使用 MediaPlayer 和数字版权管理 (DRM)
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
从 Android 8.0(API 级别 26)开始,MediaPlayer
包含支持播放受 DRM 保护的资料的 API。MediaPlayer DRM API 与 MediaDrm
提供的低级别 API 类似,但前者是在较高级别运行,并且不会公开底层提取器、DRM 和加密对象。
尽管 MediaPlayer DRM API 并不提供 MediaDrm
的完整功能,但它支持最常见的使用情形。当前实现可以处理以下内容类型:
- 受 Widevine 保护的本地媒体文件
- 受 Widevine 保护的远程或流式传输媒体文件
以下代码段演示了如何在同步实现中使用新的 DRM MediaPlayer
方法。
如需管理受 DRM 控制的媒体,您需要在 MediaPlayer 调用的常规流程中包含新的方法,如以下示例所示:
Kotlin
mediaPlayer?.apply {
setDataSource()
setOnDrmConfigHelper() // optional, for custom configuration
prepare()
drmInfo?.also {
prepareDrm()
getKeyRequest()
provideKeyResponse()
}
// MediaPlayer is now ready to use
start()
// ...play/pause/resume...
stop()
releaseDrm()
}
Java
setDataSource();
setOnDrmConfigHelper(); // optional, for custom configuration
prepare();
if (getDrmInfo() != null) {
prepareDrm();
getKeyRequest();
provideKeyResponse();
}
// MediaPlayer is now ready to use
start();
// ...play/pause/resume...
stop();
releaseDrm();
首先,像往常一样初始化 MediaPlayer
对象并使用 setDataSource()
来设置其来源。然后,要使用 DRM,请执行以下步骤:
- 如果您希望应用执行自定义配置,请定义
OnDrmConfigHelper
接口,并使用 setOnDrmConfigHelper()
将其附加到播放器。
- 调用
prepare()
。
- 调用
getDrmInfo()
。如果来源具有 DRM 内容,则该方法会返回一个非 null MediaPlayer.DrmInfo
值。
如果 MediaPlayer.DrmInfo
存在:
- 检查可用 UUID 的映射,然后选择一个。
- 通过调用
prepareDrm()
为当前来源准备 DRM 配置。
- 如需获取不透明的密钥请求字节数组以发送到许可服务器,请调用
getKeyRequest()
。
- 如需向 DRM 引擎告知从许可服务器接收到的密钥响应,请调用
provideKeyResponse()
。结果取决于密钥请求的类型:
- 如果响应针对的是离线密钥请求,则结果为密钥组标识符。您可以将此密钥组标识符与
restoreKeys()
结合使用,以将这些密钥恢复到新的会话中。
- 如果响应针对的是流式传输或发布请求,则结果为 null。
异步准备 DRM
默认情况下,prepareDrm()
会同步运行,阻塞会持续到准备工作完成。不过,在新设备上进行的首次 DRM 准备可能还需要进行配置,该问题由 prepareDrm()
在内部进行处理,并且由于涉及网络操作,可能需要一些时间才能完成。您可以通过定义和设置 MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener
来避免阻塞 prepareDrm()
。
设置 OnDrmPreparedListener
。prepareDrm()
会在后台执行配置(如果需要)和准备工作。配置和准备工作完成后,系统会调用监听器。请勿对调用顺序或运行监听器的线程做任何假设(除非您将监听器注册到处理程序线程)。系统可以在 prepareDrm()
返回前后调用该监听器。
异步设置 DRM
您可以创建和注册用于进行 DRM 准备的 MediaPlayer.OnDrmInfoListener
以及用于启动播放器的 MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener
,从而异步初始化 DRM。它们能够与 prepareAsync()
结合使用,如以下示例所示:
Kotlin
setOnPreparedListener()
setOnDrmInfoListener()
setDataSource()
prepareAsync()
// ...
// If the data source content is protected you receive a call to the onDrmInfo() callback.
override fun onDrmInfo(mediaPlayer: MediaPlayer, drmInfo: MediaPlayer.DrmInfo) {
mediaPlayer.apply {
prepareDrm()
getKeyRequest()
provideKeyResponse()
}
}
// When prepareAsync() finishes, you receive a call to the onPrepared() callback.
// If there is a DRM, onDrmInfo() sets it up before executing this callback,
// so you can start the player.
override fun onPrepared(mediaPlayer: MediaPlayer) {
mediaPlayer.start()
}
Java
setOnPreparedListener();
setOnDrmInfoListener();
setDataSource();
prepareAsync();
// ...
// If the data source content is protected you receive a call to the onDrmInfo() callback.
onDrmInfo() {
prepareDrm();
getKeyRequest();
provideKeyResponse();
}
// When prepareAsync() finishes, you receive a call to the onPrepared() callback.
// If there is a DRM, onDrmInfo() sets it up before executing this callback,
// so you can start the player.
onPrepared() {
start();
}
处理加密媒体
从 Android 8.0(API 级别 26)开始,MediaPlayer
还可以为基本的流类型 H.264 和 AAC 解密通用加密方案 (CENC) 和 HLS 样本级加密媒体 (METHOD=SAMPLE-AES)。之前支持全分段加密媒体 (METHOD=AES-128)。
了解详情
Jetpack Media3 是应用中播放媒体的推荐解决方案。了解详情。
以下页面介绍了有关录制、存储以及播放音频和视频的主题:
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。
[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["没有我需要的信息","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["太复杂/步骤太多","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["内容需要更新","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["示例/代码问题","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-27。"],[],[],null,["# Work with MediaPlayer and Digital Rights Management (DRM)\n\nStarting with Android 8.0 (API level 26), [`MediaPlayer`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer) includes APIs that\nsupport the playback of DRM-protected material. The MediaPlayer DRM APIs are\nsimilar to the low-level API provided by [`MediaDrm`](/reference/android/media/MediaDrm), but they operate at a\nhigher level and don't expose the underlying extractor, DRM, and crypto objects.\n\nAlthough the MediaPlayer DRM API does not provide the full functionality of\n[`MediaDrm`](/reference/android/media/MediaDrm), it supports the most common use cases. The current\nimplementation can handle the following content types:\n\n- Widevine-protected local media files\n- Widevine-protected remote or streaming media files\n\nThe following code snippet demonstrates how to use the new DRM `MediaPlayer`\nmethods in a synchronous implementation.\n\nTo manage DRM-controlled media, you need to include the new methods alongside\nthe usual flow of MediaPlayer calls, as shown in this example: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n mediaPlayer?.apply {\n setDataSource()\n setOnDrmConfigHelper() // optional, for custom configuration\n prepare()\n drmInfo?.also {\n prepareDrm()\n getKeyRequest()\n provideKeyResponse()\n }\n\n // MediaPlayer is now ready to use\n start()\n // ...play/pause/resume...\n stop()\n releaseDrm()\n }\n\n### Java\n\n setDataSource();\n setOnDrmConfigHelper(); // optional, for custom configuration\n prepare();\n if (getDrmInfo() != null) {\n prepareDrm();\n getKeyRequest();\n provideKeyResponse();\n }\n\n // MediaPlayer is now ready to use\n start();\n // ...play/pause/resume...\n stop();\n releaseDrm();\n\nStart by initializing the [`MediaPlayer`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer) object and setting its source using\n[`setDataSource()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#setDataSource(android.content.Context,%20android.net.Uri)), as usual. Then, to use DRM, perform these steps:\n\n1. If you want your app to perform custom configuration, define an [`OnDrmConfigHelper`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmConfigHelper) interface, and attach it to the player using [`setOnDrmConfigHelper()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#setOnDrmConfigHelper(android.media.MediaPlayer.OnDrmConfigHelper)).\n2. Call [`prepare()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepare()).\n3. Call [`getDrmInfo()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#getDrmInfo()). If the source has DRM content, the method returns a non-null [`MediaPlayer.DrmInfo`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.DrmInfo) value.\n\nIf [`MediaPlayer.DrmInfo`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.DrmInfo) exists:\n\n1. Examine the map of available UUIDs and choose one.\n2. Prepare the DRM configuration for the current source by calling [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)).\n - If you created and registered an [`OnDrmConfigHelper`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmConfigHelper) callback, it is called while [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) is executing. This lets you perform custom configuration of the DRM properties before opening the DRM session. The callback is called synchronously in the thread that called [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)). To access the DRM properties, call [`getDrmPropertyString()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#getDrmPropertyString(java.lang.String)) and [`setDrmPropertyString()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#setDrmPropertyString(java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String)). Avoid performing lengthy operations.\n - If the device has not yet been provisioned, [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) also accesses the provisioning server to provision the device. This can take a variable amount of time, depending on the network connectivity.\n3. To get an opaque key request byte array to send to a license server, call [`getKeyRequest()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#getKeyRequest(byte%5B%5D,%20byte%5B%5D,%20java.lang.String,%20int,%20java.util.Map%3Cjava.lang.String,%20java.lang.String%3E)).\n4. To inform the DRM engine about the key response received from the license server, call [`provideKeyResponse()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#provideKeyResponse(byte%5B%5D,%20byte%5B%5D)). The result depends on the type of key request:\n - If the response is for an offline key request, the result is a key-set identifier. You can use this key-set identifier with [`restoreKeys()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#restoreKeys(byte%5B%5D)) to restore the keys to a new session.\n - If the response is for a streaming or release request, the result is null.\n\nPrepare DRM asynchronously\n--------------------------\n\nBy default, [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) runs synchronously, blocking until preparation\nfinishes. However, the very first DRM preparation on a new device may also\nrequire provisioning, which [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) handles internally, and may take\nsome time to finish due to the network operation involved. You can avoid\nblocking on [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) by defining and setting a\n[`MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener).\n\nSet an [`OnDrmPreparedListener`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener). [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) performs the\nprovisioning (if needed) and preparation in the background. When provisioning\nand preparation finish, the system calls the listener. Don't make any\nassumptions about the calling sequence or the thread in which the listener runs\n(unless you register the listener with a handler thread). The system can call\nthe listener before or after [`prepareDrm()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareDrm(java.util.UUID)) returns.\n\nSet up DRM asynchronously\n-------------------------\n\nYou can initialize the DRM asynchronously by creating and registering the\n[`MediaPlayer.OnDrmInfoListener`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmInfoListener) for DRM preparation and the\n[`MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer.OnDrmPreparedListener) to start the player. They work in\nconjunction with [`prepareAsync()`](/reference/android/media/MediaPlayer#prepareAsync()), as shown in this example: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n setOnPreparedListener()\n setOnDrmInfoListener()\n setDataSource()\n prepareAsync()\n // ...\n\n // If the data source content is protected you receive a call to the onDrmInfo() callback.\n override fun onDrmInfo(mediaPlayer: MediaPlayer, drmInfo: MediaPlayer.DrmInfo) {\n mediaPlayer.apply {\n prepareDrm()\n getKeyRequest()\n provideKeyResponse()\n }\n }\n\n // When prepareAsync() finishes, you receive a call to the onPrepared() callback.\n // If there is a DRM, onDrmInfo() sets it up before executing this callback,\n // so you can start the player.\n override fun onPrepared(mediaPlayer: MediaPlayer) {\n mediaPlayer.start()\n }\n\n### Java\n\n setOnPreparedListener();\n setOnDrmInfoListener();\n setDataSource();\n prepareAsync();\n // ...\n\n // If the data source content is protected you receive a call to the onDrmInfo() callback.\n onDrmInfo() {\n prepareDrm();\n getKeyRequest();\n provideKeyResponse();\n }\n\n // When prepareAsync() finishes, you receive a call to the onPrepared() callback.\n // If there is a DRM, onDrmInfo() sets it up before executing this callback,\n // so you can start the player.\n onPrepared() {\n\n start();\n }\n\nHandle encrypted media\n----------------------\n\nStarting with Android 8.0 (API level 26) `MediaPlayer` can also decrypt Common\nEncryption Scheme (CENC) and HLS sample-level encrypted media\n(METHOD=SAMPLE-AES) for the elementary stream types H.264, and AAC. Full-segment\nencrypted media (METHOD=AES-128) was previously supported.\n\nLearn more\n----------\n\nJetpack Media3 is the recommended solution for media playback in your app. [Read\nmore](/media/media3) about it.\n\nThese pages cover topics relating to recording, storing, and playing back audio\nand video:\n\n- [Supported Media Formats](/guide/topics/media/media-formats)\n- [MediaRecorder](/guide/topics/media/mediarecorder)\n- [Data Storage](/guide/topics/data/data-storage)"]]