Android 15 memperkenalkan fitur dan API baru yang hebat untuk para developer. Bagian berikut merangkum fitur ini untuk membantu Anda mulai menggunakan API terkait.
Untuk melihat daftar mendetail tentang API yang ditambahkan, diubah, dan dihapus, baca laporan perbedaan API. Untuk mengetahui detail tentang API yang ditambahkan, buka referensi API Android — untuk Android 15, cari API yang ditambahkan di level API 35. Untuk mempelajari area tempat perubahan platform dapat memengaruhi aplikasi Anda, pastikan untuk memeriksa perubahan perilaku Android 15 untuk aplikasi yang menargetkan Android 15 dan untuk semua aplikasi.
Kamera dan media
Android 15 menyertakan berbagai fitur yang meningkatkan pengalaman kamera dan media, serta memberi Anda akses ke alat dan hardware untuk mendukung kreator dalam mewujudkan visi mereka di Android.
Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya tentang fitur dan solusi developer terbaru untuk media dan kamera Android, lihat materi Membangun pengalaman media dan kamera Android modern dari Google I/O.
Peningkatan Cahaya Rendah
Android 15 introduces Low Light Boost, an auto-exposure mode available to both Camera 2 and the night mode camera extension. Low Light Boost adjusts the exposure of the Preview stream in low-light conditions. This is different from how the night mode camera extension creates still images, because night mode combines a burst of photos to create a single, enhanced image. While night mode works very well for creating a still image, it can't create a continuous stream of frames, but Low Light Boost can. Thus, Low Light Boost enables camera capabilities, such as:
- Providing an enhanced image preview, so users are better able to frame their low-light pictures
- Scanning QR codes in low light
If you enable Low Light Boost, it automatically turns on when there's a low light level, and turns off when there's more light.
Apps can record off the Preview stream in low-light conditions to save a brightened video.
For more information, see Low Light Boost.
Kontrol kamera dalam aplikasi
Android 15 adds an extension for more control over the camera hardware and its algorithms on supported devices:
- Advanced flash strength adjustments enabling precise control of flash
intensity in both
SINGLEandTORCHmodes while capturing images.
Kontrol ruang kosong HDR
Android 15 chooses HDR headroom that is appropriate for the underlying device
capabilities and bit-depth of the panel. For pages that have lots of SDR
content, such as a messaging app displaying a single HDR thumbnail, this
behavior can end up adversely influencing the perceived brightness of the SDR
content. Android 15 lets you control the HDR headroom with
setDesiredHdrHeadroom to strike a balance between SDR
and HDR content.
Kontrol kerasan suara
Android 15 introduces support for the CTA-2075 loudness standard to help you avoid audio loudness inconsistencies and ensure users don't have to constantly adjust volume when switching between content. The system leverages known characteristics of the output devices (headphones and speaker) along with loudness metadata available in AAC audio content to intelligently adjust the audio loudness and dynamic range compression levels.
To enable this feature, you need to ensure loudness metadata is available in
your AAC content and enable the platform feature in your app. For this, you
instantiate a LoudnessCodecController object by
calling its create factory method with the audio
session ID from the associated AudioTrack; this
automatically starts applying audio updates. You can pass an
OnLoudnessCodecUpdateListener to modify or filter
loudness parameters before they are applied on the
MediaCodec.
// Media contains metadata of type MPEG_4 OR MPEG_D
val mediaCodec = …
val audioTrack = AudioTrack.Builder()
.setSessionId(sessionId)
.build()
...
// Create new loudness controller that applies the parameters to the MediaCodec
try {
val lcController = LoudnessCodecController.create(mSessionId)
// Starts applying audio updates for each added MediaCodec
}
AndroidX media3 ExoPlayer will also be updated to use the
LoudnessCodecController APIs for a seamless app integration.
Perangkat MIDI 2.0 virtual
Android 13 added support for connecting to MIDI 2.0 devices using USB, which communicate using Universal MIDI Packets (UMP). Android 15 extends UMP support to virtual MIDI apps, enabling composition apps to control synthesizer apps as a virtual MIDI 2.0 device just like they would with an USB MIDI 2.0 device.
Decoding software AV1 yang lebih efisien
dav1d, the popular AV1 software decoder from VideoLAN is available for Android devices that don't support AV1 decode in hardware. dav1d is up to 3x more performant than the legacy AV1 software decoder, enabling HD AV1 playback for more users, including some low and mid tier devices.
Your app needs to opt-in to using dav1d by invoking it by name
"c2.android.av1-dav1d.decoder". dav1d will be made the default AV1 software
decoder in a subsequent update. This support is standardized and backported to
Android 11 devices that receive Google Play system updates.
Alat dan produktivitas developer
Meskipun sebagian besar upaya kami untuk meningkatkan produktivitas Anda berpusat pada alat seperti Android Studio, Jetpack Compose, dan library Android Jetpack, kami selalu mencari cara di platform untuk membantu Anda mewujudkan visi dengan lebih mudah.
Update OpenJDK 17
Android 15 melanjutkan pekerjaan memuat ulang library inti Android agar selaras dengan fitur dalam rilis OpenJDK LTS terbaru.
Fitur dan peningkatan utama berikut disertakan:
- Peningkatan kualitas hidup di sekitar buffer NIO
- Streaming
- Metode
mathdanstrictmathtambahan - Update paket
utiltermasukcollection,map, dansetyang diurutkan - Dukungan
ByteBufferdiDeflater - Update keamanan seperti
X500PrivateCredentialdan update kunci keamanan
API ini diupdate di lebih dari satu miliar perangkat yang menjalankan Android 12 (API level 31) dan yang lebih tinggi melalui update Sistem Google Play, sehingga Anda dapat menargetkan fitur pemrograman terbaru.
Peningkatan PDF
Android 15 includes substantial improvements to the PdfRenderer
APIs. Apps can incorporate advanced features such as rendering
password-protected files, annotations, form editing,
searching, and selection with copy. Linearized PDF
optimizations are supported to speed local PDF viewing and reduce resource use.
The Jetpack PDF library uses these APIs to simplify adding PDF
viewing capabilities to your app.
The PdfRenderer has been moved to a module that can be updated using Google
Play system updates independent of the platform release, and we're supporting
these changes back to Android 11 (API level 30) by creating a compatible
pre-Android 15 version of the API surface, called
PdfRendererPreV.
Penyempurnaan pengalihan bahasa otomatis
Android 14 menambahkan pengenalan multibahasa di perangkat dalam audio dengan peralihan
otomatis antarbahasa, tetapi hal ini dapat menyebabkan kata dihapus,
terutama saat bahasa beralih dengan sedikit jeda di antara dua
ucapan. Android 15 menambahkan kontrol tambahan untuk membantu aplikasi menyesuaikan pengalihan ini
ke kasus penggunaannya.
EXTRA_LANGUAGE_SWITCH_INITIAL_ACTIVE_DURATION_TIME_MILLIS
membatasi pengalihan otomatis ke awal sesi audio, sedangkan
EXTRA_LANGUAGE_SWITCH_MATCH_SWITCHES menonaktifkan
pengalihan bahasa setelah sejumlah pengalihan yang ditentukan. Opsi ini
sangat berguna jika Anda memperkirakan bahwa akan ada satu bahasa yang diucapkan
selama sesi yang akan dideteksi secara otomatis.
Peningkatan OpenType Variable Font API
Android 15 improves the usability of the OpenType variable font. You can create
a FontFamily instance from a variable font without specifying weight axes
with the buildVariableFamily API. The text renderer overrides the value
of wght axis to match the displaying text.
Using the API simplifies the code for creating a Typeface considerably:
Kotlin
val newTypeface = Typeface.CustomFallbackBuilder( FontFamily.Builder( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf").build()) .buildVariableFamily()) .build()
Java
Typeface newTypeface = Typeface.CustomFallbackBuilder( new FontFamily.Builder( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf").build()) .buildVariableFamily()) .build();
Previously, to create the same Typeface, you would need much more code:
Kotlin
val oldTypeface = Typeface.CustomFallbackBuilder( FontFamily.Builder( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 400") .setWeight(400) .build()) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 100") .setWeight(100) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 200") .setWeight(200) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 300") .setWeight(300) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 500") .setWeight(500) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 600") .setWeight(600) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 700") .setWeight(700) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 800") .setWeight(800) .build() ) .addFont( Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 900") .setWeight(900) .build() ).build() ).build()
Java
Typeface oldTypeface = new Typeface.CustomFallbackBuilder( new FontFamily.Builder( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 400") .setWeight(400) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 100") .setWeight(100) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 200") .setWeight(200) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 300") .setWeight(300) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 500") .setWeight(500) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 600") .setWeight(600) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 700") .setWeight(700) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 800") .setWeight(800) .build() ) .addFont( new Font.Builder(assets, "RobotoFlex.ttf") .setFontVariationSettings("'wght' 900") .setWeight(900) .build() ) .build() ).build();
Here's an example of how a Typeface created with both the old and new APIs
renders:
In this example, the Typeface created with the old API doesn't have the
capability to create accurate font weights for the 350, 450, 550 and 650
Font instances, so the renderer falls back to the closest weight. So in
this case, 300 is rendered instead of 350, 400 is rendered instead of 450, and
so on. By contrast, the Typeface created with the new APIs dynamically creates
a Font instance for a given weight, so accurate weights are rendered for 350,
450, 550, and 650 as well.
Kontrol pemisah baris terperinci
Starting in Android 15, a TextView and the underlying
line breaker can preserve the given portion of text in the same line to improve
readability. You can take advantage of this line break customization by using
the <nobreak> tag in string resources or
createNoBreakSpan. Similarly, you can preserve words from
hyphenation by using the <nohyphen> tag or
createNoHyphenationSpan.
For example, the following string resource doesn't include a line break, and renders with the text "Pixel 8 Pro." breaking in an undesirable place:
<resources>
<string name="pixel8pro">The power and brains behind Pixel 8 Pro.</string>
</resources>
In contrast, this string resource includes the <nobreak> tag, which wraps the
phrase "Pixel 8 Pro." and prevents line breaks:
<resources>
<string name="pixel8pro">The power and brains behind <nobreak>Pixel 8 Pro.</nobreak></string>
</resources>
The difference in how these strings are rendered is shown in the following images:
<nobreak> tag.
<nobreak> tag.Pengarsipan aplikasi
Android and Google Play announced support for app archiving last year, allowing users to free up space by partially removing infrequently used apps from the device that were published using Android App Bundle on Google Play. Android 15 includes OS level support for app archiving and unarchiving, making it easier for all app stores to implement it.
Apps with the REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES permission can call the
PackageInstaller requestArchive method to request archiving an
installed app package, which removes the APK and any cached files, but persists
user data. Archived apps are returned as displayable apps through the
LauncherApps APIs; users will see a UI treatment to highlight that those
apps are archived. If a user taps on an archived app, the responsible installer
will get a request to unarchive it, and the restoration process can be
monitored by the ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED broadcast.
Mengaktifkan mode 16 KB di perangkat menggunakan opsi developer
Aktifkan opsi developer Boot dengan ukuran halaman 16 KB untuk mem-boot perangkat dalam mode 16 KB.
Dalam versi QPR Android 15, Anda dapat menggunakan opsi developer yang tersedia di perangkat tertentu untuk mem-boot perangkat dalam mode 16 KB dan melakukan pengujian di perangkat. Sebelum menggunakan opsi developer, buka Setelan > Sistem > Update software dan terapkan update yang tersedia.
Opsi developer ini tersedia di perangkat berikut:
Pixel 8 dan 8 Pro (dengan Android 15 QPR1 atau yang lebih tinggi)
Pixel 8a (dengan Android 15 QPR1 atau yang lebih baru)
Pixel 9, 9 Pro, dan 9 Pro XL (dengan Android 15 QPR2 Beta 2 atau yang lebih baru)
Grafik
Android 15 menghadirkan peningkatan grafis terbaru, termasuk ANGLE dan penambahan pada sistem grafis Canvas.
Memodernisasi akses GPU Android
Android hardware has evolved quite a bit from the early days where the core OS would run on a single CPU and GPUs were accessed using APIs based on fixed-function pipelines. The Vulkan® graphics API has been available in the NDK since Android 7.0 (API level 24) with a lower-level abstraction that better reflects modern GPU hardware, scales better to support multiple CPU cores, and offers reduced CPU driver overhead — leading to improved app performance. Vulkan is supported by all modern game engines.
Vulkan is Android's preferred interface to the GPU. Therefore, Android 15 includes ANGLE as an optional layer for running OpenGL® ES on top of Vulkan. Moving to ANGLE will standardize the Android OpenGL implementation for improved compatibility, and, in some cases, improved performance. You can test out your OpenGL ES app stability and performance with ANGLE by enabling the developer option in Settings -> System -> Developer Options -> Experimental: Enable ANGLE on Android 15.
The Android ANGLE on Vulkan roadmap
As part of streamlining our GPU stack, going forward we will be shipping ANGLE as the GL system driver on more new devices, with the future expectation that OpenGL/ES will be only available through ANGLE. That being said, we plan to continue support for OpenGL ES on all devices.
Recommended next steps
Use the developer options to select the ANGLE driver for OpenGL ES and test your app. For new projects, we strongly encourage using Vulkan for C/C++.
Peningkatan untuk Canvas
Android 15 continues our modernization of Android's Canvas graphics system with additional capabilities:
Matrix44provides a 4x4 matrix for transforming coordinates that should be used when you want to manipulate the canvas in 3D.clipShaderintersects the current clip with the specified shader, whileclipOutShadersets the clip to the difference of the current clip and the shader, each treating the shader as an alpha mask. This supports the drawing of complex shapes efficiently.
Performa dan baterai
Android terus berfokus untuk membantu Anda meningkatkan performa dan kualitas aplikasi Anda. Android 15 memperkenalkan API yang membantu membuat tugas di aplikasi Anda dieksekusi secara lebih efisien, mengoptimalkan performa aplikasi, dan mengumpulkan insight tentang aplikasi Anda.
Untuk mengetahui praktik terbaik yang hemat baterai, cara men-debug penggunaan jaringan dan daya, serta detail tentang cara kami meningkatkan efisiensi baterai untuk tugas latar belakang di Android 15 dan Android versi terbaru, lihat materi Meningkatkan efisiensi baterai untuk tugas latar belakang di Android dari Google I/O.
ApplicationStartInfo API
Pada versi Android sebelumnya, startup aplikasi agak misterius. Sulit
untuk menentukan dalam aplikasi Anda apakah aplikasi dimulai dari status cold, warm,
atau hot. Sulit juga untuk mengetahui berapa lama aplikasi Anda menghabiskan waktu selama
berbagai fase peluncuran: melakukan fork pada proses, memanggil onCreate, menggambar
frame pertama, dan lainnya. Saat class Application dibuat instance-nya, Anda tidak
memiliki cara untuk mengetahui apakah aplikasi dimulai dari siaran, penyedia konten, tugas, pencadangan, booting selesai, alarm, atau Activity.
ApplicationStartInfo API di Android 15 menyediakan
semua hal ini dan lainnya. Anda bahkan dapat memilih untuk menambahkan stempel waktu Anda sendiri ke dalam
alur untuk membantu mengumpulkan data pengaturan waktu di satu tempat. Selain mengumpulkan
metrik, Anda dapat menggunakan ApplicationStartInfo untuk membantu mengoptimalkan langsung
startup aplikasi; misalnya, Anda dapat menghilangkan pembuatan instance library terkait
UI yang mahal dalam class Application saat aplikasi dimulai karena
siaran.
Informasi mendetail tentang ukuran aplikasi
Since Android 8.0 (API level 26), Android has included the
StorageStats.getAppBytes API that summarizes the installed
size of an app as a single number of bytes, which is a sum of the APK size, the
size of files extracted from the APK, and files that were generated on the
device such as ahead-of-time (AOT) compiled code. This number is not very
insightful in terms of how your app is using storage.
Android 15 adds the
StorageStats.getAppBytesByDataType([type]) API, which lets
you get insight into how your app is using up all that space, including APK file
splits, AOT and speedup related code, dex metadata, libraries, and guided
profiles.
Pembuatan profil yang dikelola aplikasi
Android 15 includes the ProfilingManager class,
which lets you collect profiling information from within your app such as heap
dumps, heap profiles, stack sampling, and more. It provides a callback to your
app with a supplied tag to identify the output file, which is delivered to your
app's files directory. The API does rate limiting to minimize the performance
impact.
To simplify constructing profiling requests in your app, we recommend using the
corresponding Profiling AndroidX API, available
in Core 1.15.0-rc01 or higher.
Peningkatan database SQLite
Android 15 introduces SQLite APIs that expose advanced features from the underlying SQLite engine that target specific performance issues that can manifest in apps. These APIs are included with the update of SQLite to version 3.44.3.
Developers should consult best practices for SQLite performance to get the most out of their SQLite database, especially when working with large databases or when running latency-sensitive queries.
- Read-only deferred transactions: when issuing transactions that are
read-only (don't include write statements), use
beginTransactionReadOnly()andbeginTransactionWithListenerReadOnly(SQLiteTransactionListener)to issue read-onlyDEFERREDtransactions. Such transactions can run concurrently with each other, and if the database is in WAL mode, they can run concurrently withIMMEDIATEorEXCLUSIVEtransactions. - Row counts and IDs: APIs were added to retrieve the count of changed
rows or the last inserted row ID without issuing an additional query.
getLastChangedRowCount()returns the number of rows that were inserted, updated, or deleted by the most recent SQL statement within the current transaction, whilegetTotalChangedRowCount()returns the count on the current connection.getLastInsertRowId()returns therowidof the last row to be inserted on the current connection. - Raw statements: issue a raw SQlite statement, bypassing convenience wrappers and any additional processing overhead that they may incur.
Update Android Dynamic Performance Framework
Android 15 continues our investment in the Android Dynamic Performance Framework (ADPF), a set of APIs that allow games and performance intensive apps to interact more directly with power and thermal systems of Android devices. On supported devices, Android 15 adds ADPF capabilities:
- A power-efficiency mode for hint sessions to indicate that their associated threads should prefer power saving over performance, great for long-running background workloads.
- GPU and CPU work durations can both be reported in hint sessions, allowing the system to adjust CPU and GPU frequencies together to best meet workload demands.
- Thermal headroom thresholds to interpret possible thermal throttling status based on headroom prediction.
To learn more about how to use ADPF in your apps and games, head over to the documentation.
Privasi
Android 15 menyertakan berbagai fitur yang membantu developer aplikasi melindungi privasi pengguna.
Deteksi perekaman layar
Android 15 menambahkan dukungan untuk aplikasi guna mendeteksi bahwa aplikasi sedang direkam. Callback dipanggil setiap kali aplikasi melakukan transisi antara terlihat atau tidak terlihat dalam perekaman layar. Aplikasi dianggap terlihat jika aktivitas yang dimiliki oleh UID proses pendaftaran direkam. Dengan cara ini, jika aplikasi melakukan operasi yang sensitif, Anda dapat memberi tahu pengguna bahwa mereka sedang direkam.
val mCallback = Consumer<Int> { state ->
if (state == SCREEN_RECORDING_STATE_VISIBLE) {
// We're being recorded
} else {
// We're not being recorded
}
}
override fun onStart() {
super.onStart()
val initialState =
windowManager.addScreenRecordingCallback(mainExecutor, mCallback)
mCallback.accept(initialState)
}
override fun onStop() {
super.onStop()
windowManager.removeScreenRecordingCallback(mCallback)
}
Kemampuan IntentFilter yang diperluas
Android 15 builds in support for more precise Intent resolution through
UriRelativeFilterGroup, which contains a set of
UriRelativeFilter objects that form a set of Intent
matching rules that must each be satisfied, including URL query parameters, URL
fragments, and blocking or exclusion rules.
These rules can be defined in the AndroidManifest XML file with the
<uri-relative-filter-group> tag, which can optionally include an
android:allow tag. These tags can contain <data> tags that use existing data
tag attributes as well as the android:query and android:fragment
attributes.
Here's an example of the AndroidManifest syntax:
<intent-filter android:autoVerify="true">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="http" />
<data android:scheme="https" />
<data android:host="astore.com" />
<uri-relative-filter-group>
<data android:pathPrefix="/auth" />
<data android:query="region=na" />
</uri-relative-filter-group>
<uri-relative-filter-group android:allow="false">
<data android:pathPrefix="/auth" />
<data android:query="mobileoptout=true" />
</uri-relative-filter-group>
<uri-relative-filter-group android:allow="false">
<data android:pathPrefix="/auth" />
<data android:fragmentPrefix="faq" />
</uri-relative-filter-group>
</intent-filter>
Ruang privasi
Ruang privasi memungkinkan pengguna membuat ruang terpisah di perangkat mereka tempat mereka dapat menyembunyikan aplikasi sensitif dari orang lain, dengan lapisan autentikasi tambahan. Ruang privasi menggunakan profil pengguna terpisah. Pengguna dapat memilih untuk menggunakan kunci perangkat atau faktor kunci terpisah untuk ruang pribadi.
Aplikasi di ruang pribadi muncul di penampung terpisah di peluncur, dan disembunyikan dari tampilan terbaru, notifikasi, setelan, dan dari aplikasi lain saat ruang pribadi dikunci. Konten yang dibuat dan didownload pengguna (seperti media atau file) dan akun dipisahkan antara ruang pribadi dan ruang utama. Sharesheet sistem dan pemilih foto dapat digunakan untuk memberi aplikasi akses ke konten di seluruh ruang saat ruang pribadi tidak dikunci.
Pengguna tidak dapat memindahkan aplikasi yang sudah ada dan datanya ke ruang pribadi. Sebagai gantinya, pengguna memilih opsi penginstalan di ruang pribadi untuk menginstal aplikasi menggunakan app store mana pun yang mereka inginkan. Aplikasi di ruang pribadi diinstal sebagai salinan terpisah dari aplikasi apa pun di ruang utama (salinan baru dari aplikasi yang sama).
Saat pengguna mengunci ruang pribadi, profil akan dihentikan. Saat profil dihentikan, aplikasi di ruang pribadi tidak lagi aktif dan tidak dapat melakukan aktivitas latar depan atau latar belakang, termasuk menampilkan notifikasi.
Sebaiknya uji aplikasi Anda dengan ruang pribadi untuk memastikan aplikasi berfungsi seperti yang diharapkan, terutama jika aplikasi Anda termasuk dalam salah satu kategori berikut:
- Aplikasi dengan logika untuk profil kerja yang mengasumsikan bahwa salinan aplikasi yang diinstal yang tidak ada di profil utama berada di profil kerja.
- Aplikasi medis
- Aplikasi peluncur
- Aplikasi app store
Membuat kueri pilihan pengguna terbaru untuk Akses Foto yang Dipilih
Apps can now highlight only the most-recently-selected photos and videos when
partial access to media permissions is granted. This feature can improve
the user experience for apps that frequently request access to photos and
videos. To use this feature in your app, enable the
QUERY_ARG_LATEST_SELECTION_ONLY argument when querying MediaStore
through ContentResolver.
Kotlin
val externalContentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external") val mediaColumns = arrayOf( FileColumns._ID, FileColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, FileColumns.MIME_TYPE, ) val queryArgs = bundleOf( // Return only items from the last selection (selected photos access) QUERY_ARG_LATEST_SELECTION_ONLY to true, // Sort returned items chronologically based on when they were added to the device's storage QUERY_ARG_SQL_SORT_ORDER to "${FileColumns.DATE_ADDED} DESC", QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION to "${FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE} = ? OR ${FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE} = ?", QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION_ARGS to arrayOf( FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE.toString(), FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO.toString() ) )
Java
Uri externalContentUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external"); String[] mediaColumns = { FileColumns._ID, FileColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, FileColumns.MIME_TYPE }; Bundle queryArgs = new Bundle(); queryArgs.putBoolean(MediaStore.QUERY_ARG_LATEST_SELECTION_ONLY, true); queryArgs.putString(MediaStore.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SORT_ORDER, FileColumns.DATE_ADDED + " DESC"); queryArgs.putString(MediaStore.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION, FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE + " = ? OR " + FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE + " = ?"); queryArgs.putStringArray(MediaStore.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION_ARGS, new String[] { String.valueOf(FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE), String.valueOf(FileColumns.MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) });
Privacy Sandbox di Android
Android 15 includes the latest Android Ad Services extensions, incorporating the latest version of the Privacy Sandbox on Android. This addition is part of our work to develop technologies that improve user privacy and enable effective, personalized advertising experiences for mobile apps. Our privacy sandbox page has more information about the Privacy Sandbox on Android developer preview and beta programs to help you get started.
Health Connect
Android 15 integrates the latest extensions around Health Connect by Android, a secure and centralized platform to manage and share app-collected health and fitness data. This update adds support for additional data types across fitness, nutrition, skin temperature, training plans, and more.
Skin temperature tracking allows users to store and share more accurate temperature data from a wearable or other tracking device.
Training plans are structured workout plans to help a user achieve their fitness goals. Training plans support includes a variety of completion and performance goals:
- Completion goals around calories burned, distance, duration, repetition, and steps.
- Performance goals around as many repetitions as possible (AMRAP), cadence, heart rate, power, perceived rate of exertion, and speed.
Learn more about the latest updates to Health Connect in Android in the Building adaptable experiences with Android Health talk from Google I/O.
Berbagi layar aplikasi
Android 15 supports app screen sharing so users can share or record just an
app window rather than the entire device screen. This feature, first enabled in
Android 14 QPR2, includes
MediaProjection callbacks that allow your app
to customize the app screen sharing experience. Note that for apps targeting
Android 14 (API level 34) or higher,
user consent is required for each
MediaProjection capture session.
Pengalaman pengguna dan UI sistem
Android 15 memberi developer dan pengguna aplikasi kontrol dan fleksibilitas yang lebih besar untuk mengonfigurasi perangkat agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka.
Untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut cara menggunakan peningkatan terbaru di Android 15 untuk meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna aplikasi Anda, tonton sesi Meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna aplikasi Android Anda dari Google I/O.
Pratinjau widget yang lebih kaya dengan Generated Previews API
Before Android 15, the only way to provide widget picker previews was to specify a static image or layout resource. These previews often differ significantly from the look of the actual widget when it is placed on the home screen. Also, static resources can't be created with Jetpack Glance, so a Glance developer had to screenshot their widget or create an XML layout to have a widget preview.
Android 15 adds support for generated previews. This means that app widget
providers can generate RemoteViews to use as the picker preview, instead
of a static resource.
Push API
Apps can provide generated previews through a push API. Apps can provide
previews at any point in their lifecycle, and don't receive an explicit request
from the host to provide previews. Previews are persisted in AppWidgetService,
and hosts can request them on-demand. The following example loads an XML widget
layout resource and sets it as the preview:
AppWidgetManager.getInstance(appContext).setWidgetPreview(
ComponentName(
appContext,
SociaLiteAppWidgetReceiver::class.java
),
AppWidgetProviderInfo.WIDGET_CATEGORY_HOME_SCREEN,
RemoteViews("com.example", R.layout.widget_preview)
)
The expected flow is:
- At any time, the widget provider calls
setWidgetPreview. The provided previews are persisted inAppWidgetServicewith other provider info. setWidgetPreviewnotifies hosts of an updated preview through theAppWidgetHost.onProvidersChangedcallback. In response, the widget host reloads all of its provider information.- When displaying a widget preview, the host checks
AppWidgetProviderInfo.generatedPreviewCategories, and if the chosen category is available, callsAppWidgetManager.getWidgetPreviewto return the saved preview for this provider.
When to call setWidgetPreview
Because there is no callback to provide previews, apps can choose to send previews at any point when they are running. How often to update the preview depends on the widget's use case.
The following list describes the two main categories of preview use cases:
- Providers that show real data in their widget previews, such as personalized or recent information. These providers can set the preview once the user has signed in or has done initial configuration in their app. After this, they can set up a periodic task to update the previews at their chosen cadence. Examples of this type of widget could be a photo, calendar, weather or news widget.
- Providers that show static information in previews or quick-action widgets that don't display any data. These providers can set previews once, when the app first launches. Examples of this type of widget include a drive quick actions widget or chrome shortcuts widget.
Some providers might show static previews on the hub mode picker, but real information on the homescreen picker. These providers should follow the guidance for both of these use cases to set previews.
Picture-in-Picture
Android 15 introduces changes in Picture-in-Picture (PiP) ensuring an even smoother transition when entering into PiP mode. This will be beneficial for apps having UI elements overlaid on top of their main UI, which goes into PiP.
Developers use the onPictureInPictureModeChanged callback to define logic
that toggles the visibility of the overlaid UI elements. This callback is
triggered when the PiP enter or exit animation is completed. Beginning in
Android 15, the PictureInPictureUiState class includes another state.
With this UI state, apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) will observe the
Activity#onPictureInPictureUiStateChanged callback being invoked with
isTransitioningToPip() as soon as the PiP animation starts. There are
many UI elements that are not relevant for the app when it is in PiP mode, for
example views or layout that include information such as suggestions, upcoming
video, ratings, and titles. When the app goes to PiP mode, use the
onPictureInPictureUiStateChanged callback to hide these UI elements. When the
app goes to full screen mode from the PiP window, use
onPictureInPictureModeChanged callback to unhide these elements, as shown in
the following examples:
override fun onPictureInPictureUiStateChanged(pipState: PictureInPictureUiState) {
if (pipState.isTransitioningToPip()) {
// Hide UI elements
}
}
override fun onPictureInPictureModeChanged(isInPictureInPictureMode: Boolean) {
if (isInPictureInPictureMode) {
// Unhide UI elements
}
}
This quick visibility toggle of irrelevant UI elements (for a PiP window) helps ensure a smoother and flicker-free PiP enter animation.
Aturan Jangan Ganggu yang ditingkatkan
AutomaticZenRule memungkinkan aplikasi menyesuaikan aturan Pengelolaan
Perhatian (Jangan Ganggu) dan memutuskan kapan harus mengaktifkan atau menonaktifkannya. Android 15 menyempurnakan aturan ini secara signifikan dengan tujuan meningkatkan
{i>user experience<i}. Peningkatan berikut disertakan:
- Menambahkan jenis ke
AutomaticZenRule, sehingga sistem dapat menerapkan perlakuan terhadap beberapa aturan. - Menambahkan ikon ke
AutomaticZenRule, membantu membuat mode lebih menarik dikenali. - Menambahkan string
triggerDescriptionkeAutomaticZenRuleyang mendeskripsikan kondisi tempat aturan harus diaktifkan bagi pengguna. - Ditambahkan
ZenDeviceEffectskeAutomaticZenRule, yang memungkinkan aturan memicu hal-hal seperti hitam putih layar, mode malam, atau meredupkan wallpaper.
Menetapkan VibrationEffect untuk saluran notifikasi
Android 15 supports setting rich vibrations for incoming notifications by
channel using NotificationChannel.setVibrationEffect, so
your users can distinguish between different types of notifications without
having to look at their device.
Chip status proyeksi media dan penghentian otomatis
Media projection can expose private user information. A new, prominent status bar chip makes users aware of any ongoing screen projection. Users can tap the chip to stop screen casting, sharing, or recording. Also, for a more intuitive user experience, any in‑progress screen projection now automatically stops when the device screen is locked.
Layar besar dan faktor bentuk
Android 15 memberi aplikasi Anda dukungan untuk mendapatkan hasil maksimal dari faktor bentuk Android, termasuk layar besar, perangkat flippable, dan perangkat foldable.
Multitasking layar besar yang ditingkatkan
Android 15 gives users better ways to multitask on large screen devices. For example, users can save their favorite split-screen app combinations for quick access and pin the taskbar on screen to quickly switch between apps. This means that making sure your app is adaptive is more important than ever.
Google I/O has sessions on Building adaptive Android apps and Building UI with the Material 3 adaptive library that can help, and our documentation has more to help you Design for large screens.
Dukungan layar luar
Aplikasi Anda dapat mendeklarasikan properti yang digunakan Android 15 untuk
memungkinkan Application atau Activity ditampilkan di layar penutup
kecil perangkat yang dapat dibalik yang didukung. Layar ini terlalu kecil untuk
dianggap sebagai target yang kompatibel untuk menjalankan aplikasi Android, tetapi aplikasi Anda dapat
memilih untuk mendukungnya, sehingga aplikasi Anda tersedia di lebih banyak tempat.
Konektivitas
Android 15 mengupdate platform untuk memberi aplikasi Anda akses ke kemajuan terbaru dalam teknologi nirkabel dan komunikasi.
Dukungan satelit
Android 15 terus memperluas dukungan platform untuk konektivitas satelit dan menyertakan beberapa elemen UI untuk memastikan pengalaman pengguna yang konsisten di seluruh lanskap konektivitas satelit.
Aplikasi dapat menggunakan ServiceState.isUsingNonTerrestrialNetwork() untuk
mendeteksi saat perangkat terhubung ke satelit, sehingga memberi mereka
mengapa layanan jaringan
penuh mungkin tidak tersedia. Selain itu, Android 15
menyediakan dukungan untuk aplikasi SMS dan MMS serta aplikasi RCS bawaan untuk digunakan
konektivitas satelit untuk mengirim
dan menerima pesan.
Pengalaman NFC yang lebih lancar
Android 15 is working to make the tap to pay experience more seamless and
reliable while continuing to support Android's robust NFC app ecosystem. On
supported devices, apps can request the NfcAdapter to enter
observe mode, where the device listens but doesn't respond to NFC
readers, sending the app's NFC service PollingFrame
objects to process. The PollingFrame objects can be used to auth
ahead of the first communication to the NFC reader, allowing for a one tap
transaction in many cases.
In addition, apps can register a filter on supported devices so they can be notified of polling loop activity, which allows for smooth operation with multiple NFC-aware applications.
Peran Wallet
Android 15 introduces a Wallet role that allows tighter integration with the user's preferred wallet app. This role replaces the NFC default contactless payment setting. Users can manage the Wallet role holder by navigating to Settings > Apps > Default Apps.
The Wallet role is used when routing NFC taps for AIDs registered in the payment category. Taps always go to the Wallet role holder unless another app that is registered for the same AID is running in the foreground.
This role is also used to determine where the Wallet Quick Access tile should go when activated. When the role is set to "None", the Quick Access tile isn't available and payment category NFC taps are only delivered to the foreground app.
Keamanan
Android 15 membantu Anda meningkatkan keamanan aplikasi, melindungi data aplikasi, dan memberi pengguna lebih banyak transparansi dan kontrol atas data mereka. Tonton video Menjaga keamanan pengguna di Android dari Google I/O untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut tindakan yang kami lakukan untuk meningkatkan pengamanan pengguna dan melindungi aplikasi Anda dari ancaman baru.
Mengintegrasikan Credential Manager dengan isi otomatis
Starting with Android 15, developers can link specific views like username or password fields with Credential Manager requests, making it easier to provide a tailored user experience during the sign-in process. When the user focuses on one of these views, a corresponding request is sent to Credential Manager. The resulting credentials are aggregated across providers and displayed in autofill fallback UIs, such as inline suggestions or drop-down suggestions. The Jetpack androidx.credentials library is the preferred endpoint for developers to use and will soon be available to further enhance this feature in Android 15 and higher.
Mengintegrasikan pendaftaran dan login sekali ketuk dengan perintah biometrik
Credential Manager integrates biometric prompts into the credential creation and sign-in processes, eliminating the need for providers to manage biometric prompts. As a result, credential providers only need to focus on the results of the create and get flows, augmented with the biometric flow result. This simplified process creates a more efficient and streamlined credential creation and retrieval process.
Pengelolaan kunci untuk enkripsi end-to-end
Kami memperkenalkan E2eeContactKeysManager di Android 15, yang
memfasilitasi enkripsi end-to-end (E2EE) di aplikasi Android Anda dengan menyediakan
API tingkat OS untuk penyimpanan kunci publik kriptografis.
E2eeContactKeysManager dirancang untuk berintegrasi dengan aplikasi
kontak platform guna memberi pengguna cara terpusat untuk mengelola dan memverifikasi
kunci publik kontak mereka.
Pemeriksaan izin pada URI konten
Android 15 memperkenalkan serangkaian API yang melakukan pemeriksaan izin pada URI konten:
Context.checkContentUriPermissionFull: Tindakan ini melakukan pemeriksaan izin penuh pada URI konten.- Atribut manifes
ActivityrequireContentUriPermissionFromCaller: Ini menerapkan izin yang ditentukan pada URI konten yang diberikan saat peluncuran aktivitas. - Class
ComponentCalleruntuk pemanggilActivity: Class ini mewakili aplikasi yang meluncurkan aktivitas.
Aksesibilitas
Android 15 menambahkan fitur yang meningkatkan aksesibilitas bagi pengguna.
Braille yang Lebih Baik
In Android 15, we've made it possible for TalkBack to support Braille displays that are using the HID standard over both USB and secure Bluetooth.
This standard, much like the one used by mice and keyboards, will help Android support a wider range of Braille displays over time.
Internasionalisasi
Android 15 menambahkan fitur dan kemampuan yang melengkapi pengalaman pengguna saat perangkat digunakan dalam bahasa yang berbeda.
Font variabel CJK
Starting with Android 15, the font file for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (CJK) languages, NotoSansCJK, is now a variable font. Variable fonts open up possibilities for creative typography in CJK languages. Designers can explore a broader range of styles and create visually striking layouts that were previously difficult or impossible to achieve.
Justifikasi antar-karakter
Starting with Android 15, text can be justified utilizing letter spacing by
using JUSTIFICATION_MODE_INTER_CHARACTER. Inter-word justification was
first introduced in Android 8.0 (API level 26), and inter-character
justification provides similar capabilities for languages that use the
whitespace character for segmentation, such as Chinese, Japanese, and others.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_NONE.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_NONE.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_INTER_WORD.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_INTER_WORD.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_INTER_CHARACTER.
JUSTIFICATION_MODE_INTER_CHARACTER.Konfigurasi jeda baris otomatis
Android started supporting phrase-based line breaks for Japanese and Korean in
Android 13 (API level 33). However, while phrase-based line breaks improve the
readability of short lines of text, they don't work well for long lines of text.
In Android 15, apps can apply phrase-based line breaks only for short lines
of text, using the LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_AUTO
option. This option selects the best word style option for the text.
For short lines of text, phrase-based line breaks are used, functioning the same
as LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_PHRASE, as shown in the
following image:
LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_AUTO
applies phrase-based line breaks to improve the readability of the text.
This is the same as applying
LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_PHRASE.For longer lines of text, LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_AUTO uses a no
line-break word style, functioning the same as
LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_NONE, as shown in the
following image:
LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_AUTO
applies no line-break word style to improve the readability of the text.
This is the same as applying
LINE_BREAK_WORD_STYLE_NONE.Font Hentaigana Jepang Tambahan
In Android 15, a font file for old Japanese Hiragana (known as Hentaigana) is bundled by default. The unique shapes of Hentaigana characters can add a distinctive flair to artwork or design while also helping to preserve accurate transmission and understanding of ancient Japanese documents.
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