일반 시스템 이미지(GSI)는 수정되지 않은 Android 오픈소스 프로젝트(AOSP) 코드를 사용한 순수 Android 구현으로, 다양한 Android 기기에서 실행할 수 있습니다.
앱 개발자는 최신 Android GSI를 설치하고 실행하여 다양한 기존 Android 기기에서 앱 테스트를 실행할 수 있으며, 개발자 프리뷰 및 베타 빌드를 포함하여 다양한 Android OS 출시 단계의 GSI를 사용할 수 있습니다. 인증 및 테스트 프로세스에 GSI를 추가하면 몇 가지 추가 이점을 얻을 수 있습니다.
더 많은 실제 기기에서 테스트 범위 확대
앱 호환성 문제를 해결할 충분한 시간
앱 개발자가 신고한 Android의 호환성 문제를 해결할 충분한 기회
GSI 프로젝트는 오픈소스로, Android 각 버전이 출시되기 전에 앱 및 OS 품질을 높일 여러 방법을 제공하여 Android 생태계를 개선하는 데 도움을 줍니다.
그림 1: GSI는 다양한 기기에 설치할 수 있으며 때로는 기기 제조업체가 자체 시스템 이미지를 제공하지 않는 Android 버전에도 설치할 수 있음
GSI에는 GSI가 설치된 모든 기기의 동일한 핵심 시스템 기능이 포함됩니다. 즉, GSI에는 기기 제조업체의 맞춤설정이 포함되지 않습니다. 이로 인해 다음과 같은 경우에 동작 차이가 발생할 수 있습니다.
UI와 관련된 상호작용
최신 하드웨어 기능을 요청하는 워크플로
기기 규정 준수 확인
GSI는 다음과 같은 특성을 가진 기기에서만 작동할 수 있습니다.
부트로더가 잠금 해제되었습니다.
Treble과 완전히 호환됩니다.
Android 9(API 수준 28) 이상을 사용하여 출시되었습니다. 이전 버전에서 Android 9로 업그레이드된 기기는 GSI를 지원할 수도 있고 지원하지 않을 수도 있습니다.
기기에서 GSI를 사용할 수 있는지, 어떤 GSI OS 버전을 설치해야 하는지 확인하려면 다음을 따르세요.
다음 명령어를 실행하여 Treble 지원을 확인합니다.
adb shell getprop ro.treble.enabled
응답이 false인 경우 기기가 GSI와 호환되지 않으므로 계속하면 안 됩니다. 응답이 true인 경우 다음 단계를 진행합니다.
다음 명령어를 실행하여 버전 간 지원을 확인합니다.
adb shell cat /system/etc/ld.config.version_identifier.txt \
| grep -A 20 "\[vendor\]"
이 페이지에 나와 있는 콘텐츠와 코드 샘플에는 콘텐츠 라이선스에서 설명하는 라이선스가 적용됩니다. 자바 및 OpenJDK는 Oracle 및 Oracle 계열사의 상표 또는 등록 상표입니다.
최종 업데이트: 2025-08-25(UTC)
[[["이해하기 쉬움","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["문제가 해결됨","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["기타","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["필요한 정보가 없음","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["너무 복잡함/단계 수가 너무 많음","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["오래됨","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["번역 문제","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["샘플/코드 문제","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["기타","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["최종 업데이트: 2025-08-25(UTC)"],[],[],null,["# Generic System Images (GSIs)\n\nA Generic System Image ([GSI](https://source.android.com/setup/build/gsi)) is a\n*pure Android* implementation with unmodified Android Open Source Project (AOSP)\ncode, runnable on a variety of Android devices.\n\nApp developers can install and run the latest Android GSIs to perform app\ntesting on a variety of existing Android devices and using GSIs from different\nAndroid OS release stages, including Developer Preview and Beta builds. Adding\nGSIs to your verification and testing processes can provide you with some extra\nbenefits:\n\n- Broader test coverage on a greater set of real devices\n- More time to fix app compatibility issues\n- More opportunities to fix compatibility issues in Android that are reported by app developers\n\nThe GSI project is [open\nsource](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest/+/refs/heads/pie-gsi#)\nand helps improve the Android ecosystem by providing more ways to improve app\nand OS quality before each release of Android.\n**Figure 1**: GSIs can be installed across a broad range of devices, and sometimes even for versions of Android that a device manufacturer doesn't provide their own system image for.\n\nGSIs include the same core system functionalities for all devices that they're\ninstalled on. In other words, a GSI does not include device manufacturer's\ncustomizations. Because of this, you might encounter behavioral differences in\nthe following situations:\n\n- Interactions that involve the UI\n- Workflows that request newer hardware features\n\nCheck device compliance\n-----------------------\n\nGSIs can only function on devices with the following characteristics:\n\n- Bootloader is unlocked.\n- Fully Treble-compliant.\n- Launched with Android 9 (API level 28) or higher. Devices upgraded to Android 9 from an earlier version might or might not support GSIs.\n\n| **Warning:** Attempting to flash a GSI to a non-compliant device could result in your device becoming non-bootable. Always confirm that your device is compliant before flashing, and follow the installation steps provided by your device's manufacturer. GSIs don't support rollback, so you will need a recovery method and original system ROM to revert to the original system.\n\nTo determine whether your device can use a GSI and which GSI OS version you\nshould install, do the following:\n\n1. Check for Treble support by running the following command:\n\n ```\n adb shell getprop ro.treble.enabled\n ```\n\n If the response is `false`, the device isn't compatible with GSIs and you\n shouldn't continue. If the response is `true`, continue to the next step.\n2. Check for cross-version support by running the following command:\n\n ```\n adb shell cat /system/etc/ld.config.version_identifier.txt \\\n | grep -A 20 \"\\[vendor\\]\"\n ```\n | **Note:** Depending on your platform, the configuration file in the preceding command may or may not have a version identifier in it.\n\n In the output, look in the `[vendor]` section for\n `namespace.default.isolated`.\n\n If the value for that attribute is `true`, then the device fully supports\n [Vendor Native Development Kit\n (VNDK)](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/vndk) and can use\n any GSI operating system (OS) version that is newer than the on-device OS\n version. Whenever possible, use the latest GSI OS version that is available.\n\n If the value for the attribute is `false`, then the device isn't fully\n VNDK-compliant, and the device can use only a GSI for the same on-device OS\n version. For example, an Android 10 (API version 29) device that isn't\n VNDK-compliant can load only an Android 10 GSI image.\n3. The GSI CPU architecture type must match the device's CPU architecture. To\n find the right CPU architecture for the GSI image, run the following\n command:\n\n ```\n adb shell getprop ro.product.cpu.abi\n ```\n\n Use the output to determine which GSI image to use when flashing your\n device. For example, on a Pixel 5, the output would indicate that the CPU\n architecture is `arm64-v8a`, so you would use the `arm64` type of GSI.\n\nDownload GSIs\n-------------\n\nThere are a few ways to get GSIs, depending on your development needs:\n\n- For Android Preview GSIs and Android GSIs with GMS, download the images from the [GSI release page](/topic/generic-system-image/releases).\n- For pre-built GSI images without GMS applications, download the images from\n the AOSP CI site:\n\n - [Android 10 (API level\n 29)](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp-android10-gsi/grid?)\n - [Android 11 (API level\n 30)](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp-android11-gsi/grid?)\n - [Android 12 (API level\n 31)](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp-android12-gsi/grid?)\n - [Android 13 (API level\n 33)](https://ci.android.com/builds/branches/aosp-android13-gsi/grid?)\n- To build Android GSIs without GMS, download source code from\n [AOSP](https://source.android.com/setup/build/gsi#building-gsis) and build\n your GSIs.\n\n| **Important:** Device manufacturers shouldn't use these versions of GSIs to run and submit compliance tests. Instead, device manufacturers should continue to refer to their existing communication channels, such as their Technical Account Managers for compliance-test-related activities.\n\nInstall a GSI\n-------------\n\n| **Note:** If your device has adopted [Android Verified\n| Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/avb) (AVB), download and flash the following image to disable AVB before flashing a GSI: [vbmeta.img](https://dl.google.com/developers/android/qt/images/gsi/vbmeta.img)\n\nInstalling a GSI is device-dependent. Refer to your device's manufacturer for\nthe exact tools and procedures. For Google Pixel devices such as the Pixel 3 and\nnewer, there are several ways to install:\n\n- Manually flashing GSI images: see [Requirements for flashing GSIs](https://source.android.com/setup/build/gsi#flashing-gsis)\n- Using Dynamic System Update (DSU) for devices that already run Android 10 or higher: see the [Dynamic System Updates](/topic/dsu) page\n\nGive feedback\n-------------\n\nGSIs are intended to help you validate your apps on Android. We appreciate your\nfeedback on the images, the tools, and the process for using GSIs on your\ndevices.\n\nTo notify us of bugs or feature requests, use the [dedicated issue tracker\ncomponent](https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=470386&template=1147338)\nfor GSIs.\n\nAdditional resources\n--------------------\n\n- [Understand the impact of Generic System Images (GSI) (Android Dev Summit\n '18)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y-HmCIHD63w)"]]
