동작 변경사항: Android 17 이상을 타겟팅하는 앱

이전 버전과 마찬가지로 Android 17에는 앱에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 동작 변경사항이 포함되어 있습니다. 다음 동작 변경사항은 Android 17 이상을 타겟팅하는 앱에만 적용됩니다. 앱이 Android 17 이상을 타겟팅한다면 이러한 동작을 지원하도록 앱을 수정해야 합니다(적용되는 경우).

앱의 targetSdkVersion과 관계없이 Android 17에서 실행되는 모든 앱에 영향을 미치는 동작 변경사항 목록도 검토해야 합니다.

핵심 기능

Android 17에는 Android 시스템의 다양한 핵심 기능을 수정하거나 확장하는 다음과 같은 변경사항이 포함되어 있습니다.

MessageQueue의 새로운 잠금 없는 구현

Android 17부터 Android 17 (API 수준 37) 이상을 타겟팅하는 앱은 새로운 잠금 없는 구현을 수신합니다. android.os.MessageQueue 새로운 구현은 성능을 개선하고 누락된 프레임을 줄이지만 MessageQueue 비공개 필드 및 메서드를 반영하는 클라이언트를 중단할 수 있습니다.

완화 전략을 비롯한 자세한 내용은 MessageQueue 동작 변경 가이드를 참고하세요.

이제 정적 최종 필드를 수정할 수 없음

Apps running on Android 17 or higher that target Android 17 (API level 37) or higher cannot change static final fields. If an app attempts to change a static final field by using reflection, it will cause an IllegalAccessException. Attempting to modify one of these fields through JNI APIs (such as SetStaticLongField()) will cause the app to crash.

접근성

Android 17에서는 접근성을 개선하기 위해 다음과 같은 변경사항을 적용합니다.

복잡한 IME 실제 키보드 입력의 접근성 지원

This feature introduces new AccessibilityEvent and TextAttribute APIs to enhance screen reader spoken feedback for CJKV language input. CJKV IME apps can now signal whether a text conversion candidate has been selected during text composition. Apps with edit fields can specify text change types when sending text changed accessibility events. For example, apps can specify that a text change occurred during text composition, or that a text change resulted from a commit. Doing this enables accessibility services such as screen readers to deliver more precise feedback based on the nature of the text modification.

App adoption

• IME Apps: When setting composing text in edit fields, IMEs can use TextAttribute.Builder.setTextSuggestionSelected() to indicate whether a specific conversion candidate was selected.

• Apps with Edit Fields: Apps that maintain a custom InputConnection can retrieve candidate selection data by calling TextAttribute.isTextSuggestionSelected(). These apps should then call AccessibilityEvent.setTextChangeTypes() when dispatching TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_CHANGED events. Apps targeting Android 17 (API level 37) that use the standard TextView will have this feature enabled by default. (That is, TextView will handle retrieving data from the IME and setting text change types when sending events to accessibility services).

• Accessibility Services: Accessibility services that process TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_CHANGED events can call AccessibilityEvent.getTextChangeTypes() to identify the nature of the modification and adjust their feedback strategies accordingly.

개인 정보 보호

Android 17에는 사용자 개인 정보 보호를 개선하기 위해 다음과 같은 변경사항이 포함되어 있습니다.

ECH (Encrypted Client Hello) 사용 설정

Android 17 introduces platform support for Encrypted Client Hello (ECH), a TLS extension that enhances user privacy by encrypting the Server Name Indication (SNI) in the TLS handshake. This encryption helps prevent network observers from easily identifying the specific domain your app is connecting to.

For apps targeting Android 17 (API level 37) or higher, ECH is used for TLS connections. ECH is active only if the networking library used by the app (for example, HttpEngine, WebView, or OkHttp) has integrated ECH support and the remote server also supports the ECH protocol. If ECH cannot be negotiated, the client sends an ECH extension with randomized contents (a mechanism called ECH GREASE). See RFC 9849 for more details on how ECH GREASE works.

To allow apps to customize this behavior, Android 17 adds a new <domainEncryption> element to the Network Security Configuration file. Developers can use <domainEncryption> within <base-config> or <domain-config> tags to select an ECH mode (for example, "enabled" or "disabled") on a global or per-domain basis.

For more information, see the Encrypted Client Hello documentation.

Android 17을 타겟팅하는 앱에 로컬 네트워크 권한 필요

Android 17 introduces the ACCESS_LOCAL_NETWORK runtime permission to protect users from unauthorized local network access. Because this falls under the existing NEARBY_DEVICES permission group, users who have already granted other NEARBY_DEVICES permissions aren't prompted again. This new requirement prevents malicious apps from exploiting unrestricted local network access for covert user tracking and fingerprinting. By declaring and requesting this permission, your app can discover and connect to devices on the local area network (LAN), such as smart home devices or casting receivers.

Apps targeting Android 17 (API level 37) or higher now have two paths to maintain communication with LAN devices: Adopt system-mediated, privacy-preserving device pickers to skip the permission prompt, or explicitly request this new permission at runtime to maintain local network communication.

For more information, see the Local network permission documentation.

실제 기기에서 비밀번호 숨기기

If an app targets Android 17 (API level 37) or higher and the user is using a physical input device (for example, an external keyboard), the Android operating system applies the new show_passwords_physical setting to all characters in the password field. By default, that setting hides all password characters.

The Android system shows the last-typed password character to help the user see if they mistyped the password. However, this is much less necessary with larger external keyboards. In addition, devices with external keyboards often have larger displays, which increases the danger of someone seeing the typed password.

If the user is using the device's touchscreen, the system applies the new show_passwords_touch setting.

표준 SMS 메시지의 OTP 보호

Beginning with Android 17, Android is extending its SMS OTP protection to apply to standard SMS messages (SMS messages containing an OTP that do not use the WebOTP or SMS Retriever formats). For most apps targeting Android 17 (API level 37) or higher, these SMS messages do not become available until three hours after receipt. This delay is intended to help prevent OTP hijacking. During this three hour delay, the SMS_RECEIVED_ACTION broadcast is withheld and SMS provider database queries are filtered. The SMS message is available to these apps after the delay.

Certain apps such as the default SMS assistant app, connected device companion apps, etc., are exempted from this delay. All apps that rely on reading SMS messages for OTP extraction should transition to using SMS Retriever or SMS User Consent APIs to ensure continued functionality.

보안

Android 17에서는 기기 및 앱 보안을 다음과 같이 개선합니다.

활동 보안

In Android 17, the platform continues its shift toward a "secure-by-default" architecture, introducing a suite of enhancements designed to mitigate high-severity exploits such as phishing, interaction hijacking, and confused deputy attacks. This update requires developers to explicitly opt in to new security standards to maintain app compatibility and user protection.

Key impacts for developers include:

• BAL hardening & improved opt-in: We are refining Background Activity Launch (BAL) restrictions by extending protections to IntentSender. Developers must migrate away from the legacy MODE_BACKGROUND_ACTIVITY_START_ALLOWED constant. Instead, you should adopt granular controls like MODE_BACKGROUND_ACTIVITY_START_ALLOW_IF_VISIBLE, which restricts activity starts to scenarios where the calling app is visible, significantly reducing the attack surface.
• Adoption tools: Developers should utilize strict mode and updated lint checks to identify legacy patterns and ensure readiness for future target SDK requirements.

기본적으로 CT 사용 설정

앱이 Android 17 (API 수준 37) 이상을 타겟팅하는 경우 인증서 투명성 (CT)이 기본적으로 사용 설정됩니다. (Android 16에서는 CT를 사용할 수 있지만 앱이 선택해야 했습니다.)

더 안전한 네이티브 DCL—C

앱이 Android 17 (API 수준 37) 이상을 타겟팅하는 경우 DEX 및 JAR 파일에 대해 Android 14에서 도입된 더 안전한 동적 코드 로드 (DCL) 보호가 이제 네이티브 라이브러리로 확장됩니다.

System.load()를 사용하여 로드된 모든 네이티브 파일은 읽기 전용으로 표시해야 합니다. 그러지 않으면 시스템에서 UnsatisfiedLinkError가 발생합니다.

가능하면 항상 코드를 동적으로 로드하지 않는 것이 좋습니다. 이렇게 하면 코드 삽입이나 코드 조작으로 인해 앱이 손상될 위험이 크게 증가하기 때문입니다.

CP2 데이터 뷰에서 PII 필드 제한

Android 17(API 수준 37) 이상을 타겟팅하는 앱의 경우 연락처 제공자 2(CP2)는 데이터 뷰에서 개인 식별 정보(PII)가 포함된 특정 열을 제한합니다. 이 변경사항이 사용 설정되면 사용자 개인 정보 보호를 위해 이러한 열이 데이터 뷰에서 삭제됩니다. 제한된 열에는 다음이 포함됩니다.

• ACCOUNT_NAME
• ACCOUNT_TYPE
• ACCOUNT_TYPE_AND_DATA_SET

ContactsContract.Data에서 이러한 열을 사용하는 앱은 RAW_CONTACT_ID와 조인하여 ContactsContract.RawContacts에서 추출할 수 있습니다.

CP2에서 엄격한 SQL 검사 적용

For apps targeting Android 17 (API level Android 17 (API level 37)) and higher, Contacts Provider 2 (CP2) enforces strict SQL query validation when the ContactsContract.Data table is accessed without READ_CONTACTS permission.

With this change, if an app doesn't have READ_CONTACTS permission, StrictColumns and StrictGrammar options are set when querying the ContactsContract.Data table. If a query uses a pattern that isn't compatible with these, it will be rejected and cause an exception to be thrown.

미디어

Android 17에는 미디어 동작에 다음과 같은 변경사항이 포함되어 있습니다.

백그라운드 오디오 강화

Beginning with Android 17, the audio framework enforces restrictions on background audio interactions including audio playback, audio focus requests, and volume change APIs to ensure that these changes are started intentionally by the user.

Some audio restrictions apply to all apps. However, the restrictions are more stringent if an app targets Android 17 (API level 37). If one of these apps interacts with audio while it is in the background, it must have a foreground service running. In addition, the app must meet one or both of these requirements:

• The foreground service must have while-in-use (WIU) capabilities.
• The app must have the exact alarm permission and be interacting with USAGE_ALARM audio streams.

For more information, including mitigation strategies, see Background audio hardening.

기기 폼 팩터

Android 17에는 다양한 기기 크기와 폼 팩터에서 사용자 환경을 개선하기 위해 다음과 같은 변경사항이 포함되어 있습니다.

대형 화면 (sw>=600dp)에서 방향, 크기 조절, 가로세로 비율 제약을 무시하는 플랫폼 API 변경사항

We introduced Platform API changes in Android 16 to ignore orientation, aspect ratio, and resizability restrictions on large screens (sw >= 600dp) for apps targeting API level 36 or higher. Developers have the option to opt out of these changes with SDK 36, but this opt-out will no longer be available for apps that target Android 17 (API level 37) or higher.

For more information, see Restrictions on orientation and resizability are ignored.

연결

Android 17에서는 일관성을 개선하고 블루투스 RFCOMM 소켓의 표준 자바 InputStream 동작과 일치하도록 다음과 같은 변경사항을 도입합니다.

RFCOMM의 일관된 BluetoothSocket read() 동작

For apps targeting Android 17 (API level 37), the read() method of the InputStream obtained from an RFCOMM-based BluetoothSocket now returns -1 when the socket is closed or the connection is dropped.

This change makes RFCOMM socket behavior consistent with LE CoC sockets and aligns with the standard InputStream.read() documentation, which states that -1 is returned when the end of the stream is reached.

Apps that rely solely on catching an IOException to break out of a read loop may be impacted by this change and should update the BluetoothSocket read loops to explicitly check for a return value of -1. This ensures the loop terminates correctly when the remote device disconnects or the socket is closed. For an example of the recommended implementation, see the code snippet in the Transfer Bluetooth data guide.