Smart Lock para contraseñas, que dejó de estar disponible en 2022, ahora se quitó del SDK de Auth de Servicios de Google Play (com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth
) . Para minimizar los cambios rotundos que puedan afectar las integraciones existentes, las funciones de Smart Lock para todas las apps existentes en Play Store continuarán funcionando de forma correcta. Las nuevas versiones de la app compiladas con el SDK actualizado (com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:21.0.0
) ya no pueden acceder a la API de Smart Lock for Password y no se compilarán de forma correcta. Todos los desarrolladores deben migrar sus proyectos de Android para usar el Administrador de credenciales lo antes posible.
Beneficios de migrar a la API de Credential Manager
El Administrador de credenciales ofrece una API simple y unificada que admite funciones y prácticas modernas, a la vez que mejora la experiencia de autenticación de los usuarios:
- El Administrador de credenciales es compatible por completo con la autenticación y el guardado de contraseñas. Es decir, no habrá interrupciones para los usuarios mientras tu app migra de Smart Lock al Administrador de credenciales.
- El Administrador de credenciales integra la compatibilidad con varios métodos de acceso, como llaves de acceso y métodos de acceso federado, por ejemplo, Acceder con Google, para aumentar la seguridad y habilitar la conversión si planeas admitir cualquier método en el futuro.
- A partir de Android 14, el Administrador de credenciales admite proveedores externos de contraseñas y llaves de acceso.
- El Administrador de credenciales proporciona una experiencia del usuario coherente y unificada en todos los métodos de autenticación.
Opciones de migración:
Caso de uso | Recomendación |
---|---|
Guardar la contraseña y acceder con la contraseña guardada | Usa la opción de contraseña de la guía Cómo hacer que el usuario acceda con el Administrador de credenciales. Más adelante, se describen los pasos detallados para la autenticación y el guardado de contraseñas. |
Acceder con Google | Sigue la guía Cómo integrar el Administrador de credenciales con Acceder con Google. |
Mostrarles sugerencias de número de teléfono a los usuarios | Usa la API de Phone Number Hint de Google Identity Services. |
Cómo acceder con contraseñas a través del Administrador de credenciales
Para usar la API de Credential Manager, completa los pasos descritos en la sección de requisitos previos de la guía del Administrador de credenciales y asegúrate de hacer lo siguiente:
- Agregar las dependencias necesarias
- Conservar las clases en el archivo ProGuard
- Agregar compatibilidad con vínculos de recursos digitales (este paso ya debería estar implementado si usas Smart Lock para contraseñas)
- Configurar el Administrador de credenciales
- Indicar campos de credenciales
- Guardar la contraseña del usuario
Cómo acceder con las contraseñas guardadas
Para recuperar todas las opciones de contraseñas asociadas con la cuenta del usuario, completa estos pasos:
1. Inicializa la opción de contraseñas y autenticación.
Kotlin
// Retrieves the user's saved password for your app from their
// password provider.
val getPasswordOption = GetPasswordOption()
Java
// Retrieves the user's saved password for your app from their
// password provider.
GetPasswordOption getPasswordOption = new GetPasswordOption();
2. Usa las opciones recuperadas del paso anterior para compilar la solicitud de acceso.
Kotlin
val getCredRequest = GetCredentialRequest(
listOf(getPasswordOption)
)
Java
GetCredentialRequest getCredRequest = new GetCredentialRequest.Builder()
.addCredentialOption(getPasswordOption)
.build();
3. Inicia el flujo de acceso.
Kotlin
coroutineScope.launch {
try {
// Attempt to retrieve the credential from the Credential Manager.
val result = credentialManager.getCredential(
// Use an activity-based context to avoid undefined system UI
// launching behavior.
context = activityContext,
request = getCredRequest
)
// Process the successfully retrieved credential.
handleSignIn(result)
} catch (e: GetCredentialException) {
// Handle any errors that occur during the credential retrieval
// process.
handleFailure(e)
}
}
fun handleSignIn(result: GetCredentialResponse) {
// Extract the credential from the response.
val credential = result.credential
// Determine the type of credential and handle it accordingly.
when (credential) {
is PasswordCredential -> {
val username = credential.id
val password = credential.password
// Use the extracted username and password to perform
// authentication.
}
else -> {
// Handle unrecognized credential types.
Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected type of credential")
}
}
}
private fun handleFailure(e: GetCredentialException) {
// Handle specific credential retrieval errors.
when (e) {
is GetCredentialCancellationException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when the user intentionally cancels
the credential retrieval operation. Update the application's state
accordingly. */
}
is GetCredentialCustomException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when a custom error occurs during the
credential retrieval flow. Refer to the documentation of the
third-party SDK used to create the GetCredentialRequest for
handling this exception. */
}
is GetCredentialInterruptedException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when an interruption occurs during the
credential retrieval flow. Determine whether to retry the
operation or proceed with an alternative authentication method. */
}
is GetCredentialProviderConfigurationException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when there is a mismatch in
configurations for the credential provider. Verify that the
provider dependency is included in the manifest and that the
required system services are enabled. */
}
is GetCredentialUnknownException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when the credential retrieval
operation fails without providing any additional details. Handle
the error appropriately based on the application's context. */
}
is GetCredentialUnsupportedException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when the device does not support the
Credential Manager feature. Inform the user that credential-based
authentication is unavailable and guide them to an alternative
authentication method. */
}
is NoCredentialException -> {
/* This exception is thrown when there are no viable credentials
available for the user. Prompt the user to sign up for an account
or provide an alternative authentication method. Upon successful
authentication, store the login information using
androidx.credentials.CredentialManager.createCredential to
facilitate easier sign-in the next time. */
}
else -> {
// Handle unexpected exceptions.
Log.w(TAG, "Unexpected exception type: ${e::class.java.name}")
}
}
}
Java
credentialManager.getCredentialAsync(
// Use activity based context to avoid undefined
// system UI launching behavior
activity,
getCredRequest,
cancellationSignal,
<executor>,
new CredentialManagerCallback<GetCredentialResponse, GetCredentialException>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(GetCredentialResponse result) {
handleSignIn(result);
}
@Override
public void onFailure(GetCredentialException e) {
handleFailure(e);
}
}
);
public void handleSignIn(GetCredentialResponse result) {
// Handle the successfully returned credential.
Credential credential = result.getCredential();
if (credential instanceof PasswordCredential) {
String username = ((PasswordCredential) credential).getId();
String password = ((PasswordCredential) credential).getPassword();
// Use ID and password to send to your server to validate and
// authenticate
} else {
// Catch any unrecognized credential type here.
Log.e(TAG, "Unexpected type of credential");
}
}
public void handleFailure(GetCredentialException e) {
if (e instanceof GetCredentialCancellationException) {
/* During the get credential flow, this is thrown when a user
intentionally cancels an operation. When this happens, the application
should handle logic accordingly, typically under indication the user
does not want to see Credential Manager anymore. */
} else if (e instanceof GetCredentialCustomException) {
/* Represents a custom error thrown during a get flow with
CredentialManager. If you get this custom exception, you should match
its type against exception constants defined in any third-party sdk
with which you used to make the
androidx.credentials.GetCredentialRequest, and then handle it
according to the sdk recommendation. */
} else if (e instanceof GetCredentialInterruptedException) {
/* During the get credential flow, this is thrown when some
interruption occurs that may warrant retrying or at least does not
indicate a purposeful desire to close or tap away from Credential
Manager. */
} else if (e instanceof GetCredentialProviderConfigurationException) {
/* During the get credential flow, this is thrown when configurations
are mismatched for the provider, typically indicating the provider
dependency is missing in the manifest or some system service is not
enabled. */
} else if (e instanceof GetCredentialUnknownException) {
// This is thrown when the get credential operation failed with no
// more details.
} else if (e instanceof GetCredentialUnsupportedException) {
/* During the get credential flow, this is thrown when credential
manager is unsupported, typically because the device has disabled it
or did not ship with this feature enabled. */
} else if (e instanceof NoCredentialException) {
/* During the get credential flow, this is returned when no viable
credential is available for the user. This can be caused by various
scenarios such as that the user doesn't have any credential or the
user doesn't grant consent to using any available credential. Upon
this exception, your app should navigate to use the regular app
sign-up or sign-in screen. When that succeeds, you should invoke
androidx.credentials.CredentialManager.createCredentialAsync to store
the login info, so that your user can sign in more easily through
Credential Manager the next time. */
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "Unexpected exception type " + e.getClass().getName());
}
}
Recursos adicionales
- Referencia de muestra del Administrador de credenciales
- Codelab del Administrador de credenciales
- Cómo hacer que el usuario acceda con el Administrador de credenciales