在某些情況下,您可能需要提供自訂執行緒策略。適用對象
例如,您可能需要處理以回呼為基礎的非同步作業。
WorkManager 支援以下用途:
ListenableWorker
。
ListenableWorker
是最基本的工作站 API;
Worker
,
CoroutineWorker
和
RxWorker
都來自這個類別。A 罩杯
只有在工作開始和停止及離開時,ListenableWorker
才會發出信號
要完全由您決定系統會在主要主機上叫用啟動工作信號
所以一定要前往
抽象方法
ListenableWorker.startWork()
敬上
會傳回ListenableFuture
Result
。A 罩杯
ListenableFuture
是輕量的介面,也就是提供以下服務的 Future
附加事件監聽器及傳播例外狀況的功能在
startWork
方法,應傳回 ListenableFuture
,
會在作業完成後,根據作業的 Result
進行設定。您可以建立
ListenableFuture
執行個體,以下列兩種方式之一:
- 如果您使用的是 Guava,請使用
ListeningExecutorService
。 - 否則,請加入
councurrent-futures
敬上 ,然後使用CallbackToFutureAdapter
。
如要根據非同步回呼執行某些工作,您必須 就像這樣:
Kotlin
class CallbackWorker( context: Context, params: WorkerParameters ) : ListenableWorker(context, params) { override fun startWork(): ListenableFuture<Result> { return CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture { completer -> val callback = object : Callback { var successes = 0 override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) { completer.setException(e) } override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) { successes++ if (successes == 100) { completer.set(Result.success()) } } } repeat(100) { downloadAsynchronously("https://example.com", callback) } callback } } }
Java
public class CallbackWorker extends ListenableWorker { public CallbackWorker(Context context, WorkerParameters params) { super(context, params); } @NonNull @Override public ListenableFuture<Result> startWork() { return CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(completer -> { Callback callback = new Callback() { int successes = 0; @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { completer.setException(e); } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) { successes++; if (successes == 100) { completer.set(Result.success()); } } }; for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { downloadAsynchronously("https://www.example.com", callback); } return callback; }); } }
如果您的工作是
停止?
在工作期間,ListenableWorker
的 ListenableFuture
一律會取消
預期會停止使用 CallbackToFutureAdapter
,您只需新增
取消接聽器,如下所示:
Kotlin
class CallbackWorker( context: Context, params: WorkerParameters ) : ListenableWorker(context, params) { override fun startWork(): ListenableFuture<Result> { return CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture { completer -> val callback = object : Callback { var successes = 0 override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) { completer.setException(e) } override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) { ++successes if (successes == 100) { completer.set(Result.success()) } } } completer.addCancellationListener(cancelDownloadsRunnable, executor) repeat(100) { downloadAsynchronously("https://example.com", callback) } callback } } }
Java
public class CallbackWorker extends ListenableWorker { public CallbackWorker(Context context, WorkerParameters params) { super(context, params); } @NonNull @Override public ListenableFuture<Result> startWork() { return CallbackToFutureAdapter.getFuture(completer -> { Callback callback = new Callback() { int successes = 0; @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { completer.setException(e); } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) { ++successes; if (successes == 100) { completer.set(Result.success()); } } }; completer.addCancellationListener(cancelDownloadsRunnable, executor); for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) { downloadAsynchronously("https://www.example.com", callback); } return callback; }); } }
以其他程序執行 ReadableWorker
您也可以使用 ListenableWorker
導入 RemoteListenableWorker
,將工作站繫結至特定程序。
RemoteListenableWorker
會繫結至特定程序,其中包含兩個額外的引數,並在建立作業要求時做為輸入資料的一部分:ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME
和 ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME
。
下列範例說明建立與特定程序繫結的作業要求:
Kotlin
val PACKAGE_NAME = "com.example.background.multiprocess" val serviceName = RemoteWorkerService::class.java.name val componentName = ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName) val data: Data = Data.Builder() .putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.packageName) .putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.className) .build() return OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteListenableWorker::class.java) .setInputData(data) .build()
Java
String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.example.background.multiprocess"; String serviceName = RemoteWorkerService.class.getName(); ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName); Data data = new Data.Builder() .putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.getPackageName()) .putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.getClassName()) .build(); return new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteListenableWorker.class) .setInputData(data) .build();
針對每個 RemoteWorkerService
,您必須在 AndroidManifest.xml
檔案中新增服務定義:
<manifest ... > <service android:name="androidx.work.multiprocess.RemoteWorkerService" android:exported="false" android:process=":worker1" /> <service android:name=".RemoteWorkerService2" android:exported="false" android:process=":worker2" /> ... </manifest>