Audiowiedergabe verbessern
Mit Sammlungen den Überblick behalten
Sie können Inhalte basierend auf Ihren Einstellungen speichern und kategorisieren.
Wenn Sie versuchen, über die USB-APIs direkt auf das USB-Audio-Peripheriegerät zuzugreifen,
wenn Probleme auftreten. Zu diesen Problemen zählen unter anderem Sicherheitsprobleme, die Einschränkung von Medien
Wiedergabe von anderen Apps sowie den Verlust von Alarmen, Benachrichtigungen und Klingeltönen
USB-Geräte
Konfigurieren Sie zur Verbesserung der Audiowiedergabe stattdessen die Mixerattribute.
Mit der Methode
AudioMixerAttributes
APIs
können Sie Ihre App mit bevorzugten Mixerattributen über USB konfigurieren.
Wenn die Wiedergabe deiner App mit dem Codierungsformat, der Kanalmaske und dem Sample übereinstimmt
der bevorzugten Mixer-Attribute festlegen, wird die Wiedergabe an die
Ausgabestream, dessen Mischer mit den bevorzugten Mixerattributen konfiguriert ist.
Ihre App kann mit jeder Konfiguration an die Hardwareabstraktion streamen
Layer (HAL) und an das Gerät übertragen, sofern das USB-Gerät die
Konfiguration.
Die beiden zulässigen Mischverhaltensweisen in AudioMixerAttributes
sind DEFAULT
und
BIT_PERFECT
Lautet das Mischerverhalten DEFAULT
, bedeutet das,
Daten aus verschiedenen Quellen vermischt sind.
Wenn das Mischpult auf „BIT_PERFECT
“ eingestellt ist, gibt es kein Audiomixing, keine Lautstärkeanpassung.
oder „Audio verarbeitet“ wird auf die Wiedergabe angewendet. Die Daten werden gesendet als
zum HAL und schließlich zum USB-Gerät.
Mit BIT_PERFECT
kannst du direkt streamen
Digital (DSD) Over Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) auf Android-Mobilgeräten.
Das folgende Codebeispiel zeigt, wie dies erreicht werden kann:
Kotlin
val EXPECTED_FORMAT: AudioFormat = AudioFormat.Builder()
.setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_24BIT_PACKED)
.setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO)
.setSampleRate(44100)
.build()
fun startPlayback() {
// Query all supported mixer attributes
val mixerAttributesList: List<AudioMixerAttributes?> =
mAudioManager.getSupportedMixerAttributes(usbDevice)
// Find the wanted mixer attributes
val mixerAttributes = mixerAttributesList.stream()
.filter { mixerAttr: AudioMixerAttributes? ->
EXPECTED_FORMAT.equals(
mixerAttr!!.format
)
}
.findAny()
.orElse(null)
// Register a listener to mixer attributes changed
val listener = MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener()
mAudioManager.addOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), listener
)
// Currently, only media usage over USB devices will be allowed
val attr: AudioAttributes = AudioAttributes.Builder()
.setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA).build()
// Set preferred mixer attributes
mAudioManager.setPreferredMixerAttributes(
attr, usbDevice, mixerAttributes
)
// Start playback, note the playback and the audio format must
// match what is set when calling `setPreferredMixerAttriutes`
// API.
val audioTrack = AudioTrack.Builder()
.setAudioAttributes(attr)
.setAudioFormat(mixerAttributes!!.format)
.build()
// Clear all preferred mixer attributes related stuff when
// playback task is completed
mAudioManager.clearPreferredMixerAttributes(attr, usbDevice)
mAudioManager.removeOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(listener)
}
private class MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener :
AudioManager.OnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener {
override fun onPreferredMixerAttributesChanged(
attributes: AudioAttributes,
device: AudioDeviceInfo,
mixerAttributes: AudioMixerAttributes?,
) {
// Do something when preferred mixer attributes changed
}
}
Java
final AudioFormat EXPECTED_FORMAT = new AudioFormat.Builder()
.setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_24BIT_PACKED)
.setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO)
.setSampleRate(44100)
.build();
void startPlayback() {
// Query all supported mixer attributes
List<AudioMixerAttributes> mixerAttributesList =
mAudioManager.getSupportedMixerAttributes(usbDevice);
// Find the wanted mixer attributes
AudioMixerAttributes mixerAttributes =
mixerAttributesList.stream()
.filter(mixerAttr -> EXPECTED_FORMAT.equals(mixerAttr.getFormat()))
.findAny()
.orElse(null);
// Register a listener to mixer attributes changed
MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener listener =
new MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener();
mAudioManager.addOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), listener);
// Currently, only media usage over USB devices will be allowed
AudioAttributes attr = new AudioAttributes.Builder()
.setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA).build();
// Set preferred mixer attributes
mAudioManager.setPreferredMixerAttributes(
attr, usbDevice, mixerAttributes);
// Start playback, note the playback and the audio format must
// match what is set when calling `setPreferredMixerAttriutes`
// API.
AudioTrack audioTrack = new AudioTrack.Builder()
.setAudioAttributes(attr)
.setAudioFormat(mixerAttributes.getFormat())
.build();
// Clear all preferred mixer attributes related stuff when
// playback task is completed
mAudioManager.clearPreferredMixerAttributes(attr, usbDevice);
mAudioManager.removeOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(
listener);
}
private class MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener
implements AudioManager.OnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener {
@Override
public void onPreferredMixerAttributesChanged(
AudioAttributes attributes,
AudioDeviceInfo device,
AudioMixerAttributes mixerAttributes) {
// Do something when preferred mixer attributes changed
}
}
Alle Inhalte und Codebeispiele auf dieser Seite unterliegen den Lizenzen wie im Abschnitt Inhaltslizenz beschrieben. Java und OpenJDK sind Marken oder eingetragene Marken von Oracle und/oder seinen Tochtergesellschaften.
Zuletzt aktualisiert: 2025-07-27 (UTC).
[[["Leicht verständlich","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Mein Problem wurde gelöst","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Sonstiges","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Benötigte Informationen nicht gefunden","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Zu umständlich/zu viele Schritte","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Nicht mehr aktuell","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problem mit der Übersetzung","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problem mit Beispielen/Code","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Sonstiges","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Zuletzt aktualisiert: 2025-07-27 (UTC)."],[],[],null,["# Improve audio playback\n\nWhen you try to directly access the USB audio peripheral using the USB APIs,\nproblems arise. These problems can include: security issues, limiting media\nplayback from other apps, and loss of alarms, notifications, and ringtones over\nUSB devices.\n\nTo improve audio playback, instead configure the mixer attributes.\n\n### Configure mixer attributes\n\nBy using the\n[`AudioMixerAttributes`](/reference/android/media/AudioMixerAttributes) APIs,\nyou can configure your app with preferred mixer attributes over USB.\n\nWhen your app playback matches the encoding format, channel mask, and sample\nrate of the preferred mixer attributes, the playback is attached to the audio\noutput stream whose mixer is configured with the preferred mixer attributes.\n\nYour app can stream at any configuration to the hardware abstraction\nlayer (HAL), and to the device, as long as the USB device supports the\nconfiguration.\n\nThe two allowed mixer behaviors in `AudioMixerAttributes` are `DEFAULT` and\n`BIT_PERFECT`. When the mixer behavior is `DEFAULT`, it indicates that audio\ndata from different sources is mixed.\n\nWhen the mixer behavior is `BIT_PERFECT`, no audio mixing, volume adjustment,\nor audio processed effect is applied to the playback. The data is sent as\nis to the HAL and finally down to the USB device.\n\nUsing `BIT_PERFECT` lets you direct stream\ndigital (DSD) over pulse code modulation (PCM) on Android-powered devices.\nThe following code sample shows how this can be accomplished: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval EXPECTED_FORMAT: AudioFormat = AudioFormat.Builder()\n .setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_24BIT_PACKED)\n .setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO)\n .setSampleRate(44100)\n .build()\n\nfun startPlayback() {\n // Query all supported mixer attributes\n val mixerAttributesList: List\u003cAudioMixerAttributes?\u003e =\n mAudioManager.getSupportedMixerAttributes(usbDevice)\n\n // Find the wanted mixer attributes\n val mixerAttributes = mixerAttributesList.stream()\n .filter { mixerAttr: AudioMixerAttributes? -\u003e\n EXPECTED_FORMAT.equals(\n mixerAttr!!.format\n )\n }\n .findAny()\n .orElse(null)\n\n // Register a listener to mixer attributes changed\n val listener = MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener()\n mAudioManager.addOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(\n Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), listener\n )\n\n // Currently, only media usage over USB devices will be allowed\n val attr: AudioAttributes = AudioAttributes.Builder()\n .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA).build()\n // Set preferred mixer attributes\n mAudioManager.setPreferredMixerAttributes(\n attr, usbDevice, mixerAttributes\n )\n\n // Start playback, note the playback and the audio format must\n // match what is set when calling `setPreferredMixerAttriutes`\n // API.\n val audioTrack = AudioTrack.Builder()\n .setAudioAttributes(attr)\n .setAudioFormat(mixerAttributes!!.format)\n .build()\n\n // Clear all preferred mixer attributes related stuff when\n // playback task is completed\n mAudioManager.clearPreferredMixerAttributes(attr, usbDevice)\n mAudioManager.removeOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(listener)\n}\n\nprivate class MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener :\n AudioManager.OnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener {\n override fun onPreferredMixerAttributesChanged(\n attributes: AudioAttributes,\n device: AudioDeviceInfo,\n mixerAttributes: AudioMixerAttributes?,\n ) {\n // Do something when preferred mixer attributes changed\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nfinal AudioFormat EXPECTED_FORMAT = new AudioFormat.Builder()\n .setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_24BIT_PACKED)\n .setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO)\n .setSampleRate(44100)\n .build();\n\nvoid startPlayback() {\n // Query all supported mixer attributes\n List\u003cAudioMixerAttributes\u003e mixerAttributesList =\n mAudioManager.getSupportedMixerAttributes(usbDevice);\n\n // Find the wanted mixer attributes\n AudioMixerAttributes mixerAttributes =\n mixerAttributesList.stream()\n .filter(mixerAttr -\u003e EXPECTED_FORMAT.equals(mixerAttr.getFormat()))\n .findAny()\n .orElse(null);\n\n // Register a listener to mixer attributes changed\n MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener listener =\n new MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener();\n mAudioManager.addOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(\n Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(), listener);\n\n // Currently, only media usage over USB devices will be allowed\n AudioAttributes attr = new AudioAttributes.Builder()\n .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA).build();\n // Set preferred mixer attributes\n mAudioManager.setPreferredMixerAttributes(\n attr, usbDevice, mixerAttributes);\n\n // Start playback, note the playback and the audio format must\n // match what is set when calling `setPreferredMixerAttriutes`\n // API.\n AudioTrack audioTrack = new AudioTrack.Builder()\n .setAudioAttributes(attr)\n .setAudioFormat(mixerAttributes.getFormat())\n .build();\n\n // Clear all preferred mixer attributes related stuff when\n // playback task is completed\n mAudioManager.clearPreferredMixerAttributes(attr, usbDevice);\n mAudioManager.removeOnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener(\n listener);\n}\n\nprivate class MyPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener\n implements AudioManager.OnPreferredMixerAttributesChangedListener {\n @Override\n public void onPreferredMixerAttributesChanged(\n AudioAttributes attributes,\n AudioDeviceInfo device,\n AudioMixerAttributes mixerAttributes) {\n // Do something when preferred mixer attributes changed\n }\n}\n```"]]