Изменения в поведении: приложения для Android 15 или более поздней версии.

Как и в предыдущих версиях, Android 15 включает изменения в поведении, которые могут повлиять на ваше приложение. Следующие изменения в поведении применяются исключительно к приложениям, предназначенным для Android 15 и более поздних версий. Если ваше приложение предназначено для Android 15 и более поздних версий, вам следует изменить его для корректной поддержки этих изменений, где это применимо.

Обязательно ознакомьтесь со списком изменений поведения, которые влияют на все приложения, работающие на Android 15, независимо от targetSdkVersion вашего приложения.

Основная функциональность

Android 15 изменяет или расширяет различные основные возможности системы Android.

Изменения в приоритетных службах

We are making the following changes to foreground services with Android 15.

• Data sync foreground service timeout behavior
• New media processing foreground service type
• Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services
• Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Data sync foreground service timeout behavior

Android 15 introduces a new timeout behavior to dataSync for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. This behavior also applies to the new mediaProcessing foreground service type.

The system permits an app's dataSync services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). When Service.onTimeout() is called, the service is no longer considered a foreground service. If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid problems with this behavior change, you can do one or more of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's dataSync services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start dataSync foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a dataSync foreground service, use an alternative API.

If your app's dataSync foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another dataSync foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another dataSync foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type dataSync".

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable data sync timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

New media processing foreground service type

Android 15 introduces a new foreground service type, mediaProcessing. This service type is appropriate for operations like transcoding media files. For example, a media app might download an audio file and need to convert it to a different format before playing it. You can use a mediaProcessing foreground service to make sure the conversion continues even while the app is in the background.

The system permits an app's mediaProcessing services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid having the exception, you can do one of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's mediaProcessing services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start mediaProcessing foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a mediaProcessing foreground service, use an alternative API, like WorkManager.

If your app's mediaProcessing foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another mediaProcessing foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another mediaProcessing foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type mediaProcessing".

For more information about the mediaProcessing service type, see Changes to foreground service types for Android 15: Media processing.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable media processing timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services

There are new restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services. BOOT_COMPLETED receivers are not allowed to launch the following types of foreground services:

• dataSync
• camera
• mediaPlayback
• phoneCall
• mediaProjection
• microphone (this restriction has been in place for microphone since Android 14)

If a BOOT_COMPLETED receiver tries to launch any of those types of foreground services, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). Run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

To send a BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast without restarting the device, run the following adb command:

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Previously, if an app held the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission, it could launch a foreground service even if the app was currently in the background (as discussed in exemptions from background start restrictions).

If an app targets Android 15, this exemption is now narrower. The app now needs to have the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and also have a visible overlay window. That is, the app needs to first launch a TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY window and the window needs to be visible before you start a foreground service.

If your app attempts to start a foreground service from the background without meeting these new requirements (and it does not have some other exemption), the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

If your app declares the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and launches foreground services from the background, it may be affected by this change. If your app gets a ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, check your app's order of operations and make sure your app already has an active overlay window before it attempts to start a foreground service from the background. You can check if your overlay window is currently visible by calling View.getWindowVisibility(), or you can override View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() to get notified whenever the visibility changes.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable these new restrictions on starting foreground services from the background, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Изменения в том, когда приложения могут изменять глобальное состояние режима «Не беспокоить»

Приложения, предназначенные для Android 15 (уровень API 35) и выше, больше не могут изменять глобальное состояние или политику режима «Не беспокоить» (DND) на устройстве (путем изменения пользовательских настроек или отключения режима «Не беспокоить»). Вместо этого приложения должны внести AutomaticZenRule , которое система объединяет в глобальную политику с существующей схемой наиболее ограничительной политики. Вызовы к существующим API, которые ранее влияли на глобальное состояние ( setInterruptionFilter , setNotificationPolicy ), приводят к созданию или обновлению неявного AutomaticZenRule , который включается и выключается в зависимости от цикла вызовов этих вызовов API.

Обратите внимание, что это изменение влияет на наблюдаемое поведение только в том случае, если приложение вызывает setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) и ожидает, что этот вызов деактивирует AutomaticZenRule , который ранее был активирован его владельцами.

Изменения API OpenJDK

Android 15 continues the work of refreshing Android's core libraries to align with the features in the latest OpenJDK LTS releases.

Some of these changes can affect app compatibility for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35):

• Changes to string formatting APIs: Validation of argument index, flags, width, and precision are now more strict when using the following String.format() and Formatter.format() APIs:

  • String.format(String, Object[])
  • String.format(Locale, String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(Locale, String, Object[])

  For example, the following exception is thrown when an argument index of 0 is used (%0 in the format string):

  IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0
  

  In this case, the issue can be fixed by using an argument index of 1 (%1 in the format string).

• Changes to component type of Arrays.asList(...).toArray(): When using Arrays.asList(...).toArray(), the component type of the resulting array is now an Object—not the type of the underlying array's elements. So the following code throws a ClassCastException:

  String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();
  

  For this case, to preserve String as the component type in the resulting array, you could use Collection.toArray(Object[]) instead:

  String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);
  

• Changes to language code handling: When using the Locale API, language codes for Hebrew, Yiddish, and Indonesian are no longer converted to their obsolete forms (Hebrew: iw, Yiddish: ji, and Indonesian: in). When specifying the language code for one of these locales, use the codes from ISO 639-1 instead (Hebrew: he, Yiddish: yi, and Indonesian: id).

• Changes to random int sequences: Following the changes made in https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574, the following Random.ints() methods now return a different sequence of numbers than the Random.nextInt() methods do:

  • Random.ints(long)
  • Random.ints(long, int, int)
  • Random.ints(int, int)
  • Random.ints()

  Generally, this change shouldn't result in app-breaking behavior, but your code shouldn't expect the sequence generated from Random.ints() methods to match Random.nextInt().

The new SequencedCollection API can affect your app's compatibility after you update compileSdk in your app's build configuration to use Android 15 (API level 35):

• Collision with MutableList.removeFirst() and MutableList.removeLast() extension functions in kotlin-stdlib

  The List type in Java is mapped to the MutableList type in Kotlin. Because the List.removeFirst() and List.removeLast() APIs have been introduced in Android 15 (API level 35), the Kotlin compiler resolves function calls, for example list.removeFirst(), statically to the new List APIs instead of to the extension functions in kotlin-stdlib.

  If an app is re-compiled with compileSdk set to 35 and minSdk set to 34 or lower, and then the app is run on Android 14 and lower, a runtime error is thrown:

  java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
  removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;
  

  The existing NewApi lint option in Android Gradle Plugin can catch these new API usages.

  ./gradlew lint
  
  MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
        list.removeFirst()
  

  To fix the runtime exception and lint errors, the removeFirst() and removeLast() function calls can be replaced with removeAt(0) and removeAt(list.lastIndex) respectively in Kotlin. If you're using Android Studio Ladybug | 2024.1.3 or higher, it also provides a quick fix option for these errors.

  Consider removing @SuppressLint("NewApi") and lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } if the lint option has been disabled.

• Collision with other methods in Java

  New methods have been added into the existing types, for example, List and Deque. These new methods might not be compatible with the methods with the same name and argument types in other interfaces and classes. In the case of a method signature collision with incompatibility, the javac compiler outputs a build-time error. For example:

  Example error 1:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
    public void removeLast() {
                ^
    return type void is not compatible with Object
    where E is a type-variable:
      E extends Object declared in interface List
  

  Example error 2:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
  public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
    both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
  1 error
  

  Example error 3:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
  public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
    class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
    where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
      E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
      E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
  1 error
  

  To fix these build errors, the class implementing these interfaces should override the method with a compatible return type. For example:

  @Override
  public Object getFirst() {
      return List.super.getFirst();
  }
  

Безопасность

В Android 15 включены изменения, повышающие безопасность системы и помогающие защитить приложения и пользователей от вредоносных приложений.

Ограниченные версии TLS

Android 15 restricts the usage of TLS versions 1.0 and 1.1. These versions had previously been deprecated in Android, but are now disallowed for apps targeting Android 15.

Защищенные запуски фоновой активности

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

• Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
• Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
• Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
• Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
• Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

Более безопасные намерения

Android 15 introduces StrictMode for intents.

In order to see detailed logs about Intent usage violations, use following method:

fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

Пользовательский опыт и системный пользовательский интерфейс

В Android 15 внесены некоторые изменения, направленные на создание более последовательного и интуитивно понятного пользовательского опыта.

Изменения в оконной вставке

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

Edge-to-edge enforcement

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

• Gesture handle navigation bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
• 3-button navigation
  • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
  • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
• Status bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
  • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
  • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
• Display cutout
  • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets. This example is not comprehensive, this might appear differently on Android Auto.

What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

• You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
• There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
  • Onboarding or sign-in screens
  • Settings pages

What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

• If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
• If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
• If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
• For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
• If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".

What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are deprecated but not disabled:

• R.attr#enforceStatusBarContrast
• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#isStatusBarContrastEnforced
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#setStatusBarContrastEnforced

The following APIs are deprecated and disabled:

• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• R.attr#navigationBarDividerColor
• R.attr#statusBarColor
• Window#setDecorFitsSystemWindows
• Window#getNavigationBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#getStatusBarColor
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• Window#setNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#setStatusBarColor

Stable configuration

Если ваше приложение предназначено для Android 15 (уровень API 35) или выше, Configuration больше не исключает системные панели. Если вы используете размер экрана в классе Configuration для расчёта макета, замените его более подходящими альтернативами, такими как ViewGroup , WindowInsets или WindowMetricsCalculator , в зависимости от ваших потребностей.

Configuration доступна с версии API 1. Обычно её можно получить из Activity.onConfigurationChanged . Она предоставляет такую ​​информацию, как плотность, ориентация и размеры окна. Важной особенностью размеров окна, возвращаемых функцией Configuration является то, что ранее она не включала системные панели.

Размер конфигурации обычно используется для выбора ресурсов, например, /res/layout-h500dp , и это всё ещё допустимый вариант использования. Однако использование его для расчёта макета всегда не рекомендовалось. Если вы всё же решили так поступить, вам следует отказаться от него сейчас. Вам следует заменить использование Configuration на что-то более подходящее в зависимости от вашего варианта использования.

Если вы используете его для расчета макета, используйте соответствующую ViewGroup , например CoordinatorLayout или ConstraintLayout . Если вы используете его для определения высоты системной панели навигации, используйте WindowInsets . Если вы хотите узнать текущий размер окна приложения, используйте computeCurrentWindowMetrics .

В следующем списке описываются поля, затронутые этим изменением:

• Размеры Configuration.screenWidthDp и screenHeightDp больше не исключают системные панели.
• Configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp косвенно влияют изменения screenWidthDp и screenHeightDp .
• Configuration.orientation косвенно влияют изменения screenWidthDp и screenHeightDp на устройствах с экранами, близкими к квадратным.
• Изменения в Configuration косвенно затрагивают Display.getSize(Point) . Этот метод устарел, начиная с API уровня 30.
• Display.getMetrics() работает таким образом, начиная с API уровня 33.

Атрибут elegantTextHeight по умолчанию имеет значение true

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), the elegantTextHeight TextView attribute becomes true by default, replacing the compact font used by default with some scripts that have large vertical metrics with one that is much more readable. The compact font was introduced to prevent breaking layouts; Android 13 (API level 33) prevents many of these breakages by allowing the text layout to stretch the vertical height utilizing the fallbackLineSpacing attribute.

In Android 15, the compact font still remains in the system, so your app can set elegantTextHeight to false to get the same behavior as before, but it is unlikely to be supported in upcoming releases. So, if your app supports the following scripts: Arabic, Lao, Myanmar, Tamil, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Telugu or Thai, test your app by setting elegantTextHeight to true.

Изменение ширины TextView для сложных форм букв

В предыдущих версиях Android некоторые рукописные шрифты или языки сложной формы могли отображать буквы в области предыдущего или следующего символа. В некоторых случаях такие буквы обрезались в начальной или конечной позиции. Начиная с Android 15, TextView выделяет ширину для рисования достаточного места для таких букв и позволяет приложениям запрашивать дополнительные поля слева, чтобы предотвратить обрезку.

Поскольку это изменение влияет на то, как TextView определяет ширину, TextView по умолчанию выделяет большую ширину, если приложение предназначено для Android 15 (уровень API 35) или выше. Вы можете включить или отключить это поведение, вызвав API setUseBoundsForWidth в TextView .

Поскольку добавление левого отступа может привести к смещению существующих макетов, отступы не добавляются по умолчанию даже для приложений, ориентированных на Android 15 или более позднюю версию. Однако вы можете добавить дополнительные отступы для предотвращения обрезки, вызвав setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang .

В следующих примерах показано, как эти изменения могут улучшить макет текста для некоторых шрифтов и языков.

Стандартная раскладка английского текста рукописным шрифтом. Некоторые буквы обрезаны. Вот соответствующий XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />

Макет того же текста на английском языке с дополнительной шириной и отступом. Вот соответствующий XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Стандартная раскладка текста на тайском языке. Некоторые буквы обрезаны. Вот соответствующий XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />

Макет того же текста на тайском языке с дополнительной шириной и отступом. Вот соответствующий XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Высота строки по умолчанию для EditText с учетом локали

In previous versions of Android, the text layout stretched the height of the text to meet the line height of the font that matched the current locale. For example, if the content was in Japanese, because the line height of the Japanese font is slightly larger than the one of a Latin font, the height of the text became slightly larger. However, despite these differences in line heights, the EditText element was sized uniformly, regardless of the locale being used, as illustrated in the following image:

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), a minimum line height is now reserved for EditText to match the reference font for the specified Locale, as shown in the following image:

If needed, your app can restore the previous behavior by specifying the useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum attribute to false, and your app can set custom minimum vertical metrics using the setMinimumFontMetrics API in Kotlin and Java.

Камера и медиа

Android 15 вносит следующие изменения в поведение камеры и мультимедиа для приложений, предназначенных для Android 15 или более поздних версий.

Ограничения на запрос аудиофокуса

Приложения, предназначенные для Android 15 (уровень API 35), должны быть главным приложением или запускать службу переднего плана, чтобы запросить фокус звука . Если приложение пытается запросить фокус, хотя оно не соответствует одному из этих требований, вызов возвращает AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED .

Дополнительную информацию о фокусе звука можно узнать в разделе «Управление фокусом звука» .

Обновлены ограничения, не связанные с SDK

В Android 15 включены обновлённые списки ограниченных интерфейсов, не входящих в SDK, основанные на результатах сотрудничества с разработчиками Android и последних внутренних тестов. По возможности мы проверяем наличие общедоступных альтернатив, прежде чем ограничивать интерфейсы, не входящие в SDK.

Если ваше приложение не предназначено для Android 15, некоторые из этих изменений могут не сразу вас затронуть. Однако, хотя ваше приложение может обращаться к некоторым интерфейсам, не относящимся к SDK , в зависимости от целевого уровня API , использование любого метода или поля, не относящегося к SDK, всегда несёт высокий риск выхода приложения из строя.

Если вы не уверены, использует ли ваше приложение интерфейсы, не относящиеся к SDK, вы можете протестировать его , чтобы выяснить это. Если ваше приложение использует интерфейсы, не относящиеся к SDK, вам следует начать планировать миграцию на альтернативы SDK. Тем не менее, мы понимаем, что в некоторых приложениях есть обоснованные примеры использования интерфейсов, не относящихся к SDK. Если вы не можете найти альтернативу использованию интерфейса, не относящегося к SDK, для какой-либо функции вашего приложения, вам следует запросить новый публичный API .

Дополнительные сведения об изменениях в этой версии Android см. в разделе Обновления ограничений интерфейса, не связанных с SDK, в Android 15 . Дополнительные сведения об интерфейсах, отличных от SDK, см. в разделе Ограничения на интерфейсы, не относящиеся к SDK .