Cambios en el comportamiento: apps orientadas a Android 15 o versiones posteriores

Al igual que las versiones anteriores, Android 15 incluye cambios de comportamiento que podrían afectar tu app. Los siguientes cambios de comportamiento se aplican exclusivamente a las apps que son que se orienten a Android 15 o versiones posteriores. Si tu app está orientada a Android 15 o versiones posteriores, debes modificar tu app para que admita correctamente estos comportamientos, que corresponda.

Asegúrate de revisar también la lista de cambios de comportamiento que afectan a todas las apps que se ejecuten en Android 15, independientemente de la targetSdkVersion de tu app.

Funcionalidad principal

Android 15 modifica o expande varias capacidades principales del sistema Android.

Cambios en los servicios en primer plano

We are making the following changes to foreground services with Android 15.

• Data sync foreground service timeout behavior
• New media processing foreground service type
• Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services
• Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Data sync foreground service timeout behavior

Android 15 introduces a new timeout behavior to dataSync for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. This behavior also applies to the new mediaProcessing foreground service type.

The system permits an app's dataSync services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). When Service.onTimeout() is called, the service is no longer considered a foreground service. If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid problems with this behavior change, you can do one or more of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's dataSync services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start dataSync foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a dataSync foreground service, use an alternative API.

If your app's dataSync foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another dataSync foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another dataSync foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type dataSync".

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable data sync timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

New media processing foreground service type

Android 15 introduces a new foreground service type, mediaProcessing. This service type is appropriate for operations like transcoding media files. For example, a media app might download an audio file and need to convert it to a different format before playing it. You can use a mediaProcessing foreground service to make sure the conversion continues even while the app is in the background.

The system permits an app's mediaProcessing services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid having the exception, you can do one of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's mediaProcessing services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start mediaProcessing foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a mediaProcessing foreground service, use an alternative API, like WorkManager.

If your app's mediaProcessing foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another mediaProcessing foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another mediaProcessing foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type mediaProcessing".

For more information about the mediaProcessing service type, see Changes to foreground service types for Android 15: Media processing.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable media processing timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services

Hay nuevas restricciones para los receptores de emisión de BOOT_COMPLETED que se lanzan servicios en primer plano. Los receptores BOOT_COMPLETED no pueden iniciar los siguientes tipos de servicios en primer plano:

• dataSync
• camera
• mediaPlayback
• phoneCall
• mediaProjection
• microphone (esta restricción se aplicó por microphone desde el Android 14)

Si un receptor BOOT_COMPLETED intenta iniciar cualquiera de esos tipos de primer plano. servicios, el sistema arroja una ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Prueba

Para probar el comportamiento de tu app, puedes habilitar estas nuevas restricciones, incluso si tu app no está segmentada para Android 15 (siempre que la app se ejecute en un dispositivo con Android 15). Ejecuta el siguiente comando adb:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Para enviar una transmisión de BOOT_COMPLETED sin reiniciar el dispositivo, haz lo siguiente: Ejecuta el siguiente comando adb:

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Previously, if an app held the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission, it could launch a foreground service even if the app was currently in the background (as discussed in exemptions from background start restrictions).

If an app targets Android 15, this exemption is now narrower. The app now needs to have the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and also have a visible overlay window. That is, the app needs to first launch a TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY window and the window needs to be visible before you start a foreground service.

If your app attempts to start a foreground service from the background without meeting these new requirements (and it does not have some other exemption), the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

If your app declares the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and launches foreground services from the background, it may be affected by this change. If your app gets a ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, check your app's order of operations and make sure your app already has an active overlay window before it attempts to start a foreground service from the background. You can check if your overlay window is currently visible by calling View.getWindowVisibility(), or you can override View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() to get notified whenever the visibility changes.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable these new restrictions on starting foreground services from the background, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Cambios en el momento en que las apps pueden modificar el estado global del modo No interrumpir

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) and higher can no longer change the global state or policy of Do Not Disturb (DND) on a device (either by modifying user settings, or turning off DND mode). Instead, apps must contribute an AutomaticZenRule, which the system combines into a global policy with the existing most-restrictive-policy-wins scheme. Calls to existing APIs that previously affected global state (setInterruptionFilter, setNotificationPolicy) result in the creation or update of an implicit AutomaticZenRule, which is toggled on and off depending on the call-cycle of those API calls.

Note that this change only affects observable behavior if the app is calling setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) and expects that call to deactivate an AutomaticZenRule that was previously activated by their owners.

Cambios en la API de OpenJDK

Android 15 continúa la tarea de actualizar las bibliotecas principales de Android para alinearlas con las funciones de las versiones más recientes de OpenJDK LTS.

Algunos de estos cambios pueden afectar la compatibilidad de las apps con la segmentación Android 15 (nivel de API 35):

• Cambios en las APIs de formato de cadenas: Validación de índices de argumentos, marcas, ancho y precisión ahora son más estrictas cuando se usan los siguientes APIs de String.format() y Formatter.format():

  • String.format(String, Object[])
  • String.format(Locale, String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(Locale, String, Object[])

  Por ejemplo, se arroja la siguiente excepción cuando un índice de argumento es 0. (%0 en la cadena de formato):

  IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0
  

  En este caso, el problema se puede solucionar usando un índice de argumentos de 1 (%1 en la cadena de formato).

• Cambios en el tipo de componente de Arrays.asList(...).toArray(): Cuando se usa Arrays.asList(...).toArray(), el tipo de componente del array resultante es ahora es un Object, no el tipo de elementos del array subyacente. Entonces, El siguiente código arroja una ClassCastException:

  String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();
  

  En este caso, para conservar String como el tipo de componente en la array, puedes usar Collection.toArray(Object[]) en su lugar:

  String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);
  

• Cambios en el manejo del código de idioma: Cuando usas la API de Locale, los códigos de idioma del hebreo, el yidis e indonesio ya no se convierten a sus formas obsoletas (en hebreo: iw, yidis: ji e indonesio: in). Al especificar el código de idioma para una de estas configuraciones regionales, utiliza los códigos de ISO 639-1 en su lugar (hebreo: he, yidis: yi e indonesio: id).

• Cambios en secuencias int aleatorias: Sigue los cambios realizados en https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574, los siguientes Los métodos Random.ints() ahora muestran una secuencia de números diferente a la los métodos Random.nextInt() hacen lo siguiente:

  • Random.ints(long)
  • Random.ints(long, int, int)
  • Random.ints(int, int)
  • Random.ints()

  Por lo general, este cambio no debería causar un comportamiento rotundo en la app, pero el código no debería esperar que la secuencia generada a partir de los métodos Random.ints() coincide con Random.nextInt().

La nueva API de SequencedCollection puede afectar la compatibilidad de tu app después de actualizar compileSdk en la configuración de compilación de tu app para que se use Android 15 (nivel de API 35):

• Colisiones con MutableList.removeFirst() y Funciones de extensión MutableList.removeLast() en kotlin-stdlib

  El tipo List en Java se asigna al tipo MutableList en Kotlin. Debido a que las APIs de List.removeFirst() y List.removeLast() se introdujeron en Android 15 (nivel de API 35), el compilador de Kotlin que resuelve llamadas a funciones (por ejemplo, list.removeFirst()) de forma estática al nuevas APIs de List en lugar de las funciones de extensión en kotlin-stdlib:

  Si se vuelve a compilar una app con compileSdk establecido en 35 y minSdk establecido en 34 o versiones anteriores, y luego la app se ejecuta en Android 14 y versiones anteriores, un entorno de ejecución se genera el siguiente error:

  java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
  removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;
  

  La opción de lint NewApi existente en el complemento de Android para Gradle puede detectar estos nuevos usos de la API.

  ./gradlew lint
  
  MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
        list.removeFirst()
  

  Para corregir la excepción del tiempo de ejecución y los errores de lint, las variables removeFirst() y Las llamadas a función removeLast() se pueden reemplazar por removeAt(0) y removeAt(list.lastIndex) respectivamente en Kotlin. Si utilizas Ladybug de Android Studio | 2024.1.3 o una versión posterior, también proporciona una solución rápida para estos errores.

  Te recomendamos quitar @SuppressLint("NewApi") y lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } si se inhabilitó la opción de lint.

• Colisión con otros métodos en Java

  Se agregaron métodos nuevos a los tipos existentes, por ejemplo, List y Deque. Es posible que estos nuevos métodos no sean compatibles con métodos con el mismo nombre y los mismos tipos de argumentos en otras interfaces y clases. En el caso de una colisión de firma de método con incompatibilidad, el compilador javac genera un error de tiempo de compilación. Por ejemplo:

  Ejemplo de error 1:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
    public void removeLast() {
                ^
    return type void is not compatible with Object
    where E is a type-variable:
      E extends Object declared in interface List
  

  Ejemplo de error 2:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
  public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
    both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
  1 error
  

  Ejemplo de error 3:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
  public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
    class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
    where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
      E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
      E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
  1 error
  

  Para corregir estos errores de compilación, la clase que implementa estas interfaces debe anular el método con un tipo de datos que se devuelve compatible. Por ejemplo:

  @Override
  public Object getFirst() {
      return List.super.getLast();
  }
  

Seguridad

Android 15 incluye cambios que promueven la seguridad del sistema para ayudar a proteger las apps y usuarios de apps maliciosas.

Lanzamientos seguros de actividades en segundo plano

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

In addition to the restriction for UID matching, these other changes are also included:

• Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
• Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
• Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
• Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
• Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

Intents más seguros

Android 15 introduce nuevas medidas de seguridad para que los intents sean más seguros y eficaces robustos. El objetivo de estos cambios es prevenir posibles vulnerabilidades y uso inadecuado de intenciones que pueden ser aprovechadas por aplicaciones maliciosas. Hay dos principales mejoras en la seguridad de los intents en Android 15:

• Hacer coincidir filtros de intents de destino: Los intents que se orientan a componentes específicos deben coincidan con las especificaciones de filtro de intents del destino. Si envías un para iniciar la actividad de otra app, el componente del intent objetivo debe Se alinean con los filtros de intents declarados de la actividad receptora.
• Intents deben tener acciones: Los intents que no tengan una acción dejarán de coincidir. cualquier filtro de intents. Esto significa que los intents usados para iniciar actividades o servicios deben tener una acción claramente definida.
• Intents pendientes: El creador del intent pendiente es se trata como el remitente del intent contenedor, no como el del remitente intención

fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

IU del sistema y experiencia del usuario

Android 15 incluye algunos cambios destinados a crear un entorno una experiencia del usuario intuitiva.

Cambios en la inserción de ventana

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

Aplicación de borde a borde

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

• Gesture handle navigation bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
• 3-button navigation
  • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
  • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
• Status bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
  • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
  • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
• Display cutout
  • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets.

What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

• You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
• There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
  • Onboarding or sign-in screens
  • Settings pages

What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

• If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
• If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
• If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
• For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
• If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".

What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are now deprecated:

• R.attr#enforceStatusBarContrast
• R.attr#navigationBarColor
• R.attr#navigationBarDividerColor
• R.attr#statusBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#getStatusBarColor
• Window#isStatusBarContrastEnforced
• Window#setDecorFitsSystemWindows
• Window#setNavigationBarColor
• Window#setNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#setStatusBarColor
• Window#setStatusBarContrastEnforced

Configuración estable

If your app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher, Configuration no longer excludes the system bars. If you use the screen size in the Configuration class for layout calculation, you should replace it with better alternatives like an appropriate ViewGroup, WindowInsets, or WindowMetricsCalculator depending on your need.

Configuration has been available since API 1. It is typically obtained from Activity.onConfigurationChanged. It provides information like window density, orientation, and sizes. One important characteristic about the window sizes returned from Configuration is that it previously excluded the system bars.

The configuration size is typically used for resource selection, such as /res/layout-h500dp, and this is still a valid use case. However, using it for layout calculation has always been discouraged. If you do so, you should move away from it now. You should replace the use of Configuration with something more suitable depending on your use case.

If you use it to calculate the layout, use an appropriate ViewGroup, such as CoordinatorLayout or ConstraintLayout. If you use it to determine the height of the system navbar, use WindowInsets. If you want to know the current size of your app window, use computeCurrentWindowMetrics.

The following list describes the fields affected by this change:

• Configuration.screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp sizes no longer exclude the system bars.
• Configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp.
• Configuration.orientation is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp on close-to-square devices.
• Display.getSize(Point) is indirectly affected by the changes in Configuration. This was deprecated beginning in API level 30.
• Display.getMetrics() has already worked like this since API level 33.

El atributo eleganteTextHeight se establece en verdadero de forma predeterminada

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), the elegantTextHeight TextView attribute becomes true by default, replacing the compact font used by default with some scripts that have large vertical metrics with one that is much more readable. The compact font was introduced to prevent breaking layouts; Android 13 (API level 33) prevents many of these breakages by allowing the text layout to stretch the vertical height utilizing the fallbackLineSpacing attribute.

In Android 15, the compact font still remains in the system, so your app can set elegantTextHeight to false to get the same behavior as before, but it is unlikely to be supported in upcoming releases. So, if your app supports the following scripts: Arabic, Lao, Myanmar, Tamil, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Telugu or Thai, test your app by setting elegantTextHeight to true.

Cambios de ancho de TextView para formas de letras complejas

In previous versions of Android, some cursive fonts or languages that have complex shaping might draw the letters in the previous or next character's area. In some cases, such letters were clipped at the beginning or ending position. Starting in Android 15, a TextView allocates width for drawing enough space for such letters and allows apps to request extra paddings to the left to prevent clipping.

Because this change affects how a TextView decides the width, TextView allocates more width by default if the app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. You can enable or disable this behavior by calling the setUseBoundsForWidth API on TextView.

Because adding left padding might cause a misalignment for existing layouts, the padding is not added by default even for apps that target Android 15 or higher. However, you can add extra padding to preventing clipping by calling setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang.

The following examples show how these changes can improve text layout for some fonts and languages.

Standard layout for English text in a cursive font. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />

Layout for the same English text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Standard layout for Thai text. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />

Layout for the same Thai text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Altura de línea predeterminada de la configuración regional para EditText

In previous versions of Android, the text layout stretched the height of the text to meet the line height of the font that matched the current locale. For example, if the content was in Japanese, because the line height of the Japanese font is slightly larger than the one of a Latin font, the height of the text became slightly larger. However, despite these differences in line heights, the EditText element was sized uniformly, regardless of the locale being used, as illustrated in the following image:

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), a minimum line height is now reserved for EditText to match the reference font for the specified Locale, as shown in the following image:

If needed, your app can restore the previous behavior by specifying the useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum attribute to false, and your app can set custom minimum vertical metrics using the setMinimumFontMetrics API in Kotlin and Java.

Cámara y contenido multimedia

En Android 15, se realizan los siguientes cambios en el comportamiento de la cámara y del contenido multimedia para las apps que se orienten a Android 15 o versiones posteriores.

Restricciones para solicitar foco de audio

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) must be the top app or running a foreground service in order to request audio focus. If an app attempts to request focus when it does not meet one of these requirements, the call returns AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED.

You can learn more about audio focus at Manage audio focus.

Actualización de restricciones que no pertenecen al SDK

Android 15 incluye listas actualizadas de usuarios restringidos que no pertenecen al SDK basadas en la colaboración con desarrolladores de Android y la las pruebas internas. Siempre que sea posible, nos aseguramos de que las alternativas públicas estén disponibles antes de restringir las interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK.

Si tu app no está orientada a Android 15, se implementarán algunos de estos cambios. podría no afectarte de inmediato. Sin embargo, si bien es posible que tu app acceder a algunas interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK según el nivel de API objetivo de tu app, con cualquier método o campo siempre conlleva un alto riesgo de error para tu app.

Si no sabes con certeza si tu app usa interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK, puedes prueba tu app para averiguarlo. Si tu app depende del SDK interfaces, deberías comenzar a planificar la migración hacia alternativas de SDK. Sin embargo, sabemos que algunas apps tienen casos de uso válidos para usarlas. Si no encuentras una alternativa al uso de un SDK interfaz de una función de tu app, deberías solicitar una nueva API pública

To learn more about the changes in this release of Android, see Updates to non-SDK interface restrictions in Android 15. To learn more about non-SDK interfaces generally, see Restrictions on non-SDK interfaces.