Terlalu memercayai nama file yang disediakan ContentProvider
Tetap teratur dengan koleksi
Simpan dan kategorikan konten berdasarkan preferensi Anda.
Kategori OWASP: MASVS-CODE: Kualitas Kode
Ringkasan
FileProvider, subkelas ContentProvider, dimaksudkan untuk
menyediakan metode yang aman bagi aplikasi ("aplikasi server") untuk membagikan
file dengan aplikasi lain ("aplikasi klien"). Namun, jika aplikasi klien tidak menangani nama file yang diberikan oleh aplikasi server dengan benar, aplikasi server yang dikontrol oleh penyerang mungkin dapat menerapkan FileProvider berbahaya miliknya sendiri untuk menimpa file di penyimpanan khusus aplikasi milik aplikasi klien.
Dampak
Jika penyerang dapat mengganti file aplikasi, hal ini dapat menyebabkan eksekusi kode berbahaya (dengan mengganti kode aplikasi), atau memungkinkan modifikasi perilaku aplikasi (misalnya, dengan mengganti preferensi bersama aplikasi atau file konfigurasi lainnya).
Mitigasi
Lebih baik bekerja tanpa input pengguna saat menggunakan panggilan sistem file dengan membuat nama file unik saat menulis file yang diterima ke penyimpanan.
Dengan kata lain: Saat aplikasi klien menulis file yang diterima ke penyimpanan, aplikasi tersebut harus mengabaikan nama file yang diberikan oleh aplikasi server dan menggunakan ID unik yang dibuat secara internal sebagai nama file.
Contoh ini dibuat berdasarkan kode yang ditemukan di
https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file:
Kotlin
// Code in
// https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file#OpenFile
// used to obtain file descriptor (fd)
try {
val inputStream = FileInputStream(fd)
val tempFile = File.createTempFile("temp", null, cacheDir)
val outputStream = FileOutputStream(tempFile)
val buf = ByteArray(1024)
var len: Int
len = inputStream.read(buf)
while (len > 0) {
if (len != -1) {
outputStream.write(buf, 0, len)
len = inputStream.read(buf)
}
}
inputStream.close()
outputStream.close()
} catch (e: IOException) {
e.printStackTrace()
Log.e("MainActivity", "File copy error.")
return
}
Java
// Code in
// https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file#OpenFile
// used to obtain file descriptor (fd)
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fd);
// Create a temporary file
File tempFile = File.createTempFile("temp", null, getCacheDir());
// Copy the contents of the file to the temporary file
try {
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(tempFile))
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int length;
while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Log.e("MainActivity", "File copy error.");
return;
}
Membersihkan Nama File yang Disediakan
Membersihkan nama file yang diberikan saat menulis file yang diterima ke penyimpanan.
Mitigasi ini kurang diinginkan daripada mitigasi sebelumnya karena dapat
menjadi tantangan untuk menangani semua kemungkinan kasus. Namun: Jika membuat nama file unik tidak praktis, aplikasi klien harus membersihkan nama file yang diberikan. Sanitasi mencakup:
- Membersihkan karakter path traversal dalam nama file
- Melakukan kanonisasi untuk mengonfirmasi bahwa tidak ada penjelajahan jalur
Contoh kode ini dibuat berdasarkan panduan tentang mengambil informasi file:
Kotlin
protected fun sanitizeFilename(displayName: String): String {
val badCharacters = arrayOf("..", "/")
val segments = displayName.split("/")
var fileName = segments[segments.size - 1]
for (suspString in badCharacters) {
fileName = fileName.replace(suspString, "_")
}
return fileName
}
val displayName = returnCursor.getString(nameIndex)
val fileName = sanitizeFilename(displayName)
val filePath = File(context.filesDir, fileName).path
// saferOpenFile defined in Android developer documentation
val outputFile = saferOpenFile(filePath, context.filesDir.canonicalPath)
// fd obtained using Requesting a shared file from Android developer
// documentation
val inputStream = FileInputStream(fd)
// Copy the contents of the file to the new file
try {
val outputStream = FileOutputStream(outputFile)
val buffer = ByteArray(1024)
var length: Int
while (inputStream.read(buffer).also { length = it } > 0) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length)
}
} catch (e: IOException) {
// Handle exception
}
Java
protected String sanitizeFilename(String displayName) {
String[] badCharacters = new String[] { "..", "/" };
String[] segments = displayName.split("/");
String fileName = segments[segments.length - 1];
for (String suspString : badCharacters) {
fileName = fileName.replace(suspString, "_");
}
return fileName;
}
String displayName = returnCursor.getString(nameIndex);
String fileName = sanitizeFilename(displayName);
String filePath = new File(context.getFilesDir(), fileName).getPath();
// saferOpenFile defined in Android developer documentation
File outputFile = saferOpenFile(filePath,
context.getFilesDir().getCanonicalPath());
// fd obtained using Requesting a shared file from Android developer
// documentation
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fd);
// Copy the contents of the file to the new file
try {
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFile))
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int length;
while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// Handle exception
}
Kontributor: Dimitrios Valsamaras dan Michael Peck dari Microsoft Threat Intelligence
Referensi
Konten dan contoh kode di halaman ini tunduk kepada lisensi yang dijelaskan dalam Lisensi Konten. Java dan OpenJDK adalah merek dagang atau merek dagang terdaftar dari Oracle dan/atau afiliasinya.
Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-07-27 UTC.
[[["Mudah dipahami","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Memecahkan masalah saya","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Lainnya","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Informasi yang saya butuhkan tidak ada","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Terlalu rumit/langkahnya terlalu banyak","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Sudah usang","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Masalah terjemahan","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Masalah kode / contoh","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Lainnya","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-07-27 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Improperly trusting ContentProvider-provided filename\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n**OWASP category:** [MASVS-CODE: Code Quality](https://mas.owasp.org/MASVS/10-MASVS-CODE)\n\n\nOverview\n--------\n\n[*FileProvider*](/reference/androidx/core/content/FileProvider), a subclass of [*ContentProvider*](/reference/android/content/ContentProvider), is intended to\nprovide a secure method for an application (\"server application\") to [share\nfiles with another application](/training/secure-file-sharing) (\"client application\"). However, if the\nclient application does not properly handle the filename provided by the server\napplication, an attacker-controlled server application may be able to implement\nits own malicious *FileProvider* to overwrite files in the client application's\napp-specific storage.\n\nImpact\n------\n\nIf an attacker can overwrite an application's files, this can lead to malicious\ncode execution (by overwriting the application's code), or allow otherwise\nmodifying the application's behavior (for example, by overwriting the\napplication's shared preferences or other configuration files).\n\nMitigations\n-----------\n\n### Don't Trust User Input\n\nPrefer working without user input when using file system calls by generating a\nunique filename when writing the received file to storage.\n\nIn other words: When the client application writes the received file to storage,\nit should ignore the filename provided by the server application and instead use\nits own internally generated unique identifier as the filename.\n\nThis example builds upon the code found at\n[https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file](/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file#java): \n\n### Kotlin\n\n // Code in\n // https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file#OpenFile\n // used to obtain file descriptor (fd)\n\n try {\n val inputStream = FileInputStream(fd)\n val tempFile = File.createTempFile(\"temp\", null, cacheDir)\n val outputStream = FileOutputStream(tempFile)\n val buf = ByteArray(1024)\n var len: Int\n len = inputStream.read(buf)\n while (len \u003e 0) {\n if (len != -1) {\n outputStream.write(buf, 0, len)\n len = inputStream.read(buf)\n }\n }\n inputStream.close()\n outputStream.close()\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n e.printStackTrace()\n Log.e(\"MainActivity\", \"File copy error.\")\n return\n }\n\n### Java\n\n // Code in\n // https://developer.android.com/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file#OpenFile\n // used to obtain file descriptor (fd)\n\n FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fd);\n\n // Create a temporary file\n File tempFile = File.createTempFile(\"temp\", null, getCacheDir());\n\n // Copy the contents of the file to the temporary file\n try {\n OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(tempFile))\n byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];\n int length;\n while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) \u003e 0) {\n outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);\n }\n } catch (IOException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n Log.e(\"MainActivity\", \"File copy error.\");\n return;\n }\n\n### Sanitize Provided Filenames\n\nSanitize the provided filename when writing the received file to storage.\n\nThis mitigation is less desirable than the preceding mitigation because it can\nbe challenging to handle all potential cases. Nonetheless: If generating a\nunique filename is not practical, the client application should sanitize the\nprovided filename. Sanitization includes:\n\n- Sanitizing path traversal characters in the filename\n- Performing a canonicalization to confirm there are no path traversals\n\nThis example code builds upon the guidance on [retrieving file information](/training/secure-file-sharing/retrieve-info): \n\n### Kotlin\n\n protected fun sanitizeFilename(displayName: String): String {\n val badCharacters = arrayOf(\"..\", \"/\")\n val segments = displayName.split(\"/\")\n var fileName = segments[segments.size - 1]\n for (suspString in badCharacters) {\n fileName = fileName.replace(suspString, \"_\")\n }\n return fileName\n }\n\n val displayName = returnCursor.getString(nameIndex)\n val fileName = sanitizeFilename(displayName)\n val filePath = File(context.filesDir, fileName).path\n\n // saferOpenFile defined in Android developer documentation\n val outputFile = saferOpenFile(filePath, context.filesDir.canonicalPath)\n\n // fd obtained using Requesting a shared file from Android developer\n // documentation\n\n val inputStream = FileInputStream(fd)\n\n // Copy the contents of the file to the new file\n try {\n val outputStream = FileOutputStream(outputFile)\n val buffer = ByteArray(1024)\n var length: Int\n while (inputStream.read(buffer).also { length = it } \u003e 0) {\n outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length)\n }\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n // Handle exception\n }\n\n### Java\n\n protected String sanitizeFilename(String displayName) {\n String[] badCharacters = new String[] { \"..\", \"/\" };\n String[] segments = displayName.split(\"/\");\n String fileName = segments[segments.length - 1];\n for (String suspString : badCharacters) {\n fileName = fileName.replace(suspString, \"_\");\n }\n return fileName;\n }\n\n String displayName = returnCursor.getString(nameIndex);\n String fileName = sanitizeFilename(displayName);\n String filePath = new File(context.getFilesDir(), fileName).getPath();\n\n // saferOpenFile defined in Android developer documentation\n\n File outputFile = saferOpenFile(filePath,\n context.getFilesDir().getCanonicalPath());\n\n // fd obtained using Requesting a shared file from Android developer\n // documentation\n\n FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(fd);\n\n // Copy the contents of the file to the new file\n try {\n OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(outputFile))\n byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];\n int length;\n while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) \u003e 0) {\n outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);\n }\n } catch (IOException e) {\n // Handle exception\n }\n\nContributors: Dimitrios Valsamaras and Michael Peck of Microsoft Threat\nIntelligence\n\nResources\n---------\n\n- [Dirty Stream Attack: Turning Android Share Targets Into Attack Vectors](https://i.blackhat.com/Asia-23/AS-23-Valsamaras-Dirty-Stream-Attack-Turning-Android.pdf)\n- [Secure File Sharing](/training/secure-file-sharing)\n- [Request a Shared File documentation](/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file)\n- [Retrieve Info](/training/secure-file-sharing/retrieve-info)\n- [FileProvider](/reference/androidx/core/content/FileProvider)\n- [Path Traversal](/topic/security/risks/path-traversal)\n- [CWE-73 External Control of Filename or Path](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/73)"]]