专用设备概览
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根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
Android 包含一些用于管理专用于特定用途的设备的 API。
本开发者指南介绍了这些 API。如果您是企业移动管理 (EMM) 开发者或解决方案集成商,请阅读本指南以开始使用。
专用设备用于哪些国家/地区?
专用设备(以前称为企业自有的单一用途设备,即 COSU)是服务于特定用途的完全受管设备。Android 提供了一些 API,可帮助您打造能够满足员工和客户特定需求的设备:
- 面向员工:库存管理、现场服务管理、运输和物流
- 面向客户:自助服务终端、数字标牌、酒店签到
专用设备功能
Android 包含一些 API,可帮助使用专用设备的用户专注于执行任务。您通常需要从自己开发的自定义 Home 应用中调用这些 API。您的自定义主屏幕应用可以使用以下部分或全部 API:
- 以类似于自助服务终端的沉浸式方式运行系统,其中设备使用锁定任务模式锁定到一组列入许可名单的应用。
- 通过管理临时和次要用户,在多个用户(例如轮班员工或公共自助服务终端用户)之间共享设备。
- 通过缓存应用软件包,避免设备为每个临时用户再次下载同一应用。
- 通过冻结操作系统版本,在关键时段暂停无线下载 (OTA) 系统更新。
如需调用这些 API,应用必须是全代管式设备的管理员(详见下一部分)。
企业管理的设备
由于专用设备可能无人看管或用于关键任务,因此您需要保护设备。为了防止滥用,专用设备是完全受管的,并由管理员组件拥有(管理员组件通常也负责管理用户)。全代管式部署适用于专门用于工作的公司自有设备。如需详细了解 Android 设备管理,请参阅 Android Enterprise 概览指南。
根据解决方案的需求和业务目标,您可以通过以下任一方式管理设备:
测试
如果您打算支持第三方 EMM,请使用该 EMM 的解决方案制定端到端测试计划。
我们还提供了以下资源,可供您用来创建自己的开发或测试环境:
在开发过程中,您可以使用 Android 调试桥 (adb) 将应用设置为全代管式设备的管理员。
配置专用设备
完成解决方案的开发后,您就可以预配 Android 设备或设置设备以便进行管理。如需预配设备,请完成以下步骤:
- 将设备恢复出厂设置。
注册设备。我们建议使用包含设备配置配置的二维码。IT 管理员可以扫描该代码以配置设备。
如果您无法使用二维码,可以通过其他方法(例如 NFC 触碰或输入标识符)来注册设备。
文档
其他资源
如需详细了解如何开始使用专用设备,请参阅以下文档:
本页面上的内容和代码示例受内容许可部分所述许可的限制。Java 和 OpenJDK 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-26。
[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["没有我需要的信息","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["太复杂/步骤太多","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["内容需要更新","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["示例/代码问题","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-26。"],[],[],null,["# Dedicated devices overview\n\nAndroid includes APIs to manage devices that are dedicated to a specific purpose.\nThis developer's guide introduces these APIs. If you're an enterprise mobility\nmanagement (EMM) developer or solution integrator, read this guide to get\nstarted.\n\nWhere are dedicated devices used?\n---------------------------------\n\n*Dedicated devices* (formerly called corporate-owned single-use, or COSU) are\nfully managed devices that serve a specific purpose. Android provides APIs that\ncan help you create devices that cater to employee- and customer-specific needs:\n\n- **Employee-facing:** Inventory management, field service management, transport and logistics\n- **Customer-facing:** Kiosks, digital signage, hospitality check-in\n\nDedicated device features\n-------------------------\n\nAndroid includes APIs to help people using dedicated devices focus\non their tasks. You typically call these APIs from a custom home app that you\ndevelop. Your custom home app can use some, or all, of the following APIs:\n\n- Run the system in an immersive, kiosk-like fashion where devices are locked to an allowlisted set of apps using [lock task\n mode](/work/dpc/dedicated-devices/lock-task-mode).\n- Share a device between multiple users (such as shift workers or public-kiosk users) by [managing ephemeral and secondary\n users](/work/dpc/dedicated-devices/multiple-users).\n- Avoid devices downloading the same app again for each temporary user by [caching app packages](/work/dpc/dedicated-devices/cookbook#cache-apps).\n- Suspend over-the-air (OTA) system updates over critical periods by [freezing\n the operating system version](/work/dpc/system-updates#freeze-periods).\n\nTo call these APIs, apps need to be the admin of a fully managed\ndevice---explained in the following section.\n\nManaged devices\n---------------\n\nBecause dedicated devices might be left unattended or used in critical tasks,\nyou need to secure the device. To prevent misuse, dedicated devices are *fully\nmanaged* and owned by an [admin component](/reference/android/app/admin/DeviceAdminReceiver) (the admin component typically\nmanages the users too). Fully managed deployments are for company-owned devices\nthat are used exclusively for work purposes. To learn more about Android device\nmanagement, read the Android Enterprise [Overview](https://developers.google.com/android/work/overview) guide.\n\nDepending on your solution's needs and your business goals, you can manage the\ndevice in one of the following ways:\n\n- [Develop your own device policy controller (DPC)](/work/dpc/build-dpc), combining it with a [custom home app](#features).\n- Use the [Android Management\n API](https://developers.google.com/android/management/) to manage the device and any custom apps.\n- Use a [third-party EMM\n solution](https://androidenterprisepartners.withgoogle.com/emm/) that supports lock task mode and other dedicated device features.\n\nTesting\n-------\n\nIf you're planning to support a third-party EMM, develop an end-to-end testing\nplan using the EMM's solution.\n\nWe also provide the following resources, which you can\nuse to create your own development or test environment:\n\n- [Test DPC](https://play.google.com/store/search?q=testdpc) app on Google Play\n- [Dedicated device source\n code](https://github.com/googlesamples/android-testdpc/tree/master/src/main/java/com/afwsamples/testdpc/cosu) (Test DPC) on GitHub\n\nWhile you're still developing, you can [set your app as the\nadmin](/work/dpc/dedicated-devices/cookbook#dev-setup) of a fully managed device\nusing the Android Debug Bridge (ADB).\n\nProvision dedicated devices\n---------------------------\n\nWhen you've finished developing your solution, you're ready to *provision*\nAndroid devices, or set up the devices for management. To provision a device,\ncomplete the following steps:\n\n1. Factory reset the device.\n2. Enroll the device. We recommend [using a QR\n code](https://developers.google.com/android/work/prov-devices#qr_code_method)\n that contains a provisioning config for device. An IT admin can then scan the\n code to provision the device.\n\n If you cannot use a QR code, you can enroll devices through [other\n methods](https://developers.google.com/android/work/overview#device_and_work_profile_provisioning),\n such as NFC bumping or by entering an identifier.\n\nDocumentation\n-------------\n\nAdditional resources\n--------------------\n\nTo learn more about getting started with dedicated devices, read the following\ndocuments:\n\n- [Android Enterprise\n overview](https://developers.google.com/android/work/overview) that introduces device management.\n- [Build a device policy controller](/work/dpc/build-dpc) explains how to develop a DPC.\n- [Dedicated devices cookbook](/work/dpc/dedicated-devices/cookbook) gives examples for features typical of dedicated devices."]]