動作の変更点: Android 15 以上をターゲットとするアプリ

これまでのリリースと同様、Android 15 には、アプリに影響する可能性がある動作変更が含まれています。下記の動作変更は、Android 15 以上をターゲットとするアプリにのみ適用されます。アプリが Android 15 以上をターゲットとする場合は、必要に応じてアプリを変更し、下記の動作に適切に対応できるようにしてください。

アプリの targetSdkVersion に関係なく、Android 15 で実行されるすべてのアプリに影響する動作変更のリストも必ずご確認ください。

コア機能

Android 15 では、Android システムのさまざまなコア機能が変更または拡張されています。

フォアグラウンド サービスの変更

We are making the following changes to foreground services with Android 15.

• Data sync foreground service timeout behavior
• New media processing foreground service type
• Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services
• Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Data sync foreground service timeout behavior

Android 15 では、Android 15（API レベル 35）以降をターゲットとするアプリに対して、dataSync に新しいタイムアウト動作が導入されます。この動作は、新しい mediaProcessing フォアグラウンド サービス タイプにも適用されます。

システムは、アプリの dataSync サービスを 24 時間以内に合計 6 時間実行することを許可します。その後、システムは実行中のサービスの Service.onTimeout(int, int) メソッド（Android 15 で導入）を呼び出します。この時点で、サービスは Service.stopSelf() を呼び出すために数秒間待機します。Service.onTimeout() が呼び出されると、サービスはフォアグラウンド サービスと見なされなくなります。サービスが Service.stopSelf() を呼び出さない場合、システムは内部例外をスローします。例外は Logcat に次のメッセージとともに記録されます。

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

この動作の変更による問題を回避するには、次のいずれかを行います。

1. サービスに新しい Service.onTimeout(int, int) メソッドを実装します。アプリがコールバックを受信したら、数秒以内に stopSelf() を呼び出します。（アプリをすぐに停止しないと、システムは障害を生成します）。
2. アプリの dataSync サービスが、24 時間で合計 6 時間を超えて実行されていないことを確認します（ユーザーがアプリを操作してタイマーをリセットする場合を除きます）。
3. dataSync フォアグラウンド サービスは、直接のユーザー操作の結果としてのみ起動します。サービスの開始時にアプリはフォアグラウンドにあるため、サービスはバックグラウンドに移行してから 6 時間すべてかかります。
4. dataSync フォアグラウンド サービスを使用する代わりに、代替の API を使用してください。

アプリの dataSync フォアグラウンド サービスが過去 24 時間以内に 6 時間実行されている場合、ユーザーがアプリをフォアグラウンドに表示した（これによりタイマーがリセットされる）場合を除き、別の dataSync フォアグラウンド サービスを開始することはできません。別の dataSync フォアグラウンド サービスを開始しようとすると、システムは ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException をスローし、「フォアグラウンド サービス タイプ dataSync の制限時間はすでに経過しています」などのエラー メッセージを出力します。

テスト

アプリの動作をテストするには、アプリが Android 15 をターゲットとしていない場合でも、データ同期のタイムアウトを有効にできます（アプリが Android 15 デバイスで実行されている場合）。タイムアウトを有効にするには、次の adb コマンドを実行します。

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

タイムアウト期間を調整して、上限に達したときアプリの動作を簡単にテストすることもできます。新しいタイムアウト期間を設定するには、次の adb コマンドを実行します。

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

New media processing foreground service type

Android 15 introduces a new foreground service type, mediaProcessing. This service type is appropriate for operations like transcoding media files. For example, a media app might download an audio file and need to convert it to a different format before playing it. You can use a mediaProcessing foreground service to make sure the conversion continues even while the app is in the background.

The system permits an app's mediaProcessing services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid having the exception, you can do one of the following:

1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
2. Make sure your app's mediaProcessing services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
3. Only start mediaProcessing foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
4. Instead of using a mediaProcessing foreground service, use an alternative API, like WorkManager.

If your app's mediaProcessing foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another mediaProcessing foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another mediaProcessing foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type mediaProcessing".

For more information about the mediaProcessing service type, see Changes to foreground service types for Android 15: Media processing.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable media processing timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services

There are new restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services. BOOT_COMPLETED receivers are not allowed to launch the following types of foreground services:

• dataSync
• camera
• mediaPlayback
• phoneCall
• mediaProjection
• microphone (this restriction has been in place for microphone since Android 14)

If a BOOT_COMPLETED receiver tries to launch any of those types of foreground services, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). Run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

To send a BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast without restarting the device, run the following adb command:

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restrictions on starting foreground services while an app holds the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission

Previously, if an app held the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission, it could launch a foreground service even if the app was currently in the background (as discussed in exemptions from background start restrictions).

If an app targets Android 15, this exemption is now narrower. The app now needs to have the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and also have a visible overlay window. That is, the app needs to first launch a TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY window and the window needs to be visible before you start a foreground service.

If your app attempts to start a foreground service from the background without meeting these new requirements (and it does not have some other exemption), the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

If your app declares the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and launches foreground services from the background, it may be affected by this change. If your app gets a ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, check your app's order of operations and make sure your app already has an active overlay window before it attempts to start a foreground service from the background. You can check if your overlay window is currently visible by calling View.getWindowVisibility(), or you can override View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() to get notified whenever the visibility changes.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable these new restrictions on starting foreground services from the background, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

アプリがサイレント モードのグローバル状態を変更できるタイミングの変更

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) and higher can no longer change the global state or policy of Do Not Disturb (DND) on a device (either by modifying user settings, or turning off DND mode). Instead, apps must contribute an AutomaticZenRule, which the system combines into a global policy with the existing most-restrictive-policy-wins scheme. Calls to existing APIs that previously affected global state (setInterruptionFilter, setNotificationPolicy) result in the creation or update of an implicit AutomaticZenRule, which is toggled on and off depending on the call-cycle of those API calls.

Note that this change only affects observable behavior if the app is calling setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) and expects that call to deactivate an AutomaticZenRule that was previously activated by their owners.

OpenJDK API の変更

Android 15 では、最新の OpenJDK LTS リリースの機能に合わせて Android のコアライブラリを更新する取り組みが引き続き行われています。

これらの変更の一部は、Android 15（API レベル 35）をターゲットとするアプリの互換性に影響する可能性があります。

• String Formatting API を変更: 次の String.format() と Formatter.format() API を使用する場合、引数のインデックス、フラグ、 幅、精度に関する検証が厳格化されました。

  • String.format(String, Object[])
  • String.format(Locale, String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(String, Object[])
  • Formatter.format(Locale, String, Object[])

  たとえば、引数のインデックス 0（フォーマット文字列では %0）を使用すると、次の例外がスローされます。

  IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0
  

  この場合、引数のインデックス 1（フォーマット文字列では %1）を使用すると、問題を解決できます。

• Arrays.asList(...).toArray() のコンポーネント タイプを変更: Arrays.asList(...).toArray() を使用する場合、結果の配列のコンポーネント タイプは 、基盤となる配列の要素の型ではなく Object になりました。そのため、次の コードでは ClassCastException がスローされます。

  String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();
  

  この場合、結果の 配列のコンポーネント タイプとして String を保持するには、代わりに Collection.toArray(Object[]) を使用できます。

  String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);
  

• 言語コードの処理を変更: Locale API を使用する場合、ヘブライ語、イディッシュ語、インドネシア語の言語コードは、廃止された形式（ヘブライ語: iw、イディッシュ語: ji、インドネシア語: in）に変換されなくなりました。これらのロケールのいずれかの言語コードを指定する場合は、代わりに ISO 639-1 のコード（ヘブライ語: he、イディッシュ語: yi、インドネシア語: id）を使用してください。

• ランダムな整数シーケンスを変更: https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574 で行われた変更に伴い、次の Random.ints() メソッドは、 the Random.nextInt() メソッドとは異なる数値シーケンスを返すようになりました。

  • Random.ints(long)
  • Random.ints(long, int, int)
  • Random.ints(int, int)
  • Random.ints()

  通常、この変更によってアプリの動作が中断されることはありませんが、コードでは Random.ints() メソッドから生成されたシーケンスが Random.nextInt() と一致することを想定しないでください。

新しい SequencedCollection API がアプリの互換性に影響する可能性があります アプリのビルド構成で を更新してcompileSdkを使用すると Android 15（API レベル 35）

• MutableList.removeFirst() と MutableList.removeLast() 拡張関数との衝突kotlin-stdlib

  Java の List 型は、Kotlin の MutableList 型にマッピングされます。 List.removeFirst() API と List.removeLast() API は Android 15（API レベル 35）で導入されたため、Kotlin コンパイラは、たとえば list.removeFirst() などの関数呼び出しを、kotlin-stdlib の拡張関数ではなく、新しい List API に静的に解決します。

  compileSdk が 35 に設定され、minSdk が 34 以下に設定された状態でアプリが再コンパイルされ、Android 14 以前でアプリが実行されると、ランタイム エラーがスローされます。

  java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
  removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;
  

  Android Gradle プラグインの既存の NewApi lint オプションを使用すると、これらの新しい API の使用を検出できます。

  ./gradlew lint
  
  MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
        list.removeFirst()
  

  ランタイム例外と lint エラーを修正するには、Kotlin で removeFirst() 関数呼び出しと removeLast() 関数呼び出しをそれぞれ removeAt(0) と removeAt(list.lastIndex) に置き換えます。Android Studio Ladybug | 2024.1.3 以降を使用している場合は、これらのエラーに対するクイック修正オプションも用意されています。

  lint オプションが無効になっている場合は、@SuppressLint("NewApi") と lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } を削除することを検討してください。

• Java の他のメソッドとの衝突

  既存の型（ List、Deque など）に新しいメソッドが追加されました。これらの新しいメソッドは、他のインターフェースやクラスで同じ名前と引数の型を持つメソッドと互換性がない可能性があります。互換性のないメソッド シグネチャの衝突が発生した場合、javac コンパイラはビルド時エラーを出力します。次に例を示します。

  エラーの例 1:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
    public void removeLast() {
                ^
    return type void is not compatible with Object
    where E is a type-variable:
      E extends Object declared in interface List
  

  エラーの例 2:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
  public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
    both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
  1 error
  

  エラーの例 3:

  javac MyList.java
  
  MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
  public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
    class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
    where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
      E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
      E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
  1 error
  

  これらのビルドエラーを修正するには、これらのインターフェースを実装するクラスで、互換性のある戻り値の型を使用してメソッドをオーバーライドする必要があります。次に例を示します。

  @Override
  public Object getFirst() {
      return List.super.getFirst();
  }
  

セキュリティ

Android 15 には、悪意のあるアプリからアプリとユーザーを保護するために、システムのセキュリティを強化する変更が含まれています。

制限付き TLS バージョン

Android 15 restricts the usage of TLS versions 1.0 and 1.1. These versions had previously been deprecated in Android, but are now disallowed for apps targeting Android 15.

バックグラウンド アクティビティの安全な起動

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

• Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
• Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
• Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
• Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
• Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

より安全なインテント

Android 15 introduces StrictMode for intents.

In order to see detailed logs about Intent usage violations, use following method:

fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

ユーザー エクスペリエンスとシステム UI

Android 15 には、より一貫性のある直感的なユーザー エクスペリエンスを実現するための変更が含まれています。

ウィンドウ インセットの変更

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

Edge-to-edge enforcement

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

• Gesture handle navigation bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
• 3-button navigation
  • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
  • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
  • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
  • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
• Status bar
  • Transparent by default.
  • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
  • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
  • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
• Display cutout
  • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets. This example is not comprehensive, this might appear differently on Android Auto.

What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

• You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
• There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
  • Onboarding or sign-in screens
  • Settings pages

What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

• If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
• If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
• If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
• For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
• If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".

What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are deprecated but not disabled:

• R.attr#enforceStatusBarContrast
• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#isStatusBarContrastEnforced
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for 3 button navigation, with 80% alpha)
• Window#setStatusBarContrastEnforced

The following APIs are deprecated and disabled:

• R.attr#navigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• R.attr#navigationBarDividerColor
• R.attr#statusBarColor
• Window#setDecorFitsSystemWindows
• Window#getNavigationBarColor
• Window#getNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#getStatusBarColor
• Window#setNavigationBarColor (for gesture navigation)
• Window#setNavigationBarDividerColor
• Window#setStatusBarColor

Stable configuration

If your app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher, Configuration no longer excludes the system bars. If you use the screen size in the Configuration class for layout calculation, you should replace it with better alternatives like an appropriate ViewGroup, WindowInsets, or WindowMetricsCalculator depending on your need.

Configuration has been available since API 1. It is typically obtained from Activity.onConfigurationChanged. It provides information like window density, orientation, and sizes. One important characteristic about the window sizes returned from Configuration is that it previously excluded the system bars.

The configuration size is typically used for resource selection, such as /res/layout-h500dp, and this is still a valid use case. However, using it for layout calculation has always been discouraged. If you do so, you should move away from it now. You should replace the use of Configuration with something more suitable depending on your use case.

If you use it to calculate the layout, use an appropriate ViewGroup, such as CoordinatorLayout or ConstraintLayout. If you use it to determine the height of the system navbar, use WindowInsets. If you want to know the current size of your app window, use computeCurrentWindowMetrics.

The following list describes the fields affected by this change:

• Configuration.screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp sizes no longer exclude the system bars.
• Configuration.smallestScreenWidthDp is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp.
• Configuration.orientation is indirectly affected by changes to screenWidthDp and screenHeightDp on close-to-square devices.
• Display.getSize(Point) is indirectly affected by the changes in Configuration. This was deprecated beginning in API level 30.
• Display.getMetrics() has already worked like this since API level 33.

elegantTextHeight 属性のデフォルト値が true になりました

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), the elegantTextHeight TextView attribute becomes true by default, replacing the compact font used by default with some scripts that have large vertical metrics with one that is much more readable. The compact font was introduced to prevent breaking layouts; Android 13 (API level 33) prevents many of these breakages by allowing the text layout to stretch the vertical height utilizing the fallbackLineSpacing attribute.

In Android 15, the compact font still remains in the system, so your app can set elegantTextHeight to false to get the same behavior as before, but it is unlikely to be supported in upcoming releases. So, if your app supports the following scripts: Arabic, Lao, Myanmar, Tamil, Gujarati, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Telugu or Thai, test your app by setting elegantTextHeight to true.

複雑な文字の形状に合わせて TextView の幅が変更される

In previous versions of Android, some cursive fonts or languages that have complex shaping might draw the letters in the previous or next character's area. In some cases, such letters were clipped at the beginning or ending position. Starting in Android 15, a TextView allocates width for drawing enough space for such letters and allows apps to request extra paddings to the left to prevent clipping.

Because this change affects how a TextView decides the width, TextView allocates more width by default if the app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. You can enable or disable this behavior by calling the setUseBoundsForWidth API on TextView.

Because adding left padding might cause a misalignment for existing layouts, the padding is not added by default even for apps that target Android 15 or higher. However, you can add extra padding to preventing clipping by calling setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang.

The following examples show how these changes can improve text layout for some fonts and languages.

Standard layout for English text in a cursive font. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />

Layout for the same English text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Standard layout for Thai text. Some of the letters are clipped. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />

Layout for the same Thai text with additional width and padding. Here is the corresponding XML:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

EditText の言語 / 地域対応のデフォルトの行の高さ

In previous versions of Android, the text layout stretched the height of the text to meet the line height of the font that matched the current locale. For example, if the content was in Japanese, because the line height of the Japanese font is slightly larger than the one of a Latin font, the height of the text became slightly larger. However, despite these differences in line heights, the EditText element was sized uniformly, regardless of the locale being used, as illustrated in the following image:

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), a minimum line height is now reserved for EditText to match the reference font for the specified Locale, as shown in the following image:

If needed, your app can restore the previous behavior by specifying the useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum attribute to false, and your app can set custom minimum vertical metrics using the setMinimumFontMetrics API in Kotlin and Java.

カメラとメディア

Android 15 では、Android 15 以上をターゲットとするアプリのカメラとメディアの動作が次のように変更されています。

音声フォーカス リクエストの制限

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) must be the top app or running a foreground service in order to request audio focus. If an app attempts to request focus when it does not meet one of these requirements, the call returns AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED.

You can learn more about audio focus at Manage audio focus.

非 SDK の制限の更新

Android 15 では、Android デベロッパーの協力と直近の内部テストに基づいて、制限を受ける非 SDK インターフェースのリストが更新されています。Google は、非 SDK インターフェースを制限する前に、可能な限り、その代わりとなる公開インターフェースを利用可能にしています。

Android 15 をターゲットとしないアプリでは、この変更の一部はすぐには影響しない可能性があります。ただし、アプリの対象 API レベルに応じて、一部の非 SDK インターフェースにアクセスできる場合もありますが、非 SDK のメソッドまたはフィールドを使用すると、アプリが機能しなくなるリスクが高くなります。

アプリが非 SDK インターフェースを使用しているかどうか不明な場合は、アプリをテストして確認できます。アプリが非 SDK インターフェースに依存している場合は、SDK の代替インターフェースへの移行を計画してください。ただし Google も、一部のアプリには非 SDK インターフェースを使用する正当なユースケースがあると承知しています。アプリの機能に使用している非 SDK インターフェースの代わりが見つからない場合は、新しい公開 API をリクエストしてください。

Android の今回のリリースの変更について詳しくは、非 SDK インターフェースの制限に関する Android 15 での変更点をご覧ください。非 SDK インターフェース全般について詳しくは、非 SDK インターフェースの制限をご覧ください。