Threading in CoroutineWorker
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Per gli utenti di Kotlin, WorkManager fornisce un'assistenza di primo livello per le coroutine. Per iniziare, includi work-runtime-ktx
nel file Gradle. Anziché estendere Worker
, devi estendere CoroutineWorker
, che ha una versione in sospensione di doWork()
. Ad esempio, se vuoi creare un semplice CoroutineWorker
per eseguire alcune operazioni di rete, devi procedere nel seguente modo:
class CoroutineDownloadWorker(
context: Context,
params: WorkerParameters
) : CoroutineWorker(context, params) {
override suspend fun doWork(): Result {
val data = downloadSynchronously("https://www.google.com")
saveData(data)
return Result.success()
}
}
Tieni presente che CoroutineWorker.doWork()
è una funzione di sospensione. A differenza di Worker
, questo codice non viene eseguito sul Executor
specificato
nel tuo Configuration
. Al suo posto, viene utilizzato il valore predefinito Dispatchers.Default
. Puoi personalizzarlo fornendo il tuo CoroutineContext
. Nell'esempio precedente, probabilmente vorrai eseguire questa operazione su Dispatchers.IO
, come segue:
class CoroutineDownloadWorker(
context: Context,
params: WorkerParameters
) : CoroutineWorker(context, params) {
override suspend fun doWork(): Result {
withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
val data = downloadSynchronously("https://www.google.com")
saveData(data)
return Result.success()
}
}
}
CoroutineWorker
gestisce automaticamente gli arresti annullando la coroutine
e propagando gli indicatori di annullamento. Non devi fare nulla di speciale per gestire gli interruzioni del lavoro.
Esecuzione di un CoroutineWorker in un processo diverso
Puoi anche associare un worker a un processo specifico utilizzando
RemoteCoroutineWorker
,
un'implementazione di ListenableWorker
.
RemoteCoroutineWorker
si lega a un processo specifico con due argomenti aggiuntivi
che fornisci come parte dei dati di input durante la creazione della richiesta di lavoro:
ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME
e ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME
.
L'esempio seguente mostra la creazione di una richiesta di lavoro associata a un
procedura specifica:
Kotlin
val PACKAGE_NAME = "com.example.background.multiprocess"
val serviceName = RemoteWorkerService::class.java.name
val componentName = ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName)
val data: Data = Data.Builder()
.putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.packageName)
.putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.className)
.build()
return OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteCoroutineWorker::class.java)
.setInputData(data)
.build()
Java
String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.example.background.multiprocess";
String serviceName = RemoteWorkerService.class.getName();
ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName);
Data data = new Data.Builder()
.putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.getPackageName())
.putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.getClassName())
.build();
return new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteCoroutineWorker.class)
.setInputData(data)
.build();
Per ogni RemoteWorkerService
, devi anche aggiungere una definizione di servizio nel
file AndroidManifest.xml
:
<manifest ... >
<service
android:name="androidx.work.multiprocess.RemoteWorkerService"
android:exported="false"
android:process=":worker1" />
<service
android:name=".RemoteWorkerService2"
android:exported="false"
android:process=":worker2" />
...
</manifest>
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Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-07-27 UTC.
[[["Facile da capire","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Il problema è stato risolto","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Altra","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Mancano le informazioni di cui ho bisogno","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Troppo complicato/troppi passaggi","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Obsoleti","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema di traduzione","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema relativo a esempi/codice","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Altra","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-07-27 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Threading in CoroutineWorker\n\nFor Kotlin users, WorkManager provides first-class support for [coroutines](https://kotlinlang.org/docs/reference/coroutines-overview.html). To get\nstarted, include [`work-runtime-ktx` in your gradle file](/jetpack/androidx/releases/work#declaring_dependencies). Instead of extending [`Worker`](/reference/androidx/work/Worker), you should extend [`CoroutineWorker`](/reference/kotlin/androidx/work/CoroutineWorker), which has a suspending\nversion of `doWork()`. For example, if you wanted to build a simple `CoroutineWorker`\nto perform some network operations, you would do the following: \n\n class CoroutineDownloadWorker(\n context: Context,\n params: WorkerParameters\n ) : CoroutineWorker(context, params) {\n\n override suspend fun doWork(): Result {\n val data = downloadSynchronously(\"https://www.google.com\")\n saveData(data)\n return Result.success()\n }\n }\n\nNote that [`CoroutineWorker.doWork()`](/reference/kotlin/androidx/work/CoroutineWorker#doWork()) is a *suspending*\nfunction. Unlike `Worker`, this code does *not* run on the `Executor` specified\nin your [`Configuration`](/reference/androidx/work/Configuration). Instead, it\ndefaults to `Dispatchers.Default`. You can customize this by providing your own `CoroutineContext`. In the above example, you would probably want to do this work on `Dispatchers.IO`, as follows: \n\n class CoroutineDownloadWorker(\n context: Context,\n params: WorkerParameters\n ) : CoroutineWorker(context, params) {\n\n override suspend fun doWork(): Result {\n withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {\n val data = downloadSynchronously(\"https://www.google.com\")\n saveData(data)\n return Result.success()\n }\n }\n }\n\n`CoroutineWorker` handles stoppages automatically by cancelling the coroutine\nand propagating the cancellation signals. You don't need to do anything special\nto handle [work stoppages](/topic/libraries/architecture/workmanager/how-to/managing-work#cancelling).\n\nRunning a CoroutineWorker in a different process\n------------------------------------------------\n\nYou can also bind a worker to a specific process by using\n[`RemoteCoroutineWorker`](/reference/kotlin/androidx/work/multiprocess/RemoteCoroutineWorker),\nan implementation of `ListenableWorker`.\n\n`RemoteCoroutineWorker` binds to a specific process with two extra arguments\nthat you provide as part of the input data when building the work request:\n`ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME` and `ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME`.\n\nThe following example demonstrates building a work request that is bound to a\nspecific process: \n\n### Kotlin\n\n```kotlin\nval PACKAGE_NAME = \"com.example.background.multiprocess\"\n\nval serviceName = RemoteWorkerService::class.java.name\nval componentName = ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName)\n\nval data: Data = Data.Builder()\n .putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.packageName)\n .putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.className)\n .build()\n\nreturn OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteCoroutineWorker::class.java)\n .setInputData(data)\n .build()\n```\n\n### Java\n\n```java\nString PACKAGE_NAME = \"com.example.background.multiprocess\";\n\nString serviceName = RemoteWorkerService.class.getName();\nComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(PACKAGE_NAME, serviceName);\n\nData data = new Data.Builder()\n .putString(ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME, componentName.getPackageName())\n .putString(ARGUMENT_CLASS_NAME, componentName.getClassName())\n .build();\n\nreturn new OneTimeWorkRequest.Builder(ExampleRemoteCoroutineWorker.class)\n .setInputData(data)\n .build();\n```\n\nFor each `RemoteWorkerService`, you also need to add a service definition in\nyour `AndroidManifest.xml` file: \n\n```xml\n\u003cmanifest ... \u003e\n \u003cservice\n android:name=\"androidx.work.multiprocess.RemoteWorkerService\"\n android:exported=\"false\"\n android:process=\":worker1\" /\u003e\n\n \u003cservice\n android:name=\".RemoteWorkerService2\"\n android:exported=\"false\"\n android:process=\":worker2\" /\u003e\n ...\n\u003c/manifest\u003e\n```"]]