initializing this class. Changing or removing the property has no effect after the initialization.

Parameters
`stream`	InputStream!: an InputStream that represents a property file to read from.

Exceptions
`java.io.IOException`	if an I/O error occurs
`java.lang.NullPointerException`	if `stream` is null
`java.lang.IllegalArgumentException`	if `stream` contains a malformed Unicode escape sequence.
`java.nio.charset.MalformedInputException`	if the system property `java.util.PropertyResourceBundle.encoding` is set to "UTF-8" and `stream` contains an invalid UTF-8 byte sequence.
`java.nio.charset.UnmappableCharacterException`	if the system property `java.util.PropertyResourceBundle.encoding` is set to "UTF-8" and `stream` contains an unmappable UTF-8 byte sequence.

PropertyResourceBundle

Added in API level 9

PropertyResourceBundle(reader: Reader!)

Creates a property resource bundle from a Reader. Unlike the constructor PropertyResourceBundle(InputStream), there is no limitation as to the encoding of the input property file.

Parameters
`reader`	Reader!: a Reader that represents a property file to read from.

Exceptions
`java.io.IOException`	if an I/O error occurs
`java.lang.NullPointerException`	if `reader` is null
`java.lang.IllegalArgumentException`	if a malformed Unicode escape sequence appears from `reader`.

Public methods

getKeys

Added in API level 1

open fun getKeys(): Enumeration<String!>!

Returns an Enumeration of the keys contained in this ResourceBundle and its parent bundles.

Return
`Enumeration<String!>!`	an `Enumeration` of the keys contained in this `ResourceBundle` and its parent bundles.

See Also

#keySet()

handleGetObject

Added in API level 1

open fun handleGetObject(key: String!): Any!

Parameters
`key`	String!: the key for the desired object

Return
`Any!`	the object for the given key, or null

Protected methods

handleKeySet

Added in API level 9

protected open fun handleKeySet(): MutableSet<String!>!

Returns a Set of the keys contained only in this ResourceBundle.

Return
`MutableSet<String!>!`	a `Set` of the keys contained only in this `ResourceBundle`

See Also

#keySet()