Ejemplo de animación avanzada: Gestos
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Hay varios aspectos que se deben tener en cuenta cuando trabajamos con animaciones y eventos táctiles, en comparación con los casos en que trabajamos solo con animaciones. En primer lugar, es posible que debamos interrumpir una animación en curso cuando comienzan los eventos táctiles, ya que la interacción del usuario debe tener la prioridad más alta.
En el siguiente ejemplo, usamos un Animatable
para representar la posición de desplazamiento de un componente circular. Los eventos táctiles se procesan con el modificador pointerInput
. Cuando detectamos un nuevo evento de toque, llamamos a animateTo
para animar el valor de desplazamiento a la posición del toque. Un evento de toque también puede ocurrir durante la animación y, en ese caso, animateTo
interrumpe la animación en curso y comienza la animación a la nueva posición objetivo, a la vez que se mantiene la velocidad de la animación interrumpida.
@Composable
fun Gesture() {
val offset = remember { Animatable(Offset(0f, 0f), Offset.VectorConverter) }
Box(
modifier = Modifier
.fillMaxSize()
.pointerInput(Unit) {
coroutineScope {
while (true) {
// Detect a tap event and obtain its position.
awaitPointerEventScope {
val position = awaitFirstDown().position
launch {
// Animate to the tap position.
offset.animateTo(position)
}
}
}
}
}
) {
Circle(modifier = Modifier.offset { offset.value.toIntOffset() })
}
}
private fun Offset.toIntOffset() = IntOffset(x.roundToInt(), y.roundToInt())
Otro patrón frecuente es tener que sincronizar valores de animación con valores provenientes de eventos táctiles, como los arrastres. En el siguiente ejemplo, vemos que "deslizar para descartar" se implementa como un Modifier
(en lugar de usar el SwipeToDismiss
componible). El desplazamiento horizontal del elemento se representa como un Animatable
. Esta API tiene una característica útil en la animación de gestos. Su valor puede cambiar mediante eventos táctiles y la animación. Cuando recibimos un evento de toque, detenemos el Animatable
mediante el método stop
para que se intercepte cualquier animación en curso.
Durante un evento de arrastre, usamos snapTo
para actualizar el valor Animatable
con el valor calculado de los eventos táctiles. Para la navegación, Compose proporciona VelocityTracker
a fin de registrar eventos de arrastre y calcular la velocidad. Se puede transmitir la velocidad directamente a animateDecay
para la animación de navegación. Cuando queremos deslizar el valor de desplazamiento de vuelta a la posición original, especificamos el valor de desplazamiento objetivo de 0f
con el método animateTo
.
fun Modifier.swipeToDismiss(
onDismissed: () -> Unit
): Modifier = composed {
val offsetX = remember { Animatable(0f) }
pointerInput(Unit) {
// Used to calculate fling decay.
val decay = splineBasedDecay<Float>(this)
// Use suspend functions for touch events and the Animatable.
coroutineScope {
while (true) {
val velocityTracker = VelocityTracker()
// Stop any ongoing animation.
offsetX.stop()
awaitPointerEventScope {
// Detect a touch down event.
val pointerId = awaitFirstDown().id
horizontalDrag(pointerId) { change ->
// Update the animation value with touch events.
launch {
offsetX.snapTo(
offsetX.value + change.positionChange().x
)
}
velocityTracker.addPosition(
change.uptimeMillis,
change.position
)
}
}
// No longer receiving touch events. Prepare the animation.
val velocity = velocityTracker.calculateVelocity().x
val targetOffsetX = decay.calculateTargetValue(
offsetX.value,
velocity
)
// The animation stops when it reaches the bounds.
offsetX.updateBounds(
lowerBound = -size.width.toFloat(),
upperBound = size.width.toFloat()
)
launch {
if (targetOffsetX.absoluteValue <= size.width) {
// Not enough velocity; Slide back.
offsetX.animateTo(
targetValue = 0f,
initialVelocity = velocity
)
} else {
// The element was swiped away.
offsetX.animateDecay(velocity, decay)
onDismissed()
}
}
}
}
}
.offset { IntOffset(offsetX.value.roundToInt(), 0) }
}
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El contenido y las muestras de código que aparecen en esta página están sujetas a las licencias que se describen en la Licencia de Contenido. Java y OpenJDK son marcas registradas de Oracle o sus afiliados.
Última actualización: 2025-08-27 (UTC)
[[["Fácil de comprender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Resolvió mi problema","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Otro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Falta la información que necesito","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Muy complicado o demasiados pasos","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Desactualizado","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema de traducción","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema con las muestras o los códigos","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Otro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última actualización: 2025-08-27 (UTC)"],[],[],null,["There are several things we have to take into consideration when we are working\nwith touch events and animations, compared to when we are working with\nanimations alone. First of all, we might need to interrupt an ongoing animation\nwhen touch events begin as user interaction should have the highest priority.\n\nIn the example below, we use an `Animatable` to represent the offset position of\na circle component. Touch events are processed with the\n[`pointerInput`](/reference/kotlin/androidx/compose/ui/input/pointer/package-summary#(androidx.compose.ui.Modifier).pointerInput(kotlin.Any,%20kotlin.coroutines.SuspendFunction1))\nmodifier. When we detect a new tap event, we call `animateTo` to animate the\noffset value to the tap position. A tap event can happen during the animation\ntoo, and in that case, `animateTo` interrupts the ongoing animation and starts\nthe animation to the new target position while maintaining the velocity of the\ninterrupted animation.\n\n\n```kotlin\n@Composable\nfun Gesture() {\n val offset = remember { Animatable(Offset(0f, 0f), Offset.VectorConverter) }\n Box(\n modifier = Modifier\n .fillMaxSize()\n .pointerInput(Unit) {\n coroutineScope {\n while (true) {\n // Detect a tap event and obtain its position.\n awaitPointerEventScope {\n val position = awaitFirstDown().position\n\n launch {\n // Animate to the tap position.\n offset.animateTo(position)\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n ) {\n Circle(modifier = Modifier.offset { offset.value.toIntOffset() })\n }\n}\n\nprivate fun Offset.toIntOffset() = IntOffset(x.roundToInt(), y.roundToInt())https://github.com/android/snippets/blob/5673ffc60b614daf028ee936227128eb8c4f9781/compose/snippets/src/main/java/com/example/compose/snippets/animations/AdvancedAnimationSnippets.kt#L62-L88\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nAnother frequent pattern is we need to synchronize animation values with values\ncoming from touch events, such as drag. In the example below, we see \"swipe to\ndismiss\" implemented as a `Modifier` (rather than using the\n[`SwipeToDismiss`](/reference/kotlin/androidx/compose/material/package-summary#SwipeToDismiss(androidx.compose.material.DismissState,%20androidx.compose.ui.Modifier,%20kotlin.collections.Set,%20kotlin.Function1,%20kotlin.Function1,%20kotlin.Function1))\ncomposable). The horizontal offset of the element is represented as an\n`Animatable`. This API has a characteristic useful in gesture animation. Its\nvalue can be changed by touch events as well as the animation. When we receive a\ntouch down event, we stop the `Animatable` by the `stop` method so that any\nongoing animation is intercepted.\n\nDuring a drag event, we use `snapTo` to update the `Animatable` value with the\nvalue calculated from touch events. For fling, Compose provides\n`VelocityTracker` to record drag events and calculate velocity. The velocity can\nbe fed directly to `animateDecay` for the fling animation. When we want to slide\nthe offset value back to the original position, we specify the target offset\nvalue of `0f` with the `animateTo` method.\n\n\n```kotlin\nfun Modifier.swipeToDismiss(\n onDismissed: () -\u003e Unit\n): Modifier = composed {\n val offsetX = remember { Animatable(0f) }\n pointerInput(Unit) {\n // Used to calculate fling decay.\n val decay = splineBasedDecay\u003cFloat\u003e(this)\n // Use suspend functions for touch events and the Animatable.\n coroutineScope {\n while (true) {\n val velocityTracker = VelocityTracker()\n // Stop any ongoing animation.\n offsetX.stop()\n awaitPointerEventScope {\n // Detect a touch down event.\n val pointerId = awaitFirstDown().id\n\n horizontalDrag(pointerId) { change -\u003e\n // Update the animation value with touch events.\n launch {\n offsetX.snapTo(\n offsetX.value + change.positionChange().x\n )\n }\n velocityTracker.addPosition(\n change.uptimeMillis,\n change.position\n )\n }\n }\n // No longer receiving touch events. Prepare the animation.\n val velocity = velocityTracker.calculateVelocity().x\n val targetOffsetX = decay.calculateTargetValue(\n offsetX.value,\n velocity\n )\n // The animation stops when it reaches the bounds.\n offsetX.updateBounds(\n lowerBound = -size.width.toFloat(),\n upperBound = size.width.toFloat()\n )\n launch {\n if (targetOffsetX.absoluteValue \u003c= size.width) {\n // Not enough velocity; Slide back.\n offsetX.animateTo(\n targetValue = 0f,\n initialVelocity = velocity\n )\n } else {\n // The element was swiped away.\n offsetX.animateDecay(velocity, decay)\n onDismissed()\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n .offset { IntOffset(offsetX.value.roundToInt(), 0) }\n}https://github.com/android/snippets/blob/5673ffc60b614daf028ee936227128eb8c4f9781/compose/snippets/src/main/java/com/example/compose/snippets/animations/AdvancedAnimationSnippets.kt#L94-L152\n```\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nRecommended for you\n\n- Note: link text is displayed when JavaScript is off\n- [Value-based animations](/develop/ui/compose/animation/value-based)\n- [Drag, swipe, and fling](/develop/ui/compose/touch-input/pointer-input/drag-swipe-fling)\n- [Understand gestures](/develop/ui/compose/touch-input/pointer-input/understand-gestures)"]]