Relation

public abstract @interface Relation
implements Annotation

A convenience annotation which can be used in a Pojo to automatically fetch relation entities. When the Pojo is returned from a query, all of its relations are also fetched by Room.

 @Entity
 public class Pet {
     @ PrimaryKey
     int id;
     int userId;
     String name;
     // other fields
 }
 public class UserNameAndAllPets {
   public int id;
   public String name;
   @Relation(parentColumn = "id", entityColumn = "userId")
   public List<Pet> pets;
 }

 @Dao
 public interface UserPetDao {
     @Query("SELECT id, name from User")
     public List<UserNameAndAllPets> loadUserAndPets();
 }
 

The type of the field annotated with Relation must be a List or Set. By default, the Entity type is inferred from the return type. If you would like to return a different object, you can specify the entity() property in the annotation.

 public class User {
     int id;
     // other fields
 }
 public class PetNameAndId {
     int id;
     String name;
 }
 public class UserAllPets {
   @Embedded
   public User user;
   @Relation(parentColumn = "id", entityColumn = "userId", entity = Pet.class)
   public List<PetNameAndId> pets;
 }
 @Dao
 public interface UserPetDao {
     @Query("SELECT * from User")
     public List<UserAllPets> loadUserAndPets();
 }
 

In the example above, PetNameAndId is a regular Pojo but all of fields are fetched from the entity defined in the @Relation annotation (Pet). PetNameAndId could also define its own relations all of which would also be fetched automatically.

If you would like to specify which columns are fetched from the child Entity, you can use projection() property in the Relation annotation.

 public class UserAndAllPets {
   @Embedded
   public User user;
   @Relation(parentColumn = "id", entityColumn = "userId", entity = Pet.class,
           projection = {"name"})
   public List<String> petNames;
 }
 

Note that @Relation annotation can be used only in Pojo classes, an Entity class cannot have relations. This is a design decision to avoid common pitfalls in Entity setups. You can read more about it in the main Room documentation. When loading data, you can simply work around this limitation by creating Pojo classes that extend the Entity.

Note that the @Relation annotated field cannot be a constructor parameter, it must be public or have a public setter.

Summary

Public methods

Class entity ()

String entityColumn ()

String parentColumn ()

String[] projection ()