Mudanças de comportamento: apps destinados ao Android 15 ou mais recente

Como nas versões anteriores, o Android 15 inclui mudanças de comportamento que podem afetar seu app. As seguintes mudanças de comportamento se aplicam exclusivamente a apps direcionados ao Android 15 ou mais recente. Caso seu app seja destinado ao Android 15 ou mais recente, modifique-o para que ele ofereça suporte a esses comportamentos, quando aplicável.

Consulte também a lista de mudanças de comportamento que afetam todos os apps executados no Android 15, independente da targetSdkVersion do app.

Principal recurso

O Android 15 modifica ou expande vários recursos principais do sistema Android.

Mudanças nos serviços em primeiro plano

We are making the following changes to foreground services with Android 15.

• Data sync foreground service timeout behavior
• New media processing foreground service type
• Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services
• Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Data sync foreground service timeout behavior

Android 15 introduces a new timeout behavior to dataSync for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. This behavior also applies to the new mediaProcessing foreground service type.

The system permits an app's dataSync services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). When Service.onTimeout() is called, the service is no longer considered a foreground service. If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid problems with this behavior change, you can do one or more of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's dataSync services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start dataSync foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a dataSync foreground service, use an alternative API.

If your app's dataSync foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another dataSync foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another dataSync foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type dataSync".

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable data sync timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

New media processing foreground service type

O Android 15 apresenta um novo tipo de serviço em primeiro plano, mediaProcessing. Esse tipo de serviço é adequado para operações como transcodificação de arquivos de mídia. Por exemplo, um app de mídia pode fazer o download de um arquivo de áudio e precisar convertê-lo para um formato diferente antes de reproduzi-lo. Você pode usar um serviço em primeiro plano mediaProcessing para garantir que a conversão continue mesmo quando o app estiver em segundo plano.

O sistema permite que os serviços mediaProcessing de um app sejam executados por um total de 6 horas em um período de 24 horas. Depois disso, o sistema chama o método Service.onTimeout(int, int) do serviço em execução (introduzido no Android 15). Nesse momento, o serviço tem alguns segundos para chamar Service.stopSelf(). Se o serviço não chamar Service.stopSelf(), o sistema vai gerar uma exceção interna. A exceção é registrada no Logcat com a seguinte mensagem:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

Para evitar a exceção, siga um destes procedimentos:

1. Faça com que o serviço implemente o novo método Service.onTimeout(int, int). Quando o app receber o callback, chame stopSelf() dentro de alguns segundos. Se você não interromper o app imediatamente, o sistema vai gerar uma falha.
2. Verifique se os serviços mediaProcessing do app não são executados por mais de um total de seis horas em qualquer período de 24 horas, a menos que o usuário interaja com o app, redefinindo o timer.
3. Só inicie serviços em primeiro plano mediaProcessing como resultado da interação direta do usuário. Como o app está em primeiro plano quando o serviço é iniciado, ele tem seis horas completas após o app ir para o segundo plano.
4. Em vez de usar um serviço em primeiro plano mediaProcessing, use uma API alternativa, como o WorkManager.

Se os serviços em primeiro plano mediaProcessing do app tiverem sido executados por 6 horas nas últimas 24 horas, não será possível iniciar outro serviço em primeiro plano mediaProcessing a menos que o usuário tenha trazido o app para o primeiro plano (o que redefine o timer). Se você tentar iniciar outro serviço mediaProcessing em primeiro plano, o sistema vai gerar ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException com uma mensagem de erro como "O limite de tempo já se esgotou para o tipo de serviço em primeiro plano mediaProcessing".

Para mais informações sobre o tipo de serviço mediaProcessing, consulte Mudanças nos tipos de serviço em primeiro plano do Android 15: processamento de mídia.

Teste

Para testar o comportamento do app, ative os timeouts de processamento de mídia, mesmo que o app não seja direcionado ao Android 15 (desde que esteja sendo executado em um dispositivo Android 15). Para ativar os tempos limite, execute o seguinte comando adb:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

Você também pode ajustar o período de tempo limite para facilitar o teste do comportamento do app quando o limite for atingido. Para definir um novo período de tempo limite, execute o seguinte comando adb:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services

Há novas restrições para inicialização de broadcast receivers BOOT_COMPLETED serviços em primeiro plano. Receptores BOOT_COMPLETED não têm permissão para iniciar o seguintes tipos de serviços em primeiro plano:

• dataSync
• camera
• mediaPlayback
• phoneCall
• mediaProjection
• microphone (esta restrição está em vigor para microphone desde o Android 14)

Se um receptor BOOT_COMPLETED tentar iniciar qualquer um desses tipos de primeiro plano serviços, o sistema gera ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Teste

Para testar o comportamento do app, ative essas novas restrições mesmo que seu O app não é destinado ao Android 15, desde que seja executado em um Android 15 dispositivo). Execute o seguinte comando adb:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Para enviar uma transmissão BOOT_COMPLETED sem reiniciar o dispositivo: Execute o seguinte comando adb:

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Anteriormente, se um app tivesse a permissão SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW, ele poderia iniciar um serviço em primeiro plano mesmo que estivesse em segundo plano (conforme discutido em isenção de restrições de início em segundo plano).

Se um app for destinado ao Android 15, essa isenção será mais restrita. Agora o app precisa ter a permissão SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW e também ter uma janela de sobreposição visível. Ou seja, o app precisa primeiro abrir uma janela TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY e a janela precisa estar visível antes de iniciar um serviço em primeiro plano.

Se o app tentar iniciar um serviço em primeiro plano em segundo plano sem atender a esses novos requisitos (e não tiver outra isenção), o sistema vai gerar uma ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Se o app declarar a permissão SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW e iniciar serviços em primeiro plano em segundo plano, ele poderá ser afetado por essa mudança. Se o app receber uma ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, verifique a ordem das operações e verifique se ele já tem uma janela de sobreposição ativa antes de tentar iniciar um serviço em primeiro plano em segundo plano. Você pode conferir se a janela de sobreposição está visível chamando View.getWindowVisibility() ou substituir View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() para receber uma notificação sempre que a visibilidade mudar.

Teste

Para testar o comportamento do app, ative essas novas restrições mesmo que ele não seja direcionado ao Android 15, desde que esteja sendo executado em um dispositivo Android 15. Para ativar essas novas restrições na inicialização de serviços em primeiro plano em segundo plano, execute este comando adb:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Mudanças na hora em que os apps podem modificar o estado global do modo "Não perturbe"

Os apps direcionados ao Android 15 (nível 35 da API) e mais recentes não podem mais mudar o estado global ou a política de Não perturbe (DND, na sigla em inglês) em um dispositivo, seja modificando as configurações do usuário ou desativando o modo DND. Em vez disso, os apps precisam contribuir com um AutomaticZenRule, que o sistema combina em uma política global com o esquema de política mais restritiva. As chamadas para APIs que afetam o estado global (setInterruptionFilter, setNotificationPolicy) resultam na criação ou atualização de um AutomaticZenRule implícito, que é ativado e desativado dependendo do ciclo de chamadas dessas chamadas de API.

Essa mudança só afeta o comportamento observável se o app estiver chamando setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) e esperar que essa chamada desative uma AutomaticZenRule que foi ativada anteriormente pelos proprietários.

Mudanças na API do OpenJDK

Android 15 continues the work of refreshing Android's core libraries to align with the features in the latest OpenJDK LTS releases.

Some of these changes can affect app compatibility for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35):

• Changes to string formatting APIs: Validation of argument index, flags, width, and precision are now more strict when using the following String.format() and Formatter.format() APIs:

  • String.format(String, Object[])
  • String.format(Locale, String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(Locale, String, Object[])

  For example, the following exception is thrown when an argument index of 0 is used (%0 in the format string):

  IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0
  

  In this case, the issue can be fixed by using an argument index of 1 (%1 in the format string).

• Changes to component type of Arrays.asList(...).toArray(): When using Arrays.asList(...).toArray(), the component type of the resulting array is now an Object—not the type of the underlying array's elements. So the following code throws a ClassCastException:

  String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();
  

  For this case, to preserve String as the component type in the resulting array, you could use Collection.toArray(Object[]) instead:

  String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);
  

• Changes to language code handling: When using the Locale API, language codes for Hebrew, Yiddish, and Indonesian are no longer converted to their obsolete forms (Hebrew: iw, Yiddish: ji, and Indonesian: in). When specifying the language code for one of these locales, use the codes from ISO 639-1 instead (Hebrew: he, Yiddish: yi, and Indonesian: id).

• Changes to random int sequences: Following the changes made in https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574, the following Random.ints() methods now return a different sequence of numbers than the Random.nextInt() methods do:

  • Random.ints(long)
  • Random.ints(long, int, int)
  • Random.ints(int, int)
  • Random.ints()

  Generally, this change shouldn't result in app-breaking behavior, but your code shouldn't expect the sequence generated from Random.ints() methods to match Random.nextInt().

The new SequencedCollection API can affect your app's compatibility after you update compileSdk in your app's build configuration to use Android 15 (API level 35):

• Collision with MutableList.removeFirst() and MutableList.removeLast() extension functions in kotlin-stdlib

  The List type in Java is mapped to the MutableList type in Kotlin. Because the List.removeFirst() and List.removeLast() APIs have been introduced in Android 15 (API level 35), the Kotlin compiler resolves function calls, for example list.removeFirst(), statically to the new List APIs instead of to the extension functions in kotlin-stdlib.

  If an app is re-compiled with compileSdk set to 35 and minSdk set to 34 or lower, and then the app is run on Android 14 and lower, a runtime error is thrown:

  java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
  removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;
  

  The existing NewApi lint option in Android Gradle Plugin can catch these new API usages.

  ./gradlew lint
  
  MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
        list.removeFirst()
  

  To fix the runtime exception and lint errors, the removeFirst() and removeLast() function calls can be replaced with removeAt(0) and removeAt(list.lastIndex) respectively in Kotlin. If you're using Android Studio Ladybug | 2024.1.3 or higher, it also provides a quick fix option for these errors.

  Consider removing @SuppressLint("NewApi") and lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } if the lint option has been disabled.

• Collision with other methods in Java

  New methods have been added into the existing types, for example, List and Deque. These new methods might not be compatible with the methods with the same name and argument types in other interfaces and classes. In the case of a method signature collision with incompatibility, the javac compiler outputs a build-time error. For example:

  Example error 1:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
    public void removeLast() {
                ^
    return type void is not compatible with Object
    where E is a type-variable:
      E extends Object declared in interface List
  

  Example error 2:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
  public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
    both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
  1 error
  

  Example error 3:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
  public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
    class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
    where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
      E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
      E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
  1 error
  

  To fix these build errors, the class implementing these interfaces should override the method with a compatible return type. For example:

  @Override
  public Object getFirst() {
      return List.super.getFirst();
  }
  

Segurança

O Android 15 inclui mudanças que promovem a segurança do sistema para ajudar a proteger apps e usuários contra apps maliciosos.

Versões restritas do TLS

Android 15 restricts the usage of TLS versions 1.0 and 1.1. These versions had previously been deprecated in Android, but are now disallowed for apps targeting Android 15.

A atividade em segundo plano segura é iniciada

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

In addition to the restriction for UID matching, these other changes are also included:

• Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
• Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
• Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
• Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
• Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

Intents mais seguras

Android 15 introduces new optional security measures to make intents safer and more robust. These changes are aimed at preventing potential vulnerabilities and misuse of intents that can be exploited by malicious apps. There are two main improvements to the security of intents in Android 15:

• Match target intent-filters: Intents that target specific components must accurately match the target's intent-filter specifications. If you send an intent to launch another app's activity, the target intent component needs to align with the receiving activity's declared intent-filters.
• Intents must have actions: Intents without an action will no longer match any intent-filters. This means that intents used to start activities or services must have a clearly defined action.

In order to check how your app responds to these changes, use StrictMode in your app. To see detailed logs about Intent usage violations, add the following method:

fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

Experiência do usuário e interface do sistema

O Android 15 inclui algumas mudanças que têm como objetivo criar uma experiência do usuário mais consistente e intuitiva.

Mudanças no encarte da janela

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

Aplicação de ponta a ponta

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

• Gesture handle navigation bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
• 3-button navigation
  • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
  • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
• Status bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
  • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
  • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
• Display cutout
  • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets.

What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

• You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
• There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
  • Onboarding or sign-in screens
  • Settings pages

What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

• If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
• If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
• If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
• For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
• If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".

What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are deprecated but not disabled:

• R.attr#enforceStatusBarContrast
• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#isStatusBarContrastEnforced
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#setStatusBarContrastEnforced

The following APIs are deprecated and disabled:

• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• R.attr#navigationBarDividerColor
• R.attr#statusBarColor
• Window#setDecorFitsSystemWindows
• Window#getNavigationBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#getStatusBarColor
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• Window#setNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#setStatusBarColor

Configuração estável

If your app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher, Configuration no longer excludes the system bars. If you use the screen size in the Configuration class for layout calculation, you should replace it with better alternatives like an appropriate ViewGroup, WindowInsets, or WindowMetricsCalculator depending on your need.

Configuration has been available since API 1. It is typically obtained from Activity.onConfigurationChanged. It provides information like window density, orientation, and sizes. One important characteristic about the window sizes returned from Configuration is that it previously excluded the system bars.

The configuration size is typically used for resource selection, such as /res/layout-h500dp, and this is still a valid use case. However, using it for layout calculation has always been discouraged. If you do so, you should move away from it now. You should replace the use of Configuration with something more suitable depending on your use case.

If you use it to calculate the layout, use an appropriate ViewGroup, such as CoordinatorLayout or ConstraintLayout. If you use it to determine the height of the system navbar, use WindowInsets. If you want to know the current size of your app window, use computeCurrentWindowMetrics.

The following list describes the fields affected by this change:

• Configuration.screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp sizes no longer exclude the system bars.
• Configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp.
• Configuration.orientation is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp on close-to-square devices.
• Display.getSize(Point) is indirectly affected by the changes in Configuration. This was deprecated beginning in API level 30.
• Display.getMetrics() has already worked like this since API level 33.

O atributo "elegantTextHeight" tem como padrão "true"

Em apps destinados ao Android 15 (nível 35 da API), o atributo elegantTextHeight TextView passa a ser true por padrão, substituindo a fonte compacta usada por padrão por alguns scripts com métricas verticais grandes por uma que é muito mais legível. A fonte compacta foi introduzida para evitar a quebra de layouts. O Android 13 (nível 33 da API) evita muitas dessas quebras, permitindo que o layout de texto estique a altura vertical usando o atributo fallbackLineSpacing.

No Android 15, a fonte compacta ainda permanece no sistema. Assim, o app pode definir elegantTextHeight como false para ter o mesmo comportamento de antes, mas é improvável que haja suporte a ele nas próximas versões. Portanto, se o app oferecer suporte aos seguintes scripts: árabe, lao, birmanês, tâmil, gujarati, canarês, malaiala, odia, télugo ou tailandês, teste o app definindo elegantTextHeight como true.

A largura do TextView muda para formas de letras complexas

In previous versions of Android, some cursive fonts or languages that have complex shaping might draw the letters in the previous or next character's area. In some cases, such letters were clipped at the beginning or ending position. Starting in Android 15, a TextView allocates width for drawing enough space for such letters and allows apps to request extra paddings to the left to prevent clipping.

Because this change affects how a TextView decides the width, TextView allocates more width by default if the app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. You can enable or disable this behavior by calling the setUseBoundsForWidth API on TextView.

Because adding left padding might cause a misalignment for existing layouts, the padding is not added by default even for apps that target Android 15 or higher. However, you can add extra padding to preventing clipping by calling setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang.

The following examples show how these changes can improve text layout for some fonts and languages.

Standard layout for English text in a cursive font. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />

Layout for the same English text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Standard layout for Thai text. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />

Layout for the same Thai text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Altura da linha padrão com suporte a localidade para EditText

Nas versões anteriores do Android, o layout de texto estendia a altura do texto para atender à altura da linha da fonte que correspondia à localidade atual. Por exemplo, se o conteúdo estivesse em japonês, a altura da linha da fonte japonesa seria um pouco maior do que a de uma fonte latina, e a altura do texto ficaria um pouco maior. No entanto, apesar dessas diferenças nas alturas das linhas, o elemento EditText foi dimensionado de maneira uniforme, independentemente da localidade usada, conforme ilustrado na imagem a seguir:

Para apps direcionados ao Android 15 (nível 35 da API), uma altura mínima de linha agora é reservada para EditText para corresponder à fonte de referência da localidade especificada, conforme mostrado na imagem a seguir:

Se necessário, o app pode restaurar o comportamento anterior especificando o atributo useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum para false e definir métricas verticais mínimas personalizadas usando a API setMinimumFontMetrics em Kotlin e Java.

Câmera e mídia

O Android 15 faz as seguintes mudanças no comportamento da câmera e da mídia para apps direcionados ao Android 15 ou mais recente.

Restrições ao solicitar o foco de áudio

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) must be the top app or running a foreground service in order to request audio focus. If an app attempts to request focus when it does not meet one of these requirements, the call returns AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED.

You can learn more about audio focus at Manage audio focus.

Atualização das restrições não SDK

Android 15 includes updated lists of restricted non-SDK interfaces based on collaboration with Android developers and the latest internal testing. Whenever possible, we make sure that public alternatives are available before we restrict non-SDK interfaces.

If your app does not target Android 15, some of these changes might not immediately affect you. However, while it's possible for your app to access some non-SDK interfaces depending on your app's target API level, using any non-SDK method or field always carries a high risk of breaking your app.

If you are unsure if your app uses non-SDK interfaces, you can test your app to find out. If your app relies on non-SDK interfaces, you should begin planning a migration to SDK alternatives. Nevertheless, we understand that some apps have valid use cases for using non-SDK interfaces. If you can't find an alternative to using a non-SDK interface for a feature in your app, you should request a new public API.

Para saber mais sobre as mudanças dessa versão do Android, consulte Atualizações para restrições de interfaces não SDK no Android 15. Para saber mais sobre interfaces não SDK em geral, consulte Restrições para interfaces não SDK.