Cambios de comportamiento: todas las apps

La plataforma de Android 17 incluye cambios de comportamiento que podrían afectar tu app. Los siguientes cambios de comportamiento se aplican a todas las apps cuando se ejecutan en Android 17, independientemente de targetSdkVersion. Debes probar tu app y, luego, modificarla según corresponda para admitir estos cambios.

Asegúrate también de revisar la lista de cambios de comportamiento que solo afectan a las apps orientadas a Android 17.

Seguridad

Android 17 incluye las siguientes mejoras en la seguridad de los dispositivos y las apps.

Plan de baja de usesClearTraffic

In a future release, we plan to deprecate the usesCleartextTraffic element. Apps that need to make unencrypted (HTTP) connections should migrate to using a network security configuration file, which lets you specify which domains your app needs to make cleartext connections to.

Be aware that network security configuration files are only supported on API levels 24 and higher. If your app has a minimum API level lower than 24, you should do both of the following:

  • Set the usesCleartextTraffic attribute to true
  • Use a network configuration file

If your app's minimum API level is 24 or higher, you can use a network configuration file and you don't need to set usesCleartextTraffic.

Restringe los otorgamientos implícitos de URI

Currently, if an app launches an intent with a URI that has the action Send, SendMultiple, or ImageCapture, the system automatically grants the read and write URI permissions to the target app. We plan to change this behavior in Android 18. For this reason, we recommend that apps explicitly grant the relevant URI permissions instead of relying on the system to grant them.

Límites del almacén de claves por app

Apps should avoid creating excessive numbers of keys in Android Keystore, because it is a shared resource for all apps on the device. Beginning with Android 17, the system enforces a limit on the number of keys an app can own. The limit is 50,000 keys for non-system apps targeting Android 17 or higher, and 200,000 keys for all other apps. System apps have a limit of 200,000 keys, regardless of which API level they target.

If an app attempts to create keys beyond the limit, the creation fails with a KeyStoreException. The exception's message string contains information about the key limit. If the app calls getNumericErrorCode() on the exception, the return value depends on what API level the app targets:

  • Apps targeting Android 17 or higher: getNumericErrorCode() returns the new ERROR_TOO_MANY_KEYS value.
  • All other apps: getNumericErrorCode() returns ERROR_INCORRECT_USAGE.

Experiencia del usuario y la IU del sistema

Android 17 incluye los siguientes cambios que tienen como objetivo crear una experiencia del usuario más coherente e intuitiva.

Restablece la visibilidad predeterminada del IME después de la rotación

Beginning with Android 17, when the device's configuration changes (for example, through rotation), and this is not handled by the app itself, the previous IME visibility is not restored.

If your app undergoes a configuration change that it does not handle, and the app needs the keyboard to be visible after the change, you must explicitly request this. You can make this request in one of the following ways:

  • Set the android:windowSoftInputMode attribute to stateAlwaysVisible.
  • Programmatically request the soft keyboard in your activity's onCreate() method, or add the onConfigurationChanged() method.

Intervención humana

Android 17 incluye los siguientes cambios que afectan la forma en que las apps interactúan con dispositivos de entrada humanos, como teclados y trackpads.

Los touchpads entregan eventos relativos de forma predeterminada durante la captura del puntero

Beginning with Android 17, if an app requests pointer capture using View.requestPointerCapture() and the user uses a touchpad, the system recognizes pointer movement and scrolling gestures from the user's touches and reports them to the app in the same way as pointer and scroll wheel movements from a captured mouse. In most cases, this removes the need for apps that support captured mice to add special handling logic for touchpads. For more details, see the documentation for View.POINTER_CAPTURE_MODE_RELATIVE.

Previously, the system did not attempt to recognize gestures from the touchpad, and instead delivered the raw, absolute finger locations to the app in a similar format to touchscreen touches. If an app still requires this absolute data, it should call the new View.requestPointerCapture(int) method with View.POINTER_CAPTURE_MODE_ABSOLUTE instead.

Contenido multimedia

Android 17 incluye los siguientes cambios en el comportamiento de los medios.

Protección del audio en segundo plano

Beginning with Android 17, the audio framework enforces restrictions on background audio interactions including audio playback, audio focus requests, and volume change APIs to ensure that these changes are started intentionally by the user.

If the app tries to call audio APIs while the app is not in a valid lifecycle, the audio playback and volume change APIs fail silently without throwing an exception or providing a failure message. The audio focus API fails with the result code AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED.

For more information, including mitigation strategies, see Background audio hardening.