Przepis na udostępniony ViewModel

Ten przepis pokazuje, jak udostępniać ViewModel na różnych ekranach (wpisach) w Navigation 3 za pomocą niestandardowego NavEntryDecorator.

Jak to działa

Ten przykład definiuje 3 ekrany:

  • ParentScreen: wyświetla przycisk, który zwiększa licznik. Stan licznika jest przechowywany w CounterViewModel.
  • ChildScreen: ekran podrzędny, który może aktualizować stan licznika ParentScreen, a także swój własny, odizolowany stan.
  • StandaloneScreen: niezależny ekran z własnym, odizolowanym stanem.

SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator

Podstawą tego przepisu jest SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator. Ten dekorator zarządza ViewModelStore dla wpisów nawigacyjnych. Umożliwia on wpisowi określenie opcjonalnego wpisu „nadrzędnego”, którego ViewModelStore ma być udostępniany.

W SharedViewModelActivity.kt NavDisplay jest skonfigurowany za pomocą tego dekoratora:

entryDecorators = listOf(
    rememberSaveableStateHolderNavEntryDecorator(),
    rememberSharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator(),
)

Udostępnianie ViewModel

Aby włączyć udostępnianie, wpis ChildScreen jawnie definiuje swój element nadrzędny za pomocą metadanych:

entry<ChildScreen>(
    metadata = SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator.parent(
        ParentScreen.toContentKey()
    )
) {
    // ...
}

Funkcja rozszerzająca toContentKey() służy do standaryzacji sposobu określania contentKey elementu nadrzędnego NavEntry zarówno podczas definiowania elementu nadrzędnego, jak i podczas odwoływania się do niego w metadanych przez element podrzędny.

Gdy ChildScreen poprosi o element nadrzędny CounterViewModel:

val parentViewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>(
    viewModelStoreOwner = LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner.current
)

Dekorator zapewnia, że otrzyma tę samą instancję , której używa ParentScreen, ponieważ korzysta z ViewModelStore elementu ParentScreen.

ChildScreen może nadal prosić o własny CounterViewModel z domyślnego LocalViewModelStoreOwner:

val standaloneViewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>()

Natomiast StandaloneScreen nie definiuje elementu nadrzędnego, więc otrzymuje tylko własny, nowy ViewModelStore i nową instancję CounterViewModel.

/*
 * Copyright 2025 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.example.nav3recipes.sharedviewmodel

import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.runtime.CompositionLocalProvider
import androidx.compose.runtime.ProvidedValue
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.runtime.staticCompositionLocalOf
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelStore
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelStoreOwner
import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.ViewModelStoreProvider
import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.compose.LocalViewModelStoreOwner
import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.compose.rememberViewModelStoreOwner
import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.compose.rememberViewModelStoreProvider
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.NavEntry
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.NavEntryDecorator
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.NavMetadataKey
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.SaveableStateHolderNavEntryDecorator
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.get
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.metadata
import androidx.savedstate.compose.LocalSavedStateRegistryOwner

/**
 * Returns a [SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator] that is remembered across recompositions.
 *
 * @param [viewModelStoreOwner] The [ViewModelStoreOwner] that provides the [ViewModelStore] to
 *   NavEntries
 */
@Composable
fun <T : Any> rememberSharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator(
    viewModelStoreOwner: ViewModelStoreOwner =
        checkNotNull(LocalViewModelStoreOwner.current) {
            "No ViewModelStoreOwner was provided via LocalViewModelStoreOwner"
        },
): SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator<T> {
    val viewModelStoreProvider = rememberViewModelStoreProvider(viewModelStoreOwner)
    return remember(viewModelStoreOwner) {
        SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator(
            viewModelStoreProvider,
        )
    }
}

/**
 * Provides the content of a [NavEntry] with a new [ViewModelStoreOwner] and provides that
 * [ViewModelStoreOwner] as a [LocalViewModelStoreOwner] so that it is available within the content.
 *
 * If the [NavEntry] specifies that it has a parent in its metadata, the parent's
 * [ViewModelStoreOwner] will also be supplied along with the new one. This allows the
 * entry to access both its own [ViewModel] and its parent's [ViewModel]s.
 *
 * This requires the usage of [SaveableStateHolderNavEntryDecorator] to ensure that the [NavEntry]
 * scoped [ViewModel]s can properly provide access to [androidx.lifecycle.SavedStateHandle]s.
 *
 * @see [SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator.parent]
 *
 * @param [viewModelStoreProvider] The [ViewModelStoreProvider] scoped to
 * the parent [ViewModelStoreOwner]
 */
class SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator<T : Any>(
    viewModelStoreProvider: ViewModelStoreProvider
) : NavEntryDecorator<T>(
    onPop = { key -> viewModelStoreProvider.clearKey(key) },
    decorate = { entry ->
        val localContentKey = entry.contentKey
        val localOwner =
            rememberViewModelStoreOwner(
                localContentKey,
                viewModelStoreProvider,
                savedStateRegistryOwner = LocalSavedStateRegistryOwner.current,
            )

        val localValues: MutableList<ProvidedValue<*>> = mutableListOf(LocalViewModelStoreOwner provides localOwner)

        // If the entry indicates it has a parent, also provide its parent's ViewModelStore
        val parentContentKey = entry.metadata[ParentKey]
        if (parentContentKey != null) {
            val parentOwner = rememberViewModelStoreOwner(
                    parentContentKey,
                    viewModelStoreProvider,
                    savedStateRegistryOwner = LocalSavedStateRegistryOwner.current,
                )

            localValues.add(LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner provides parentOwner)
        }
        CompositionLocalProvider(
            values = localValues.toTypedArray()
        ) { entry.Content() }
    },
) {
    companion object {
        /**
         * Use this function to specify a `NavEntry`'s parent. The parent's
         * `ViewModelStoreOwner` will be supplied via `LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner`
         */
        fun parent(key: Any) = metadata {
            put(ParentKey, key)
        }

        object ParentKey : NavMetadataKey<Any>
    }
}

val LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner =
    staticCompositionLocalOf<ViewModelStoreOwner> { error("No LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner provided!") }

/*
 * Copyright 2025 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.example.nav3recipes.sharedviewmodel

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
import androidx.compose.material3.Button
import androidx.compose.material3.Text
import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableIntStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.compose.dropUnlessResumed
import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.compose.viewModel
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.NavKey
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.entryProvider
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.rememberNavBackStack
import androidx.navigation3.runtime.rememberSaveableStateHolderNavEntryDecorator
import androidx.navigation3.ui.NavDisplay
import com.example.nav3recipes.content.ContentBlue
import com.example.nav3recipes.content.ContentGreen
import com.example.nav3recipes.content.ContentRed
import com.example.nav3recipes.ui.setEdgeToEdgeConfig
import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable


@Serializable
private data object ParentScreen : NavKey

@Serializable
private data object ChildScreen : NavKey

@Serializable
private data object StandaloneScreen : NavKey

class SharedViewModelActivity : ComponentActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        setEdgeToEdgeConfig()
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

        setContent {
            val backStack = rememberNavBackStack(ParentScreen)

            NavDisplay(
                backStack = backStack,
                onBack = { backStack.removeLastOrNull() },
                entryDecorators = listOf(
                    rememberSaveableStateHolderNavEntryDecorator(),
                    rememberSharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator(),
                ),
                entryProvider = entryProvider {
                    entry<ParentScreen>(
                        clazzContentKey = { key -> key.toContentKey() },
                    ) {
                        val viewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>()

                        ContentRed("Parent screen") {
                            Button(onClick = { viewModel.count++ }) {
                                Text("Count: ${viewModel.count}")
                            }
                            Button(onClick = dropUnlessResumed { backStack.add(ChildScreen) }) {
                                Text("View child screen")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    entry<ChildScreen>(
                        metadata = SharedViewModelStoreNavEntryDecorator.parent(
                            ParentScreen.toContentKey()
                        )
                    ) {
                        val parentViewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>(
                            viewModelStoreOwner = LocalSharedViewModelStoreOwner.current
                        )

                        val standaloneViewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>()

                        ContentBlue("Child screen") {
                            Button(onClick = { parentViewModel.count++ }) {
                                Text("Parent count: ${parentViewModel.count}")
                            }
                            Button(onClick = { standaloneViewModel.count++ }) {
                                Text("Standalone Count: ${standaloneViewModel.count}")
                            }
                            Button(onClick = dropUnlessResumed { backStack.add(StandaloneScreen) }) {
                                Text("View standalone screen")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    entry<StandaloneScreen> {
                        val viewModel = viewModel<CounterViewModel>()

                        ContentGreen("Standalone screen") {
                            Button(onClick = {
                                viewModel.count++
                            }) {
                                Text("Count: ${viewModel.count}")
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            )
        }
    }
}

fun NavKey.toContentKey() = this.toString()

class CounterViewModel : ViewModel() {
    var count by mutableIntStateOf(0)
}