轉移藍牙資料
透過集合功能整理內容
你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
成功連線至藍牙後
每部裝置
CANNOT TRANSLATE
BluetoothSocket
。您現在可以
可在裝置間分享資訊。使用 BluetoothSocket
時,系統會採用
轉移資料的程序如下:
取得 InputStream
和
處理傳輸作業的 OutputStream
經由通訊端
getInputStream()
和
getOutputStream()
、
。
使用下列指令將資料讀取及寫入串流
read(byte[])
和
write(byte[])
。
當然,還有實作細節需要考量。我們特別準備
使用專屬執行緒從串流讀取及寫入資料。
這一點非常重要,因為 read(byte[])
和 write(byte[])
方法皆有
就會發出封鎖呼叫。read(byte[])
方法會遭到封鎖,直到有元件出現為止
從串流中讀取資料write(byte[])
方法通常不會封鎖,但這會導致
可以禁止遠端裝置未呼叫 read(byte[])
時使用流量控制
並讓中繼緩衝區變滿因此
應在執行緒中分配主要迴圈,以便從 InputStream
讀取。
您可以在執行緒中使用獨立的公開方法,開始寫入
OutputStream
。
範例
以下範例說明如何在兩個裝置之間轉移資料
已透過藍牙連線:
Kotlin
private const val TAG = "MY_APP_DEBUG_TAG"
// Defines several constants used when transmitting messages between the
// service and the UI.
const val MESSAGE_READ: Int = 0
const val MESSAGE_WRITE: Int = 1
const val MESSAGE_TOAST: Int = 2
// ... (Add other message types here as needed.)
class MyBluetoothService(
// handler that gets info from Bluetooth service
private val handler: Handler) {
private inner class ConnectedThread(private val mmSocket: BluetoothSocket) : Thread() {
private val mmInStream: InputStream = mmSocket.inputStream
private val mmOutStream: OutputStream = mmSocket.outputStream
private val mmBuffer: ByteArray = ByteArray(1024) // mmBuffer store for the stream
override fun run() {
var numBytes: Int // bytes returned from read()
// Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs.
while (true) {
// Read from the InputStream.
numBytes = try {
mmInStream.read(mmBuffer)
} catch (e: IOException) {
Log.d(TAG, "Input stream was disconnected", e)
break
}
// Send the obtained bytes to the UI activity.
val readMsg = handler.obtainMessage(
MESSAGE_READ, numBytes, -1,
mmBuffer)
readMsg.sendToTarget()
}
}
// Call this from the main activity to send data to the remote device.
fun write(bytes: ByteArray) {
try {
mmOutStream.write(bytes)
} catch (e: IOException) {
Log.e(TAG, "Error occurred when sending data", e)
// Send a failure message back to the activity.
val writeErrorMsg = handler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_TOAST)
val bundle = Bundle().apply {
putString("toast", "Couldn't send data to the other device")
}
writeErrorMsg.data = bundle
handler.sendMessage(writeErrorMsg)
return
}
// Share the sent message with the UI activity.
val writtenMsg = handler.obtainMessage(
MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, mmBuffer)
writtenMsg.sendToTarget()
}
// Call this method from the main activity to shut down the connection.
fun cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close()
} catch (e: IOException) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the connect socket", e)
}
}
}
}
Java
public class MyBluetoothService {
private static final String TAG = "MY_APP_DEBUG_TAG";
private Handler handler; // handler that gets info from Bluetooth service
// Defines several constants used when transmitting messages between the
// service and the UI.
private interface MessageConstants {
public static final int MESSAGE_READ = 0;
public static final int MESSAGE_WRITE = 1;
public static final int MESSAGE_TOAST = 2;
// ... (Add other message types here as needed.)
}
private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;
private final InputStream mmInStream;
private final OutputStream mmOutStream;
private byte[] mmBuffer; // mmBuffer store for the stream
public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {
mmSocket = socket;
InputStream tmpIn = null;
OutputStream tmpOut = null;
// Get the input and output streams; using temp objects because
// member streams are final.
try {
tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Error occurred when creating input stream", e);
}
try {
tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Error occurred when creating output stream", e);
}
mmInStream = tmpIn;
mmOutStream = tmpOut;
}
public void run() {
mmBuffer = new byte[1024];
int numBytes; // bytes returned from read()
// Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs.
while (true) {
try {
// Read from the InputStream.
numBytes = mmInStream.read(mmBuffer);
// Send the obtained bytes to the UI activity.
Message readMsg = handler.obtainMessage(
MessageConstants.MESSAGE_READ, numBytes, -1,
mmBuffer);
readMsg.sendToTarget();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.d(TAG, "Input stream was disconnected", e);
break;
}
}
}
// Call this from the main activity to send data to the remote device.
public void write(byte[] bytes) {
try {
mmOutStream.write(bytes);
// Share the sent message with the UI activity.
Message writtenMsg = handler.obtainMessage(
MessageConstants.MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, mmBuffer);
writtenMsg.sendToTarget();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Error occurred when sending data", e);
// Send a failure message back to the activity.
Message writeErrorMsg =
handler.obtainMessage(MessageConstants.MESSAGE_TOAST);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putString("toast",
"Couldn't send data to the other device");
writeErrorMsg.setData(bundle);
handler.sendMessage(writeErrorMsg);
}
}
// Call this method from the main activity to shut down the connection.
public void cancel() {
try {
mmSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Could not close the connect socket", e);
}
}
}
}
建構函式取得必要的串流後,執行緒會等待資料
通過 InputStream
。當 read(byte[])
傳回下列來源的資料時
在串流中,資料會透過成員傳送到主要活動
父項類別中的 Handler
。討論串
然後等待從 InputStream
讀取更多位元組。
如要傳送傳出資料,您需要從主執行緒呼叫執行緒的 write()
方法
活動並傳入要傳送的位元組。這個方法會呼叫 write(byte[])
來
傳送資料到遠端裝置。如果
呼叫時擲回 IOException
write(byte[])
,執行緒會傳送浮動式訊息至主要活動,說明
裝置無法將指定位元組傳送至另一端的使用者
(已連線) 裝置。
執行緒的 cancel()
方法可讓您隨時終止連線
關閉 BluetoothSocket
。完成後一律呼叫這個方法
並且使用藍牙連線
如需藍牙 API 的使用示範,請參閱 Bluetooth Chat 範例
應用程式
。
這個頁面中的內容和程式碼範例均受《內容授權》中的授權所規範。Java 與 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其關係企業的商標或註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2025-07-27 (世界標準時間)。
[[["容易理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["確實解決了我的問題","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["缺少我需要的資訊","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["過於複雜/步驟過多","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["過時","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻譯問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["示例/程式碼問題","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["上次更新時間:2025-07-27 (世界標準時間)。"],[],[],null,["# Transfer Bluetooth data\n\nAfter you have successfully [connected to a Bluetooth\ndevice](/develop/connectivity/bluetooth/connect-bluetooth-devices), each\none has a connected\n[`BluetoothSocket`](/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSocket). You can now\nshare information between devices. Using the `BluetoothSocket`, the general\nprocedure to transfer data is as follows:\n\n1. Get the [`InputStream`](/reference/java/io/InputStream) and\n [`OutputStream`](/reference/java/io/OutputStream) that handle transmissions\n through the socket using\n [`getInputStream()`](/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSocket#getInputStream())\n and\n [`getOutputStream()`](/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothSocket#getOutputStream()),\n respectively.\n\n2. Read and write data to the streams using\n [`read(byte[])`](/reference/java/io/InputStream#read(byte%5B%5D)) and\n [`write(byte[])`](/reference/java/io/OutputStream#write(byte%5B%5D)).\n\nThere are, of course, implementation details to consider. In particular, you\nshould use a dedicated thread for reading from the stream and writing to it.\nThis is important because both the `read(byte[])` and `write(byte[])` methods\nare blocking calls. The `read(byte[])` method blocks until there is something to\nread from the stream. The `write(byte[])` method doesn't usually block, but it\ncan block for flow control if the remote device isn't calling `read(byte[])`\nquickly enough and the intermediate buffers become full as a result. So, you\nshould dedicate your main loop in the thread to reading from the `InputStream`.\nYou can use a separate public method in the thread to initiate writes to the\n`OutputStream`.\n\nExample\n-------\n\nThe following is an example of how you can transfer data between two devices\nconnected over Bluetooth: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nprivate const val TAG = \"MY_APP_DEBUG_TAG\"\n\n// Defines several constants used when transmitting messages between the\n// service and the UI.\nconst val MESSAGE_READ: Int = 0\nconst val MESSAGE_WRITE: Int = 1\nconst val MESSAGE_TOAST: Int = 2\n// ... (Add other message types here as needed.)\n\nclass MyBluetoothService(\n // handler that gets info from Bluetooth service\n private val handler: Handler) {\n\n private inner class ConnectedThread(private val mmSocket: BluetoothSocket) : Thread() {\n\n private val mmInStream: InputStream = mmSocket.inputStream\n private val mmOutStream: OutputStream = mmSocket.outputStream\n private val mmBuffer: ByteArray = ByteArray(1024) // mmBuffer store for the stream\n\n override fun run() {\n var numBytes: Int // bytes returned from read()\n\n // Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs.\n while (true) {\n // Read from the InputStream.\n numBytes = try {\n mmInStream.read(mmBuffer)\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n Log.d(TAG, \"Input stream was disconnected\", e)\n break\n }\n\n // Send the obtained bytes to the UI activity.\n val readMsg = handler.obtainMessage(\n MESSAGE_READ, numBytes, -1,\n mmBuffer)\n readMsg.sendToTarget()\n }\n }\n\n // Call this from the main activity to send data to the remote device.\n fun write(bytes: ByteArray) {\n try {\n mmOutStream.write(bytes)\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Error occurred when sending data\", e)\n\n // Send a failure message back to the activity.\n val writeErrorMsg = handler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_TOAST)\n val bundle = Bundle().apply {\n putString(\"toast\", \"Couldn't send data to the other device\")\n }\n writeErrorMsg.data = bundle\n handler.sendMessage(writeErrorMsg)\n return\n }\n\n // Share the sent message with the UI activity.\n val writtenMsg = handler.obtainMessage(\n MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, mmBuffer)\n writtenMsg.sendToTarget()\n }\n\n // Call this method from the main activity to shut down the connection.\n fun cancel() {\n try {\n mmSocket.close()\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Could not close the connect socket\", e)\n }\n }\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\npublic class MyBluetoothService {\n private static final String TAG = \"MY_APP_DEBUG_TAG\";\n private Handler handler; // handler that gets info from Bluetooth service\n\n // Defines several constants used when transmitting messages between the\n // service and the UI.\n private interface MessageConstants {\n public static final int MESSAGE_READ = 0;\n public static final int MESSAGE_WRITE = 1;\n public static final int MESSAGE_TOAST = 2;\n\n // ... (Add other message types here as needed.)\n }\n\n private class ConnectedThread extends Thread {\n private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket;\n private final InputStream mmInStream;\n private final OutputStream mmOutStream;\n private byte[] mmBuffer; // mmBuffer store for the stream\n\n public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) {\n mmSocket = socket;\n InputStream tmpIn = null;\n OutputStream tmpOut = null;\n\n // Get the input and output streams; using temp objects because\n // member streams are final.\n try {\n tmpIn = socket.getInputStream();\n } catch (IOException e) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Error occurred when creating input stream\", e);\n }\n try {\n tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream();\n } catch (IOException e) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Error occurred when creating output stream\", e);\n }\n\n mmInStream = tmpIn;\n mmOutStream = tmpOut;\n }\n\n public void run() {\n mmBuffer = new byte[1024];\n int numBytes; // bytes returned from read()\n\n // Keep listening to the InputStream until an exception occurs.\n while (true) {\n try {\n // Read from the InputStream.\n numBytes = mmInStream.read(mmBuffer);\n // Send the obtained bytes to the UI activity.\n Message readMsg = handler.obtainMessage(\n MessageConstants.MESSAGE_READ, numBytes, -1,\n mmBuffer);\n readMsg.sendToTarget();\n } catch (IOException e) {\n Log.d(TAG, \"Input stream was disconnected\", e);\n break;\n }\n }\n }\n\n // Call this from the main activity to send data to the remote device.\n public void write(byte[] bytes) {\n try {\n mmOutStream.write(bytes);\n\n // Share the sent message with the UI activity.\n Message writtenMsg = handler.obtainMessage(\n MessageConstants.MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, mmBuffer);\n writtenMsg.sendToTarget();\n } catch (IOException e) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Error occurred when sending data\", e);\n\n // Send a failure message back to the activity.\n Message writeErrorMsg =\n handler.obtainMessage(MessageConstants.MESSAGE_TOAST);\n Bundle bundle = new Bundle();\n bundle.putString(\"toast\",\n \"Couldn't send data to the other device\");\n writeErrorMsg.setData(bundle);\n handler.sendMessage(writeErrorMsg);\n }\n }\n\n // Call this method from the main activity to shut down the connection.\n public void cancel() {\n try {\n mmSocket.close();\n } catch (IOException e) {\n Log.e(TAG, \"Could not close the connect socket\", e);\n }\n }\n }\n}\n```\n\nAfter the constructor acquires the necessary streams, the thread waits for data\nto come through the `InputStream`. When `read(byte[])` returns with data from\nthe stream, the data is sent to the main activity using a member\n[`Handler`](/reference/android/os/Handler) from the parent class. The thread\nthen waits for more bytes to be read from the `InputStream`.\n\nTo send outgoing data, you call the thread's `write()` method from the main\nactivity and pass in the bytes to be sent. This method calls `write(byte[])` to\nsend the data to the remote device. If an\n[`IOException`](/reference/java/io/IOException) is thrown when calling\n`write(byte[])`, the thread sends a toast to the main activity, explaining to\nthe user that the device couldn't send the given bytes to the other\n(connected) device.\n\nThe thread's `cancel()` method allows you to terminate the connection at any\ntime by closing the `BluetoothSocket`. Always call this method when you're done\nusing the Bluetooth connection.\n\nFor a demonstration of using the Bluetooth APIs, see the [Bluetooth Chat sample\napp](https://github.com/android/connectivity-samples/tree/master/BluetoothChat)\non GitHub."]]